Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Kureha Kagaku Kogyo K.k.

Kureha Corporation

Kureha Chemical Industry Company, Limited

Hiroyuki Oba

Hideaki Tanaka

Yasushi Shimizu

Masahiro Yoshida

Junichi Kato

Tomohisa Hasegawa

Hiroshi Satoh

Tomoaki Sato

Kazuhiko Hirose

Akira Hayakawa

Tatsunori Ishiyama

Takashi Shibuya

Kouichi Okuda

Hiroshi Sato

Masahiro Yamazaki

Yasumasa Ohtsuka

Daizo Fukuzawa

Katsumi Kawaguchi

Toru Saika

Tomonori Hosoda

A developing device includes a developer bearing member for bearing a developer so as to develop an electrostatic image, a restricting member for restricting the amount of developer born on the developer bearing member, a detector for detecting information on the amount of developer existing between the developer bearing member and the restricting member, and a controller which can change a value of a voltage to be applied to the restricting member during image formation based on a result detected by the detector.

Developing device

The invention is directed to a film which comprises a poly(carboxylic acid) polymer and a polyvalent metal compound, which is endowed with excellent gas barrier property against, for example oxygen, which has such resistance that the appearance, shape, and gas-barrier properties are not impaired by neutral water, high-temperature water vapor, or hot water; a laminate produced by use of the film; and a process for producing the film or laminate industrially conveniently at low cost. The film or laminate of the present invention is suitable for use as a package, packaging container, or vacuum insulation material for articles which are apt to be deteriorated by oxygen, etc., such as foods, beverages, chemicals, medicines, and metallic precision parts; e.g., electronic parts. Furthermore, there can be provided a packaging material suitable for use with articles which are required to be reliably insulated from gases for prolonged periods and should be treated under high-temperature, hot-water conditions as in boiling or pressurized high-temperature sterilization.

Film and process for producing the same

An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a charging member, contactable to the image bearing member, for electrically charging the image bearing member at a charging position; developing means for developing an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing member with a developer; wherein when a first area on the image bearing member which is going to be an image formation area is at the charging position, the charging member moves with a peripheral speed difference relative to the image bearing member, and when a second area on the image bearing member which is a part of an area which is going to be a non-image formation area is at the charging position, the charging member moves substantially without a peripheral speed difference relative to the image bearing member, and wherein a collecting electric field is formed for collecting the developer from the second area to the developing means.

Image forming apparatus with variable speed charging member

An image forming apparatus is provided, which includes: an image bearing member, a charging member for charging the image bearing member, the charging member bearing electrically conductive particles that contact the image bearing member, and a developer carrying member for carrying a developer provided with toner and electrically conductive particles, the developer carrying member being applied a voltage to develop an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing member with the developer and being capable of collecting a residual developer on the image bearing member, wherein the developer carrying member is provided in such a manner that the developer carrying member opposes the image bearing member via a gap of 150 &#x3bc;m or more and 250 &#x3bc;m or less.

Image forming apparatus

An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a rotatable charging member, forming a nip with the image bearing member, for electrically charging the image bearing member; developing structure for developing an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing member to form a toner image, the developing structure supplying electroconductive particles to the image bearing member, wherein the electroconductive particles are fed to the nip by the image bearing member; and transferring structure for transferring the toner image onto a recording material at a transfer position. The developing structure feeds the electroconductive particles to a region of the image bearing member which corresponds to a region between a first recording material and a second recording material immediately subsequent to the first recording material, and a time period from passage of a trailing end of the first recording material through the transfer position to arrival of a leading end of the second recording material at a transfer position is longer than a time period required for the charging member to rotate one full-turn.

Image forming apparatus having variable/controlled timing for successive feeding of recording material at image transfer position

An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable image bearing member; a charging rotatable member, contactable to the image bearing member at a contact position, for electrically charging the image bearing member, the charging rotatable member being rotatable for counterdirectional peripheral movement relative to rotation of the image bearing member at the contact position; developing means for developing an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing member with a developer, the developing means being capable of collecting a residual developer from the image bearing member; and wherein start of rotation of the charging rotatable member is simultaneous with or prior to start of rotation of the image bearing member.

Image forming apparatus having charging rotatable member

A film selectively permeable to carbon dioxide gas which includes chitosan having a degree of deacetylation of 70 mol % or higher and in which the ratio of the carbon dioxide gas transmission (CO TR) to the oxygen gas transmission (O TR), (CO TR/O TR), is 15 or higher and a food packaging film made from such a film. The films are insoluble in water, are highly safe from the standpoint of food hygiene, and have such selective gas permeability that the ratio of carbon dioxide gas transmission to oxygen gas transmission is high, which can be economically obtained.

Film selectively permeable to carbon dioxide gas and food packaging film comprising the same

Process cartridge and image forming apparatus comprising charging means including a charge member and electroconductive particles

An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a charge member, contactable to the image bearing member, for electrically charging the image bearing member, the charge member being capable of being supplied with a voltage; developing means for developing an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing member with a developer; wherein the charge member is rotatable so as to provide a first peripheral speed difference between a surface of charge member and a surface of the image bearing member when the image bearing member is charged for image formation; wherein there is provided a cleaning period for transferring the developer from the charge member to the image bearing member with a second peripheral speed difference, which is smaller than the first peripheral speed difference, between the surface charge member of and surface of the image bearing member, when a charging operation for the image formation is not effected to the image bearing member.

A laminate having a laminated structure of at least two layers includes a gas barrier film (A) formed from a mixture containing at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(meth)acrylic acid and partially neutralized products thereof and a saccharide in a weight ratio of 95:5 to 20:80, and having an oxygen permeability constant of 5.00.times.10.sup.-3 ml(STP).multidot.cm/m.sup.2 .multidot.h.multidot.atm{Pa} or smaller as measured under conditions of 30.degree. C. and 80% relative humidity, and a layer (B) formed from a thermoplastic resin. The film (A) and the layer (B) are laminated contiguously to each other. A process for the production of a laminate having a laminated structure of at least two layers comprises a step of forming a gas barrier film (A) having an oxygen permeability constant of 5.00.times.10.sup.-3 ml(STP).multidot.cm/m.sup.2 .multidot.h.multidot.atm{Pa} or smaller as measured under conditions of 30.degree. C. and 80% RH, wherein a solution containing at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(meth)acrylic acid and partially neutralized products thereof and a saccharide in a weight ratio of 95:5 to 20:80 is coated on a layer (B) formed from a thermoplastic resin, the solution coated is dried to form a film, and the film is then subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature of at least 100.degree. C. (373K). The film (A) and the layer (B) are contiguous to each other.

Laminate and production process thereof

A fixing apparatus includes a heat generating element for generating heat upon electric power supply thereto; a temperature detecting element a for detecting a temperature or the heat generating element; power application control for controlling the power to the heat generating element so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting element maintains a fixing temperature; and a power setting device for pre-applying power to the heat generating element to detect a rate of temperature change during the pre-application of power, before power is applied to start up the heat generating element to the fixing temperature, and for setting the power to be applied during the start-up period, in accordance with the detected rate of temperature change.

Image fixing apparatus

A composite deposited film including (A) a polymeric film substrate; (B) a deposit of an inorganic material formed on at least one side of the polymeric film substrate (A); and (C) a water-resistant film laminated on the deposit (B) and formed from a mixture containing a polycarboxylic acid or a partially neutralized product thereof and a saccharide in a weight ratio of 95:5 to 20:80 is provided. A production process of a composite deposited film, which includes the steps of forming a deposit (B) of an inorganic material on at least one side of a polymeric film substrate (A); casting a solution of a mixture containing a polycarboxylic acid or a partially neutralized product thereof and a saccharide in a weight ratio of 95:5 to 20:80 on the deposit (B); drying the mixture to form a film; and then subjecting the resultant dry film to a heat treatment at a temperature not lower than 100.degree. C. (373 K), thereby forming a water-resistant film (C) on the deposit (B), is also provided.

Composite deposited film and production process thereof

Disclosed herein is a gas barrier film formed from a mixture containing (A) at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(meth)acrylic acid and partially neutralized products of poly(meth)acrylic acid and (B) a saccharide in a weight ratio of 95:5 to 20:80, and having an oxygen gas permeability coefficient of 5.00.times.10.sup.-3 ml(STP).multidot.cm/m.sup.2 .multidot.h.multidot.atm{Pa} or lower as measured under conditions of 30.degree. C. and 80% relative humidity. A production process of the gas barrier film, in which a film is formed from the mixture, and then subjected to a heat treatment under specific conditions, is also disclosed.

Gas barrier film and production process thereof

An image heating apparatus includes a film contactable and movable together with a recording material carrying an unfixed image; a heater for increasing a temperature of the film, wherein the unfixed image is heated by heat from the film; driving roller contactable to the film to drive the film; wherein the driving roller have an elastic layer and a low thermal expansion coefficient layer outside the elastic layer.

Image heating apparatus with driving roller having low thermal expansion

Disclosed herein is a gas barrier film formed from a mixture containing polyvinyl alcohol and a partially neutralized product of poly(meth)acrylic acid in a weight ratio of 95:5 to 10:90, and having an oxygen permeability constant of 1.25.times.10.sup.-3 ml(STP).multidot.cm/m.sup.2 .multidot.h.multidot.atm{Pa} or smaller as measured under conditions of 30.degree. C. and 80% relative humidity. A production process of the gas barrier film, in which a film formed from a mixture containing polyvinyl alcohol and a partially neutralized product of poly(meth)acrylic acid is subjected to a heat treatment under specific conditions, is also disclosed. The gas barrier film of the invention is excellent in water resistance and oxygen gas barrier property, free of any chlorine atom, and scarcely colored.

Growing community of inventors

Ibaraki, Japan

Hiroyuki Oba