Nissan Motor Company Limited

Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha

Nippon Oil Company

Daido Steel Co., Ltd.

Hiroyuki Aoki

Hiroshi Takao

Shinichiro Yahagi

Takanobu Saito

Kenji Ikezawa

Shinji Kimura

Munekatsu Shimada

Mineo Kagaya

Shigeo Ishitani

Masashi Mizuno

Kensuke Sugiura

Itaru Shibata

Katsuhiro Kojima

Mikiya Shinohara

Masaaki Katsumata

Akira Oyamada

Masaru Nagata

Tokuo Fujisou

Takeichiro Takehara

Shigenori Kurata

Takeitiro Takehara

Masaharu Oshima

Masaki Todoroki

Masasi Watanabe

Yoji Ozawa

Shouichi Edo

Shigeo Hanashima

Nobuyuki Matsui

To obtain stable linear torque-output characteristics over a wide torque range in a magnetostrictive torque detecting apparatus having a shaft to be measured, an exciting coil for magnetically exciting the shaft, and a detecting coil for detecting magnetostrictive components generated in the shaft distorted by a torque, the shaft is particularly composed of a substrate shaft portion made of a high yield point material and a shape anisotropic layer portion made of a high magnetostrictive material metallographically welded on an outer surface of the substrate shaft. The welded shape anisotropic layer portion is formed with two symmetrical groups of concave/convex portions each arranged at regular angular intervals on the outer circumferential surface thereof at an inclination angle with respect to the axial direction of the shaft.

Magnetostrictive torque detecting apparatus

A torque sensor provides a specific property for a shaft member so as to improve sensitivity and so as to minimize hysteresis in measurement of the torque exerted thereon. The shaft member is provided specific composition achieving the desired level of sensitivity without increasing the hysteresis. In the alternative, the shaft member is processed in order to provide the desired property.

Torque sensor

A torque detecting device has a measuring shaft, an excitation device and a detector for detecting a magnetostriction passing through said measuring shaft. The device is able to measure the torque with accuracy even if a temperature gradient is produced in the axial direction of the measuring shaft by making the measuring shaft from a material having specified electromagnetic characteristics at least in a part in which said magnetostrictive force is detected.

Torque detecting device

A magnetostriction type torque sensor employs a plurality of detector coils arranged in axial arrangement along an objective rotary body. The detector coils are so designed and arranged as to compensate influence of temperature, particularly the error caused due to axial temperature gradient caused in the objective rotary body.

Magnetostriction type torque sensor with temperature dependent error

A torque detecting device has a measuring shaft and a magnetic circuit incorporating the measuring shaft into a magnetic path which includes a device for detecting a magnet-ostrictive force passing through said measuring shaft. The device is able to increase the output sensitivity, decrease the rotative fluctuation of output and decrease the hysteresis by making the measuring shaft forming the magnetic path from an iron base alloy having a specific composition.

To simultaneously measure the magnitudes and directions of both axial and torsional stresses produced in a shaft made of magnetostrictive material and provided with first and second sensing segment areas formed in mirror symmetrical arrangement along an outer circumferential surface thereof, the magnetostrictive stress measurement apparatus comprises a first coil provided around the first sensing segment area; a first bridge circuit for detecting change in inductance of the first coil; and a second coil provided around the second sensing segment area; a second bridge circuit for detecting change in inductance of the second coil; and a calculator for calculating an addition of a first inductance change detected by the first bridge circuit and a second inductance change detected by the second bridge circuit to detect an axial stress and a subtraction between the first and second inductance changes to detect a torsional stress.

Magnetostrictive stress measurement apparatus

In a device for measuring torsional torque applied to a fixed or revolving shaft made of a magnetic material by producing a magnetic circuit in which the flux path includes a section of the shaft and detecting a magnetostrictive change induced by the torque, the surface of said section of the shaft is formed with a series of parallel grooves and/or lands or protuberances inclining at a suitable angle with the longitudinal axis of the shaft to thereby cause magnetic flux in the surface layer of the shaft to extend approximately in the direction of tensile or compressive stress produced by the torque. It is preferred to form a first series of parallel grooves extending spirally and inclining 45.degree. with said axis in one section of the shaft and a second series of parallel and spiral grooves inclining 45.degree. with said axis and reverse to the first series of grooves in another section of the shaft to detect a difference between magnetostrictive changes in the respective sections.

Magnetostrictive device for measuring torsional torque

A process for forming a thin dense layer from a paste of powder in organic vehicle, comprises applying the paste onto a substrate by a screen printing technique, drying and sintering the applied paste under sintering conditions, and repeating the above procedure at least one more time, so as to yield a thin dense sintered layer which is longer in lifetime and more stable in quality than those obtained by known techniques.

Process for forming a thin dense sintered layer

An oxygen sensing element of the type having a solid electrolyte oxygen concentration cell formed as a laminate of thin layers on a ceramic substrate in which a heater is embedded and end portions of lead wires are inserted. To enhance reliability of insulation between a lead wire through which heater current flows and lead wires connected to the concentration cell electrodes, the end portion of the heater lead wire is inserted into the substrate so as to make close contact with a terminal portion of the heater over substantially the entire length thereof and is completely shielded from environmental atmosphere by the substrate. Accordingly, even though a carbonaceous substance may be deposited on the substrate surface during practical use of the element, the possibility of heater current leaking of the concentration cell is obviated.

Oxygen sensing element formed as laminate of thin layers on substrate

In a central system fluid composition comprising (1) 70 to 95% by weight of a hydrocarbon base oil and (2) 5 to 30% by weight of a viscosity index improver, the improvement wherein said hydrocarbon base oil (1) comprises (a) 25% by weight to less than 50% by weight, based on the weight of the hydrocarbon base oil (1), of an oligomer of 1-decene having an average molecular weight of 200 to 600 and (b) more than 50% by weight to 75% by weight of a petroleum lubricating oil fraction, and said viscosity index improver (2) is a polymethacrylate having a viscosity average molecular weight of 10,000 to 700,000 obtained by polymerizing at least one ester of a saturated monohydric aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 18 carbon atoms with methacrylic acid.

Hydrocarbon based central system fluid composition

A device having an oxygen sensing probe to be disposed in a combustion gas to detect actual air/fuel ratio values of an air-fuel mixture subjected to combustion. The probe is a combination of two oxygen concentration cells each having a porous solid electrolyte layer such as of zirconia, a porous measurement electrode layer on one side of the solid electrolyte layer and a reference electrode layer on the other side, with a shield layer thereon. Either the shield layers of the two cells or the solid electrolyte layers of the two cells are provided by a single layer which serves also as a substrate of the entire probe. The device includes DC power supply means for forcing a current to flow through the solid electrolyte of each cell thereby to cause oxygen ions to migrate through each solid electrolyte layer, from the reference electrode layer to the measurement electrode layer in one cell and reversely in the other cell. Both air/fuel ratios above a stoichiometric ratio inclusive and air/fuel ratios below the soichiometric ratio inclusive can be detected by this device.

Device for detection of air/fuel ratio from oxygen partial pressure in

A method of detecting numerical values for air/fuel ratio of either a lean air-fuel mixture or a rich mixture supplied to, for example, a combustion engine by means of an oxygen sensor disposed in the exhaust gas. The sensor comprises a porous measurement electrode layer on one side of a porous solid electrolyte layer, e.g., of zirconia and a porous reference electrode layer on the other side with a shield layer thereon, so that the reference electrode layer communicates with the exhaust gas through pores in the sensor. Measurement is accomplished by keeping a DC current flowing between the two electrode layers to establish a reference oxygen partial pressure on the reference electrode side. The intensity of the current is made below a critical value above which an EMF generated by the sensor becomes substantially constant unless the air/fuel ratio changes across the stoichiometric ratio, and the direction of the current flow is chosen depending on whether the air-fuel mixture is a lean one or a rich one.

Method of detecting air/fuel ratio in combustor by detecting oxygen in

A high temperature abrasion-resistant material in the form of a sintered mass such as a board consists of NiO and/or CoO, Ni and/or Co, and a solid lubricant such as CaF.sub.2. The concentration of the total oxide in the mass is maximum at the surface and continuously decreases as the depth from the surface increases, but the concentration of the total metal is substantially zero at the surface and continuously increases as the depth increases. The lubricant is uniformly distributed. This material is produced by firstly sintering a powder mixture of the ingredients in a non-oxidizing atmosphere into a mass of a desired shape and subsequently heating the sintered mass in an oxidizing atmosphere.

High temperature abrasion-resistant material and method of producing same

A central system fluid composition composed of 5-30% by weight of a viscosity index improver, up to 10% by weight of another additive, and the balance being a hydrocarbon-type base oil, which is characterized in that the hydrocarbon-type base oil is composed of 50-100% by weight, based on its total weight, of at least one chief base oil component selected from the group consisting of

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Yokohama, Japan

Hiroyuki Aoki