Ricoh Company, Ltd.

Mitsubishi Electric Corporation

Oki Data Corporation

Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha

Ricoh Research Institute of General Electronics Co., Ltd.

Stanley Electric Co., Ltd

Nec Corporation

Tohoku Ricoh Co., Ltd.

Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd.

Ricoh Research Institute of General Electronics

Hiroshi Miura

Hajime Yuzurihara

Eiko Hibino

Hiroshi Deguchi

Kazunori Ito

Makoto Harigaya

Yoshitaka Hayashi

Shinya Narumi

Katsuyuki Yamada

Masaru Shinkai

Nobuaki Onagi

Yoshiyuki Kageyama

Hiroko Ohkura

Takanori Tano

Koei Suzuki

Katsunari Hanaoka

Masaki Kato

Michiharu Abe

Noboru Sasa

Toshishige Fujii

Tsuyoshi Yoshida

Shigeo Onoda

Satoshi Taniguchi

Naoki Suzuki

Yasutomo Aman

Keisuke Matsuda

Makoto Omori

Naoki Watanabe

Eiji Mochizuki

Hiroyoshi Sekiguchi

Michiaki Shinotsuka

Akihiro Itoh

Hideo Watanabe

Akihiko Shimizu

Haruo Nakamura

Tetsuya Sato

Mikiko Takada

Mikiko Abe

Atsushi Onodera

Takeshi Kibe

Masayuki Fujiwara

Miku Mizutani

Noriyuki Iwata

Jun Ohbuchi

Akishige Murakami

Koichi Haga

Hiroko Tashiro

Kenji Yamamoto

Keisuke Dohi

Wataru Ohtani

Nobuaki Toyoshima

Kiyoto Shibata

Yasuhiro Satoh

Masafumi Kumano

Kohji Takeuchi

Satoshi Shikata

Tetsuro Washida

Masayuki Fujishima

Toshiyuki Tokura

Hajime Maeda

Suguru Sangu

Katsuhiko Tani

Hisamitsu Kamezaki

Minoru Sawaide

Takeshi Uenaka

Kiyotaka Nishino

Tomomi Morii

Yusuke Tanno

Shigeo Shimizu

Daiki Minegishi

Tomomi Hamada

Kouichi Haga

Jun Obuchi

Humiharu Machi

Keiji Morita

Hiroko Okura

Katsuyuki; Yamada

Hiroshi; Deguchi

Shinya; Narumi

An optical transmission device includes: an IQ optical modulator to modulate incident light with a modulation signal, and adjust a phase of the modulated light with a phase bias, or adjust a phase of the incident light with the phase bias, and modulate the phase adjusted light with the modulation signal, a light intensity detector to detect light intensity of modulated light, a synchronous detection circuit to synchronously detect a light intensity signal and a dither signal, and a bias signal generating unit to monitor a change in amplitude of the modulation signal, generate the bias signal according to the synchronous detection signal when a range of the change is equal to or less than a first threshold, and generate a bias signal maintaining a phase bias before the range of the change becomes larger than the first threshold as the bias signal.

Optical transmission device

An optical signal control device () is configured to include: a leakage amount calculating unit () calculating, from a light intensity measured by a first light intensity measuring unit () and a light intensity measured by a second light intensity measuring unit (), a leakage amount of light leaking from other optical signals to each of optical signals included in a combined signal; and an attenuation amount calculating unit () calculating, from the light intensity measured by the second light intensity measuring unit () and the leakage mount of light, an attenuation amount of each of the optical signals included in the combined signal, and a wavelength selective switch () attenuates each of the optical signals included in the combined signal depending on the attenuation amount calculated by the attenuation amount calculating unit ().

Optical signal control device and optical communication system

An optical amplifying device according to the present invention includes: an optical propagation path including an optical amplifier for amplifying input light; an excitation light source for generating excitation light to excite the optical amplifier; first and second optical receivers detect the power of the input light in the optical propagation path before being amplified by the optical amplifier and the power of the light in the optical propagation path after being amplified by the optical amplifier; a third optical receiver for detecting the power of light having a traveling direction opposite to that of the input light amplified by the optical amplifier, in the optical propagation path; and a control unit for controlling the excitation light source on the basis of the light power detected by the first optical receiver, the light power detected by the second optical receiver, and the light power detected by the third optical receiver. This optical amplifying device can prevent a light surge without providing dummy light and without causing a service interruption.

Optical amplifying device

An optical amplifier which can suppress, without measuring signal beam power at individual wavelengths, wavelength-dependence of gain with respect to a signal beam into which multiple signal beams having respective wavelengths different from each other are multiplexed. The optical amplifier can suppress wavelength-dependence of gain by giving loss in accordance with a linear-loss slope to an amplified signal beam. The optical amplifier includes a variable tilt equalizer for varying a loss slope value representing the slope of the loss slope and a tilt control unit for controlling a loss slope value of the variable tilt equalizer.

Optical amplifier

An optical transmitter includes: a bit converter that processes input bits in units of four bits, and generates an output bit sequence having eight bits based on one of a first conversion table, a second conversion table, and a third conversion table; and a symbol mapper that allocates the output bit sequence to an X-polarization and to a Y-polarization of each of two consecutive time slots. The bit converter performs a process of generating the output bit sequence based on the first conversion table, the second conversion table, and the third conversion table. The bit converter performs the process such that a sequence of two most significant bits and a sequence of two least significant bits of the output bit sequence are respectively associated with values that are allocated respectively to two constellation points having phases different by 180 degrees on a complex plane.

Optical transmitter, optical receiver, and optical communication system

A likelihood generation device is included in a receiving apparatus that receives a code-modulated signal including n&#x2212;k information bits and k parity bits in N-dimensional arrangement, where N is a natural number greater than or equal to four, and n and k are natural numbers with k&#x3c;n. The likelihood generation device includes: a temporary likelihood determination unit to determine, by using a table that includes an L-dimensional address space and stores a likelihood in each of the L-dimensional address spaces, likelihoods of an information bit and a parity bit that are transmitted by the code-modulated signal received, where L is a natural number with L&#x3c;N; and a likelihood correction unit to update, among the likelihoods determined by the likelihood derivation unit, the likelihood of the information bit on a basis of a rule for generation of the parity bit.

Likelihood generation device, receiving apparatus, likelihood generation method, and optical transmission system

A vehicle lamp emits red light from a second light emitting area by lighting a tail/accessory lamp while emitting red light from a first light emitting area during a lighting of a tail lamp. Meanwhile, the vehicle lamp lights out the tail/accessory lamp while emitting orange light from the second light emitting area during a lighting (flickering) of a turn lamp.

Vehicle lamp

An image formation apparatus includes: a process device that forms a developer image; a transfer device that transfers the developer image formed by the process device onto a recording medium; a voltage applier that applies a voltage to the transfer device; and a voltage controller that acquires information on a width of the recording medium in a direction orthogonal to a medium conveyance direction, and controls the voltage applied by the voltage applier to the transfer device based on the width of the recording medium.

Image formation apparatus with current measuring for medium width information

A wiring board includes a variable wettability layer situated on a top surface of a support board and containing a material of which a critical surface tension changes by energy given thereto. A conductive layer is situated inside a concave portion formed in the variable wettability layer. The concave portion has opposite side walls formed in tapered surfaces inclining so that a distance between the side walls is reduced toward a bottom of the concave portion in a cross-sectional shape taken along a plane perpendicular to a conducting direction of the conductive layer. Upper edges of the side walls are formed in gently curved surfaces.

Wiring board and manufacturing method thereof

A method of forming a stacked-layer wiring includes forming first wettability variable layer on a substrate using material that changes surface energy by energy application; forming first conductive layer in or on the first wettability variable layer; forming second wettability variable layer on the first wettability variable layer using material that changes surface energy by energy application; forming concave portion to become wiring pattern of second conductive layer to the second wettability variable layer while concurrently forming high surface energy area on surface exposed by forming the concave portion by changing surface energy; forming via hole by exposing a part of the first conductive layer while concurrently forming high surface energy area on surface exposed by forming the via hole by changing surface energy; and applying conductive ink to the high surface energy area to form the second conductive layer and via simultaneously.

Method of forming stacked-layer wiring, stacked-layer wiring, and electronic element

An image formation apparatus includes a primary transfer unit configured to transfer a developer image from an image carrier to an intermediate transfer body, a secondary transfer unit configured to transfer the developer image to a recording medium, a voltage application unit configured to apply a voltage to the secondary transfer unit, a voltage controller configured to control the voltage to be applied to the secondary transfer unit by the voltage application unit, a recording medium type detector configured to detect a type of the recording medium, and a recording medium width detector configured to detect a width of the recording medium in a direction orthogonal to a conveyance direction of the intermediate transfer body. The voltage controller controls the voltage to be applied to the secondary transfer unit, based on the detected recording medium type and the detected recording medium width.

Image formation apparatus that adjusts density of current flowing through a recording medium

An image forming apparatus includes a first print engine and a second print engine. The first print engine forms a first image formed of a first toner having a first average diameter. The first image is transferred onto a recording medium. The second print engine forms a second image formed of a second toner having a second average diameter larger than the first average diameter. The second image is transferred onto the first image in registration.

Image forming apparatus with first and second print engines

A method of manufacturing an interconnection member includes forming on a substrate a wettability changing layer containing a material in which critical surface tension is changed by giving energy; forming a depression part in the wettability changing layer by a laser ablation method using a laser of an ultraviolet region; and coating the depression part with an electrically conductive ink to form an electrically conductive part. At the same time when a pattern of the depression part is formed in the wettability changing layer, a pattern of a high surface energy area is formed as a result of the critical surface tension being changed.

Method of manufacturing interconnection member and electronic device

An imaging module includes an imaging chip including a micro-lens guiding incident light and an imaging element in a semiconductor substrate and converting the incident light into an electric signal, and a polarizing glass chip including a polarizing filter glass having a polarizer determining a polarization direction of the incident light arranged on a transparent substrate such that the polarizer faces the micro-lens and a spacer member connected to the polarizing filter glass to adjust a gap between the polarizer and the micro-lens of the imaging chip. In the imaging module, a melt-bonding surface of the spacer member is melt-bonded to the semiconductor substrate such that the polarizer of the polarizing glass chip and the micro-lens of the imaging chip are arranged close to each other via the gap, and the imaging element and the micro-lens of the imaging chip are sealed by the polarizing glass chip.

Imaging module, fabricating method therefor, and imaging device

An inner lens for use in a vehicle light can be configured to sufficiently enhance aesthetic features, decorative features, unpredictable features, etc., without adversely affecting the formation of the main light distribution. The inner lens can include a main body portion having a main surface that faces towards the reflecting surface of the reflector, and a plurality of independent convex projections formed on the main surface of the main body portion at an area corresponding to the reflecting surface. The light emitted from the light source and that reaches the projections can enter the projections and the main body portion and then be reflected and/or refracted by the projections and the main body portion so as to be directed to a direction diagonally forward of the vehicle light as light that does not contribute to the formation of the main light distribution.

Inner lens for vehicle light and vehicle light including the same

Growing community of inventors

Kanagawa, Japan

Hiroshi Miura