Mita Industrial Co., Ltd.

Asahi Kogaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha

Fuji Photo Film Company, Limited

Idemitsu Kosan Company, Limited

Hiroshi Kokado

Eiichi Inoue

Nobuhiro Miyakawa

Tetsuo Saji

Seiichiro Yokoyama

Katsuyoshi Hoshino

Akihiro Tanaka

Hiroshi Yamamoto

Suguru Takishima

Isao Okuda

Masahiko Sasaki

Takao Nakayama

Junichi Hanna

Koichiro Nishikawa

Takashi Yamaguchi

Makoto Iwaki

Kaname Nakatani

Osamu Takemura

Wataru Kubo

Takashi Kitamura

Junichi Takeda

Masami Ninomiya

Hiroshi Motohashi

Yukio Tokunaga

Toshihiro Yamase

Eiichi Inque

A process for producing a thin film comprising electrotreating a dispersion or solution obtained by dispersing or dissolving a hydrophobic substance powder in an aqueous medium with a surfactant having a HLB value of 10.0 to 20.0, under conditions for forming a thin film of the hydrophobic substance on a cathode. The thin film of a hydrophobic substance can be formed on base metals such as aluminum, which can be applied to photosensitive materials and the like.

Process for producing thin films

Disclosed is an image forming apparatus, in which toner electrically charged in a prescribed polarity is fed from a toner feed device into a toner passage of a toner control device. A predetermined voltage is applied to an electrode of the toner control device in accordance with image signals given by an image information generating device, thereby forming an electric field for directing the toner through the toner passage from the toner-feed side to the toner ejection side of the toner control device. After passing through the toner passage, the toner falls down onto the recording paper placed on a base electrode, thereby forming a desired toner image thereon. Ultrasonic vibration with a variable frequency is applied to the toner control device to allow the toner to uniformly fall down therefrom. A prescribed voltage is applied to the base electrode to form an electric field for accelerating the falling of the toner from the toner control device toward the recording sheet.

Image forming apparatus

By electrotreating a dispersion or solution obtained by dispersing or dissolving hydrophobic substance powder in aqueous medium with the use of surfactant having a HLB value of 10.0 to 20.0, under the conditions for forming the thin film of said hydrophobic substance on the cathode, thin films of hydrophobic substance is formed on the cathode. In this way thin films of hydrophobic substance can be formed on base metals such as aluminum, which can be applied to photosensitive materials and the like.

An optical disk apparatus comprises an optical pickup having an optical pickup body carrying a laser and a photodetector responsive to light emitted from the laser and reflected by the optical disk for producing tracking error signals mounted on the optical pickup body for reciprocal movement in a tracking direction responsive to operation of an actuator, and supports an objective for focusing the beam on the disk. A position sensor produces position signals in response to displacement of the movable portion in the tracking direction. Finally a servo tracking circuit outputs driving signals to the actuator on the basis of tracking error signals produced either in response to tracking error signals produced from outputs of the photodetector and position signals produced from output signals of the position sensor, in response only to the latter. The optical disk apparatus having the foregoing construction eliminates direct-current offset included in tracking error signals, stabilizes driving of the objective, and reduces access time.

Objective driving device for an optical disk apparatus

An optical unit for focusing light on an optical disk in which laser light from a semiconductor laser is passed through a parallelpiped having a diffracting grating on its incident side before being focused on the optical disk. The angle, contained in the plane of the semiconductor laser's junction, between the grating's normal and the optical axis of the laser light is adjusted to a predetermined value.

Apparatus for reproducing information from an optical disk

An optical data reproducing device including an illuminating system for respectively, simultaneously illuminating at least two separate tracks of an optical disk with at least two light beams; a photo-electric conversion device for respectively converting the at least two light beams reflected from the tracks into at least two electrical signals; and processing circuitry for processing the at least two electrical signals. The processing circuitry may include a switch for switching from one track to another to execute a trick jump play. This circuitry may also simultaneously read the track outputs. One or more diffraction gratings which may be perpendicularly oriented with respect to each other establish the beams projected on the tracks.

Optical data reproducing devices having improved trick play capability

An electrically conductive composition is disclosed, which comprises a protonically conductive compound, a finely divided inorganic solid acid and a binder, especially an aqueous emulsion type carboxyl group-containing polymer. This composition has in combination highly improved electric conductivity, low humidity dependency, reduced tacking tendency and high whiteness and can be manufactured at a low cost. This composition is valuable for production of an electro-sensitive recording material.

Electrically conductive composition for electro-responsive recording

Disclosed is a laminated photosensitive material for the electrophotography, which comprises an electroconductive substrate, a charge-generating layer composed of a vacuum deposition film of metal-free phthalocyanine formed on the substrate and a charge-transporting layer formed on the charge-generating layer, wherein the metal-free phthalocyanine film is a metal-free phthalocyanine particle layer composed mainly of .alpha.-type fine crystals having a crystal particle size of 100 to 2000 .ANG. and the vacuum deposition film has a thickness of 500 to 3000 .ANG. and a dark electroconductivity lower than 10.sup.-10 (.OMEGA.-cm).sup.-1. In this laminated photosensitive material, the initial charge quantity is improved, and the electrophotographic characteristics are stabilized when the photosensitive materials is used repeatedly or continuously.

Laminated photosensitive material and process for production thereof

A process for the production of lithographic printing plates, and a light-sensitive material for use in the process are described. The light-sensitive material comprises an electrically conductive support having a hydrophilic surface, and a positive type light-sensitive layer and a photoconductive insulative layer on the support, wherein the positive type light-sensitive layer and the photoconductive insulative layer are provided on the support as a unit layer or individually in that order, and the photoconductive insulative layer can be charged either positively or negatively. The desired lithographic printing plate can be prepared by treating the light-sensitive material by the simple process of the invention.

Electrophotographic process for the production of lithographic printing

A photographic process comprising exposing imagewise a photosensitive layer containing a divalent tin basic salt to actinic rays to form a pattern consisting of non-reducing exposed areas and reducing non-exposed areas and contacting the exposed photo-sensitive layer with a developer capable of forming or erasing color by reduction to thereby form a visible image corresponding to said non-exposed areas or said exposed areas.

Photographic process

An electroconductive substrate for an electrically responsive recording material comprising a porous substrate and a layer of at least one cationic or anionic electric conductor, the conductor layer being formed in the porous substrate along the entire thickness direction thereof extending from one surface of the porous substrate to the other surface of the porous substrate, wherein the conductor layer has a multilayer distribution structure comprising (a) a layer of a cationic electroconductive resin distributed predominantly in the one surface portion of the porous substrate, (b) a layer of an anionic electroconductive resin distributed predominantly in the other surface portion of the porous substrate and (c) a layer of a polysalt of the cationic electroconductive resin and the anionic electroconductive resin interposed between both the electroconductive resin layers (a) and (b) in such a positional relationship that the polysalt layer (c) is adjacent to the electroconductive resin layers (a) and (b).

Conductive substrate for electrosensitive recording material

A solid conducting agent comprising a finely divided inorganic solid acid and at least 0.5% by weight of a protonically conductive solid adsorbed and supported on the finely divided inorganic solid acid. This solid conducting agent is characterized by much reduced humidity dependency of the electric conductivity, and it has a sufficient electric conductivity even under low humidity conditions. An electro-responsive recording material including a layer of this solid conducting agent does not show a tacking phenomenon even under high humidity conditions.

Solid conducting agent

An electric recording material comprising a support and an electrically conductive recording layer formed at least in the surface portion of the substrate, which recording layer is composed of a dispersion of a basic salt of divalent tin or tin (II) hydroxide in an electrically conductive medium, gives an image having high density and contrast at relatively low electric power when applied to an electrolytic recording process utilizing cathodic reduction. This image can be preserved for a long time without discoloration of the background. Especially good results are obtained when a specific polyhydric alcohol is incorporated in the recording layer optionally with a specific organic sulfur compound. This recording material is effectively applied to an electric recording process comprising electrically connecting this recording material between a cathode stylus and a counter anode so that the recording layer falls in contact with the cathode stylus, moving the cathode stylus and recording material relatively to scan the cathode stylus over the surface of the recording layer, and simultaneously applying electric signals between the cathode stylus and counter anode to form a visible image on the recording layer.

Electric recording material and electric recording process

A multilayer image-forming material which comprises an organic sulfur compound and a metal capable of interreacting upon irradiation with electromagnetic radiation to form an interreaction product or products (hereinafter product and products will simply termed 'product'). When the image-forming material is imagewise irradiated with electromagnetic radiation, an interreaction product of the organic sulfur compound and the metal is formed in the irradiated portions of the material, and the physical, chemical and pysico-chemical properties of the thus formed interreaction product are different from those of the respective organic sulfur compound and metal in the non-irradiated portions. Utilizing this difference in properties, the present image-forming material is useful for various applications.

Image forming material

An electric recording process comprising applying electricity to an anode of a solid electrolyte, said electrolyte being a Group IB metal compound having an ionic conductivity of at least 1 .times. 10.sup..sup.-4 .OMEGA..sup..sup.-1 cm.sup..sup.-1 under application conditions. Said anode is contacted with a recording layer containing color forming agent capable of reacting with ions of said metal of Group IB of the Periodic Table to form a visible image.

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Tokyo, Japan

Hiroshi Kokado