Anelva Corporation

Niigata University

Ea Pharma Co., Ltd.

Hiroshi Iwata

Akihiko Saito

Tohru Mizushima

Katsuya Yoshioka

Nobumasa Aoki

Michihiro Hosojima

Shoji Kuwahara

Yoshihisa Hori

Saori Matsuda

The present invention includes cilastatin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active component and a suppressant for renal impairment or inner ear disorders, induced via megalin by at least one megalin ligand which is selected from the group consisting of polymyxins, aminoglycoside antibiotics, glycopeptide antibiotics, cisplatin, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Megalin antagonist

A color liquid crystal display depicting clear images on the screen is provided by decreasing the reflectance of external light such as solar light and room light on the black matrix. A black matrix including a laminated film is provided. The laminated film includes at least two layers each of which include at least two constituent elements. One layer is a transition layer in which the content of one of the constituent elements increases along an incident direction of external light. Also provided is a reactive sputtering apparatus suitable for preparing the laminated film for the black matrix of the present invention.

Black matrix laminated film and reactive sputtering apparatus

It is an object of the present invention is to provide a color liquid crystal display depicting clear images on the screen by decreasing the reflectance of external light such as solar light and room light on the black matrix. A black matrix including a laminated film is provided. The laminated film includes at least two layers each of which include at least two constituent elements. One layer is a transition layer in which the content of one of the constituent elements increases along an incident direction of external light. Also provided is a reactive sputtering apparatus suitable for preparing the laminated film for the black matrix of the present invention.

A method for forming a thin film for a liquid crystal display by depositing a metal oxide on a transparent substrate surface by reactive sputtering. The method comprises introducing gaseous argon and gaseous oxygen to a space in front of a cathode provided with a target of the respective metal and depositing a thin film comprising the metal oxide on the substrate by reactive sputtering by operating the cathode while moving the substrate parallel to the front side of the target. The gaseous argon and the gaseous oxygen are introduced so that the partial pressure of the gaseous oxygen is lower at the upstream or the downstream side of the moving direction of the substrate. The gaseous oxygen is diluted with gaseous nitrogen to a predetermined ratio. The thin film comprising the metal oxide is deposited while adjusting the metal concentration gradient of the film. An apparatus for forming a thin film for a liquid crystal display by depositing a metal oxide on a transparent substrate surface by reactive sputtering.

Growing community of inventors

Kawasaki, Japan

Hiroshi Iwata