Bayer Aktiengesellschaft

Agfa-gevaert Ag

Hildegard Schnoring

Manfred Dahm

Karl-Wilhelm Schranz

Gert Jabs

Bruno Bomer

Bernd Klinksiek

Bernd Koglin

Gottfried Pampus

Gunther Koepke

Josef Witte

Kurt Bauer

Roland Rupp

Manfred Bucheler

Kurt Riecke

Erhard Schellmann

Hans Gehringer

Nikolaus Schon

Rolf Schmidt

Wolfgang Hunicke

A continuous process for the production of microcapsules having polymeric walls and a solid or liquid core which comprises mixing a polyisocyanate with the material to be encapsulated, reacting the resulting mixture, a polyamine, and an aqueous phase containing a dispersion aid, the reaction being initiated in a high-turbulence mixing zone to form an emulsion, and subsequently transferring the reaction product to a multiple-stage cascade of vessels, the temperature being increased from stage to stage and being kept constant during each stage.

Process for the continuous production of microcapsules

The invention relates to a process for preparing fine-particled, stable, pharmaceutical or cosmetic dispersions which comprises dispersing the entire inner phase in 5-40% by volume of outer phase, then adding the remainder of the outer phase, all under predetermined conditions.

Process for the preparation of pharmaceutical and cosmetic dispersions

Microcapsules having a defined release temperature and being formed of gelatin or a mixture of gelatin with gum arabic, carboxymethylcellulose and/or anionic polymers, the gelatin having been hardened with a natural and/or synthetic tanning agent and with a carbonyl compound, and the process for making said microcapsules.

Microcapsules with a defined opening temperature, a process for their

Process for the production of photographic emulsions consisting of water-immiscible or water-insoluble organic substances and an aqueous solution of an organic binder, characterized in that the hydrophilic and hydrophobic phases are heated separately, each to its particular temperature above its liquefaction point, and then continuously dosed into a dispersing chamber.

Process for the production of dispersions and photographic materials

Process for the production of microcapsules, characterized in that a reaction product of a diol or polyol which has a molecular weight of 400 to 10,000 with phosgene or a di- or polyisocyanate which contains at least two chloroformic acid ester or isocyanate groups per molecule is mixed with the substance with is required to be enveloped (core material) and this mixture, an at least bifunctional chain lengthening agent for the reaction product and an aqueous phase are introduced into a zone of high turbulence where the reaction product and chain lengthening agent react to form a high molecular weight polymer which encloses the substance which is to be enveloped to form microcapsules which are then separated.

Process for the production of microcapsules

The invention relates to a process for the production of photographic emulsates consisting of dispersions of water-immiscible or water-insoluble particles in aqueous binder solution, characterized in that the entire non-aqueous phase is initially introduced at a temperature above the liquefaction temperatures of the aqueous and non-aqueous phases, after which a relatively small volume of aqueous phase is emulsified continuously or in portions into the non-aqueous phase by known methods and then more aqueous phase is introduced while emulsification is continued in such a quantity that the viscosity of the emulsion passes through a maximum (indicating phase reversal into an emulsion of non-aqueous particles in aqueous dispersion medium (FIG. 1)).

Microcapsules containing a color-former solution which is encapsulated in the form of a solution in an organic solvent in capsules of the polyaddition product of a diisocyanate corresponding to the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein n=3-6 and a diamine wherein a mixture of an alkyl naphthalene and an isoparaffin containing from 10 to 20 carbon atoms is used as the solvent for the color-former and the microcapsules are tempered for at least 2 hours at a temperature of from 60.degree. to 70.degree. C. after their formation.

Microcapsules and their preparation

Aqueous polymer solutions containing water and 5 to 30% by weight of a polymeric mixture of

Polymer solutions

The containers to be tested are brought into an ultrasonic wave field of which the intensity is assessed so that defective containers are destroyed, while mechanically perfect containers remain unaffected. Since the containers destroyed fall out of their holders, sorting takes place simultaneously.

Method for testing filled glass containers

The instant invention is directed to the production of polyurethane or polyurea powder. The process broadly comprises atomizing an isocyanate, polyisocyanate or isocyanate pre-polymer in the liquid state and bringing the atomized particles into contact with a gaseous diamine or polyamine until they are converted to the solid state.

Production of polyurethane powder

For measuring a two-dimensional temperature distribution a thermographic film is used which consists of a layer containing temperature-sensitive liquid crystals and an antireflection layer. The film is arranged an auxiliary support which is removed from the film before measurement. Only small layer adhesion forces prevail between the thermographic film and auxiliary support.

Method of measuring a two-dimensional temperature distribution

A stable oil-in-water emulsion wherein the discontinuous phase comprises a water-immiscible organic liquid, said emulsion being stabilized by from 0.02 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of organic solvent present, of a laminator, said laminator being a linear high molecular weight polymer whose dilute aqueous solutions having a concentration of up to 0.05% by weight, lower the resistance index in turbulent flow by at least 10% without promoting any change in viscosity.

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Wuppertal, Germany

Hildegard Schnoring