Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.

Rca Inc.

Lucent Technologies Inc.

Rca Licensing Corporation

Hermann J Weckenbrock

Christopher H Strolle

Werner F Wedam

Allen LeRoy Limberg

Raymond A Schnitzler

Leopold A Harwood

Jong Kyung Yun

Barbara J Roeder

Jung-Wan Ko

Chandrakant Bhailalbhai Patel

Jung W Ko

Robert F Casey

Ahmad Khalid Aman

Ted N Altman

Jung Wan Ko

Jong-Kwung Yun

A system for reproducing a luminance signal from a medium containing a previously recorded luminance signal with a high-frequency portion thereof compressed in dynamic range includes a circuit for recovering that luminance signal from the medium. Filtering is done to separate the low-frequency and compressed-in-dynamic-range high-frequency portions of the recovered luminance signal from each other. A corer responds to the separated compressed-in-dynamic-range high-frequency portion of the recovered luminance signal to provide a cored high-frequency portion with expanded dynamic range and reduced noise. The level of the cored high-frequency portion with expanded dynamic range and reduced noise is then boosted by a predetermined amount to compensate for energy losses during the compression of the dynamic range and added back to the low-frequency portion of the recovered luminance signal to reproduce a full-band luminance signal with at least partially restored dynamic range for high-frequencies and without readily visible high-frequency noise.

Deemphasis and subsequent reemphasis of high-energy reversed-spectrum components of a folded video signal

A memory addressing scheme suitable for use for either interleaving or de-interleaving data bytes of, e.g., a broadcast digital television (DTV) data stream. A number of memory branches are configured in a random access memory (RAM), wherein at least some of the branches have different numbers of memory locations for reading out and for storing data bytes, thus defining memory branches of different lengths in the RAM. A start address is determined for each of the memory branches in the RAM, corresponding to a first memory location of each branch. An offset value is determined for each memory branch, to be added to the start address for the branch for addressing a memory location of the branch. If an offset value does not exceed the length of a corresponding branch, an address corresponding to the sum of the branch start address and the offset value is generated for addressing a successive memory location of the branch, and the offset value for the branch is incremented by one. When an offset value equals the length of a corresponding branch, an address corresponding to a last memory location of the branch is generated, and the offset value for the branch is reset to zero.

Addressing scheme for convolutional interleaver/de-interleaver

Deemphasis & Subsequent reemphasis of high-energy reversed-spectrum

Deemphasis and subsequent reemphasis of high-energy reversed-spectrum

Apparatus useful in electronics for the tape recording of a video signal, which is a baseband signal of a prescribed bandwidth extending up to a prescribed maximum frequency, processes the video signal to generate a folded-spectrum video signal. The video signal is digitized and supplied to a digital band-splitting filter with a cross-over frequency at one-half said prescribed maximum frequency, for separating the digitized video signal into samples of a lower-frequency-band component and into samples of a higher-frequency-band component. A balanced modulator is connected for modulating a folding carrier wave of the prescribed maximum frequency, which modulation is done in accordance with the higher-frequency-band component to generate a balanced modulation signal; and the balanced modulation signal is linearly combined with the lower-frequency-band component to generate the folded-spectrum video signal. Preferably, the sampling rate of the digitized video signal is exactly the Nyquist rate of the prescribed maximum frequency, reduces the balanced modulation of a suitably phased folding carrier wave to multiplication of successive samples of the modulating signal alternately by plus one and by minus one. Such multiplications are done without having to use a digital multiplier.

Digital modulators for use with sub-nyquist sampling of raster-scanned

A frequency-multiplexed video signal is generated in which a color-under signal and a second under signal are linearly combined with at least partially overlapping frequency spectra to form a composite under signal for an FM luma signal. The frequency-multiplexed video signal is suited for recording on magnetic tape using helical scanning methods and for being played back from the magnetic tape using helical scanning methods. The second under signal is generated in such way that line-comb filtering can be used during playback to separate color-under signal and second under signal each from the composite signal despite their frequency spectra being at least partially overlapping in the composite signal.

Frequency-multiplexing FM luma signal with color and 2nd under signals

Noise estimation circuitry for estimating the noise in a small number of horizontal scanning lines of a video signal includes a lowpass line comb filter responding to said video signal, but not to chrominance-descriptive components thereof. The video signal free from chrominance-descriptive components is repeatedly sampled during the backporch interval of each horizontal scanning line, and the samples are accumulated to generate a revised noise estimate each successive horizontal scanning line.

Estimation of noise using burst gate response to video signal

A method and apparatus for detecting image motion in a television signal obtained by conversion of film images to a sequence of television video fields using the 2-3 film pulldown technique, comprising generating a plurality of interim motion detection signals which are always based upon a comparison of image points in the video signal which are spaced two sequential fields apart, and gating the plurality of interim motion detection signals together in order to generate a final motion detection signal.

Motion detection for video including that obtained from film

Apparatus for spreading a control signal comprised of widening circuits for extending the control signal horizontally and vertically, a line signal spreading circuit for generating a ramp of increasing values during a given interval at the beginning of each extended control signal, maintaining the maximum value of the ramp for the remainder of the extended control signals and generating a ramp of decreasing values at the end of each extended control signal and also including a circuit for combining the signal values at corresponding points along a plurality of lines as the lines are scanned.

Control signal spreader

A control signal spreader for ameliorating undesirable effects of abrupt changes in a control signal in a video signal processor gradually changes the magnitude of the control signal in the horizontal, vertical and temporal dimensions of the video signal. The control signal is applied to a first circuit, which, responsive to positive transitions of the control signal, generates a gradually increasing signal and provides the lesser valued one of the control signal and the generated signal. A delayed version of the control signal is applied to a second circuit, which, responsive to negative transitions of the control signal, generates a gradually decaying signal and provides the greater valued one of the control signal and the generated decaying signal. The first and second circuits are coupled to a third circuit which provides as an output control signal, the greater valued signal provided by the first and second circuits.

Circuitry for expanding the effect of a video control signal in multiple

Apparatus for estimating noise in an electrical signal having substantially redundant recurring intervals includes circuitry for producing difference samples corresponding to signal differences between the recurring redundant intervals. A number of difference samples are averaged, and ones of the difference samples contributing to each average are subtracted from the averages. Magnitude values are extracted from the differences between the averages and the difference samples. A predetermined number of the magnitude values are averaged to produce a noise estimate signal.

Signal background noise detector

A frame comb filter separates a luminance signal from a composite video input signal for display on every other line of a progressively scanned display. The filter includes a tap for providing a field delayed luma signal and an interpolator for providing a frame comb filtered and interpolated luma signal. A selector switch selects the field delayed luma signal for display on the intermediate lines of the display when the vertical detail content of the input signal is greater than a minimum threshold value and there is little or no interframe motion and selects the frame comb filtered and interpolated luminance signal for display otherwise thereby providing enhanced vertical detail and reduced field motion artifacts for displayed images.

Progressive scan processor employing interpolation in luminance channel

A motion detector for determining image motion in a video signal develops an array of signals representing the difference between pixels from adjacent frames. The array of signals are grouped into subarrays, each of which include the signal corresponding to the pixel under examination for motion. Each of the subarrays are independently examined to determine if the magnitude of all of the pixel differences represented in a particular subarray exceed a predetermined threshold and/or the pixel differences have like polarity. If these conditions are met in any one of the subarrays, a motion signal is produced.

Interfield image motion detector for video signals

A motion detector for detecting interimage motion represented by composite video signals analyzes both the chrominance and luminance components for image motion. Interimage motion represented by the luminance component is determined from interimage signal differences. The interimage signal differences are separated into high and low frequency spectra corresponding to fine and coarse luminance image detail. Selected signal differences from the low frequency spectrum are summed and threshold detected to determine motion in the coarse image detail. The high frequency spectrum of the sample differences are applied to parallel summing circuits which sum different combinations of sample differences in order to discriminate motion signals from non-moving chrominance transitions. The detection signals from the high and low frequency motion detectors are combined to produce a luminance motion signal. Interimage motion represented by the chrominance component is detected by combining selected ones of interimage signal sums. The interimage signal sums are high pass filtered and applied to parallel combining elements which discriminate chrominance motion from vertical luminance transitions.

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Bordentown, NJ, United States of America

Hermann J Weckenbrock