Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler

Johann Wolfgang Goethe-universitaet

Heribert Offermanns

Friedrich Asinger

Herbert Klenk

Walter Von Bebenburg

Werner Schwarze

Paul Scherberich

Gerd Schreyer

Helmut Beschke

Theodor Lussling

Hans B Wagner

Alfred Maierhofer

Walter VONBebenburg

Axel Kleemann

Heinz Friedrich

Karl-Heinz Gluzek

Klaus Posselt

Rudolf Fahnenstich

Wolf-Dieter Pfeifer

Miklos Ghyczy

Klaus Thiemer

Otto Isaac

Herbert Tanner

Fritz Stroman

Heidrun Bertram

Karl H Klingler

Joachim Heese

Frithjof Von Germar

Andreas Barth

Oliver Klein

Hermann Von Lillienfeld-Toal

Wolf Dieter Pfeifer

Wilhelm-Alfons Schuler

Werner Mäntele

Christian Zscherp

Hellmuth Von Prollius

Karl-Heinz Gulzek

The invention relates to an infrared measuring device, especially for the spectrometry of aqueous systems. Said device comprises at least one measuring unit, especially a measuring cell, also comprising at least one ATR-body and at least one infrared light source. The measuring unit contains at least one ATR-body which comprises at least two planar, substantially parallel limiting surfaces and which is transparent with respect to measuring radiation and which has an index of refraction which is greater than that of the medium which is arranged next to at least one limiting surface and which is to be examined, especially larger or equal to 1.5. The IR-measuring radiation on at least one of the planar, parallel limiting surfaces of the ATR-body can be totally reflected in an attenuated manner by at least six times.

Infrared measuring device, especially for the spectrometry of aqueous systems, preferably multiple component systems

2,3-Cycloalkenopyridines of the formula ##STR1## are prepared by reacting a cycloalkanone or cycloalkenone of the formula ##STR2## with an oxo compound of the formula ##STR3## where Z is an aliphatic carbon chain which is unsubstituted or has hydrocarbon substituents and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or lower alkyl groups and ammonia in the presence of a dehydrating and dehydrogenating catalyst at a temperature of about 250.degree. to 550.degree. C.

Process for the production of 2,3-cycloalkenopyridines

Compounds are prepared of the formula ##STR1## where R' is a t-alkyl group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably t-butyl, t-amyl or t-octyl and R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkyl group substituted with one or more phenyl group or a halogen atom, particularly a chlorine atom, or a cycloalkyl group with 3 to 8 carbon atoms, particularly cyclopropyl, which can be substituted by one or more 1 to 3 carbon atom alkyl groups or one or more halogen atoms, preferably chlorine, or phenyl or naphthyl or a five membered heterocyclic group or such phenyl, naphthyl or heterocyclic group substituted by halogen atoms, nitro groups, alkyl or alkoxy with 1 to 5 carbon atoms by condensing in acid medium an acyl cyanide of the formula

N-Substituted .alpha.-ketocarboxylic acid amides

Compounds are prepared of the formula ##STR1## where R' is a t-alkyl group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably t-butyl, t-amyl or t-octyl and R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkyl group substituted with one or more phenyl groups or a halogen atom, particularly a chlorine atom, or a cycloalkyl group with 3 to 8 carbon atoms, particularly cyclopropyl, which can be substituted by one or more 1 to 3 carbon atom alkyl groups or one or more halogen atoms, preferably chlorine, or phenyl or naphthyl or a five membered heterocyclic group or such phenyl, naphthyl or heterocyclic group substituted by halogen atoms, nitro groups, alkyl or alkoxy with 1 to 5 carbon atoms by condensing in acid medium an acyl cyanide of the formula

Process for the production of N-substituted .alpha.-ketocarboxylic acid

The process described in Klenk U.S. Pat. No. 4,113,773 is improved by employing alkali metal cyanide in which at least half of the alkali metal cyanide has a particle size below 0.4 mm and the remainder has a particle size below 1.0 mm.

Process for the production of benzoyl cyanide (I)

Pyridines substituted in the 2-position by an aromatic or heteroaromatic group are prepared by reacting an aliphatic aromatic or aliphatic heteroaromatic ketone with an aliphatic oxo compound having a carbon to carbon ethylenic double bond on the carbon atom adjacent to the oxo group and ammonia in the presence of a dehydrating and dehydrogenating catalyst at a temperature of about 250.degree. to 550.degree. C.

Process for the production of substituted pyridine (A)

There are prepared compounds corresponding to the general formula

Basic substituted xanthine derivatives

Benzoyl cyanide is made from benzoyl chloride and an alkali metal cyanide in a two phase system comprising water and an inert organic solvent which has only slight miscibility with water in the presence of a tertiary amine and hydrogen cyanide.

Process for the production of benzoyl cyanide (IV)

There are prepared acyl cyanides of the formula ##STR1## where R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and which also can be substituted by one or more phenyl groups or halogen atoms, preferably chlorine, or R is preferably a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably cyclopropyl, which can have one or more 1 to 3 carbon atoms alkyl or halogen, preferably chlorine, substituents wherein in all of the above set forth substitutions the halogen atoms and the phenyl groups are not on the carbon atom adjacent to the carbonyl group or R is a substituted phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a substituted naphthyl group or a five membered heterocyclic group, e.g., furyl, thienyl or alkyl substituted thienyl wherein the substituents on the phenyl or naphthyl are halogen atoms, nitro groups or alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. The process comprises reacting and acyl halide of the formula

Substituted cyclopropyl glyoxylnitriles

Benzoyl cyanide is made by reacting benzoic anhydride with an alkali cyanide in an inert organic solvent.

Process for the production of benzoyl cyanide (II)

Benzoyl cyanide is made by reacting benzoyl chloride with an alkali cyanide in the presence of a carboxylic acid nitrile and a copper (I) salt at a temperature of about 50.degree. to 160.degree. C.

There are prepared acyl cyanides of the formula ##STR1## where R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and which also can be substituted by one or more phenyl groups or halogen atoms, preferably chlorine, or R is preferably a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably cyclopropyl, which can have one or more 1 to 3 carbon atom alkyl or halogen, preferably chlorine, substituents wherein in all of the above set forth substitutions the halogen atoms and the phenyl groups are not on the carbon atom adjacent to the carbonyl group or R is a substituted phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a substituted naphthyl group or a five membered heterocyclic group, e.g., furyl, thienyl or alkyl substituted thienyl, wherein the substituents on the phenyl or naphthyl are halogen atoms, nitro groups or alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. The process comprises reacting an acyl halide of the formula

Process for the production of acyl cyanides (A)

Process for the production of acyl cyanides (B)

Compounds are prepared having the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or phenyl and R.sub.2 is hydrogen or halogen and tautomeric form and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof. The compounds have sedative, psychosedative, anxiolytic and spasmolytic properties and in some cases antiphlogistic properties.

5-Aryl-pyrido-(b-6,7)-1,4-diazaepine with an additional fused

The calcium salts of mono-hydroxymethyl lysine and bis(hydroxymethyl) lysine are prepared by reacting lysine and formaldehyde in water containing calcium ions at a pH of at least 8 and at most 12.5. The compounds are useful as fodder for ruminants.

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Grossauheim, Germany

Heribert Offermanns