Bayer Aktiengesellschaft

Herbert Salzburg

Manfred Hajek

Holger Meyborg

Gerd Hanssler

Heinz Ziemann

James M Barnes

Wilhelm Brandes

Bernhard Homeyer

Paul Reinecke

Kurt Findeisen

Kuno Wagner

Hermann Hagemann

Engelbert Kuhle

Klaus Reinking

Rudolf Fauss

Frank Gerald Kleiner

Wilhelm Goyert

Wolfgang Fuhrer

Otto Krist

Andreas Gosch

Georg Steinhoff

Gerd Hufen

Varl-Heinz Kuck

The present invention relates to a process for obtaining adipic acid from the aqueous nitric acid mother liquors that arise during industrial adipic acid production by

Process for obtaining adipic acid

Fungicidally and bactericidally active novel acylated saccharins of the formula ##STR1## in which X is oxygen or sulphur and

Fungicidally and bactericidally active acylated saccharin derivatives

A method of combating fungi and bacteria which comprises applying to such fungi, bacteria or a habitat thereof, a fungicidally or bactericidally effective amount of at least one salt of 3-keto-2-, 3H-1,2-benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or alkyl which has 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is optionally monosubstituted to trisubstituted by hydroxyl and/or monosubstituted to trisubstituted by amino, or represents carboxyl-substituted alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or phenyl which is optionally monosubstituted to trisubstituted by identical or different substituents from amongst nitro and chlorine, or represents cycloalkyl having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, or represents heterocyclic structures which are optionally saturated or unsaturated, are optionally monosubstituted to tetrasubstituted by alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or hydroxyl, and have 1 to 3 identical or different heteroatoms, and a total of 5 or 6 ring members, R.sup.2 represents alkyl having 1 to 18 atoms, or alkyl which has 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is optionally monosubstituted to trisubstituted by hydroxyl and/or monosubstituted to trisubstituted by amino, or represents carboxyl-substituted alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or phenyl which is optionally monosubstituted to trisubstituted by identical or different substituents from amongst nitro and chlorine, or represent cycloalkyl having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, or represents heterocyclic structures which are optionally saturated or unsaturated, are optionally monosubstituted to tetrasubstituted by alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or hydroxyl, and have 1 to 3 identical or different heteroatoms, and a total of 5 or 6 ring members, and R.sup.3 represents hydrogen, alkyl, having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, NH.sub.2, ##STR2## benzyl, or hydroxyalkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, with the exception of the mono-, di- and triethanolamine compounds, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the nitrogen atom at which they are located, form a 5-membered or 6-membered ring which can optionally contain further heteroatoms, and can optionally be substituted by keto groups or fused-on 5-membered or 6-membered rings and/or alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, with the exception of the pyridine ring which is optionally mono- or disubstituted by methyl.

Salts of 2-keto-2H, 3H-1,2-benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide as microbicides

Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or hydrogen,

3-hydrazono-benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide fungicides

A process for the preparation of a 3-hydrazino-1, 2-benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently is hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, amino, hydroxyl or carboxyl, and

Process for the preparation of 3-hydrazino-1,2-benz-isothiazole

The present invention relates to new polyamines corresponding to the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl group and

Polyamines

Liquid dianhydrohexitol mixtures are prepared from diacylation products of hexitols and compounds such as organic carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid anhydrides, carboxylic acid halides, ketene and carbonic acid ester derivatives. More specifically, such diacylation products are simultaneously dehydrated and isomerized by subjecting them to a temperature of at least 130.degree. C. in the presence of a strong acid to yield diacylated dianhydro-hexitol isomer mixtures. These isomer mixtures are then converted to dianhydro-hexitol isomer mixtures by hydrolysis or transesterification. Suitable strong acids include proton acids, Lewis acids and heterogeneous acid catalysts (e.g., ion exchange resins). The mixtures of the present invention are characterized by a minimal tendency towards crystallization. These mixtures are particularly useful as chain extending agents in the production of polyurethanes.

Process for the production of dianhydrohexitol mixtures and the

Insecticidally active novel substituted malonic acid diamide insecticides of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents aryl or heteroaryl, each of which can optionally be substituted,

Substituted malonic acid diamide insecticides, compositions and use

Plasticized polyvinyl alcohol containing one or more 1,4-monoanhydrohexitols and/or one or more 1,4-3,6-dianhydrohexitols and its use for the production of composite films by coextrusion, coating, doubling and lamination.

Plasticized polyvinyl alcohol

Liquid dianhydrohexitol mixtures are prepared from diacylation products of hexitols and compounds such as organic carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid anhydrides, carboxylic acid halides, ketene and carbonic acid ester derivatives. More specifically, such diacylation products are simultaneously dehydrated and isomerized by subjecting them to a temperature of at least 130.degree. C. in the presence of a strong acid to yield diacylated dianhydrohexitol isomer mixtures. These isomer mixtures are then converted to dianhydrohexitol isomer mixtures by hydrolysis or transesterification. Suitable strong acids include proton acids, Lewis acids and heterogeneous acid catalysts (e.g., ion exchange resins). The mixtures of the present invention are characterized by a minimal tendency towards crystallization. These mixtures are particularly useful as chain extending agents in the production of polyurethanes.

Process for the production of dianhydrohexitol mixtures and liquid

In the enamelling of metal by applying a ground coat containing an additive, subsequently applying a cover coat, and baking the structure, the improvement which comprises employing as the additive a complexing agent having a solubility in water at 25.degree. C. and at a pH-value of from 4 to 9 of greater than about 0.05 g/l, with the exception of saccharides and their oxidation, reduction and modification products and polyethylene glycol containing up to 50 carbon atoms per molecule.

Enamel frit and a one-bake two- and multilayer enamelling process

Polyurethane elastomers are made by reacting organic polyisocyanates with compounds having at least two groups containing isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and a molecular weight of from 400 to 10,000 and a 1,4-monoanhydro-tetritol in accordance with techniques known to those in the art. Known chain-lengthening agents, auxiliaries and additives may be included in the reaction mixture. The reaction mixtures employed in the process of the present invention have a longer pot life than prior art reaction mixtures. The elastomers produced by this process are shrink stable.

Process for the preparation of polyurethane elastomers using diols of

A process for the preparation of 1,4-3,6-dianhydro-hexitols from hexitols by elimination of water is described, characterized in that gaseous hydrogen halide is used as the acid dehydrating agent optionally with carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid halides and/or carboxylic acid anhydrides in quantities of up to 600 mol percent, based on the hexitols, as cocatalysts. The reaction is carried out in the absence of water and organic solvents, preferably using gaseous hydrogen chloride, temperatures of up to 300.degree. C. and pressures of up to 250 bar. Very high yields are obtained after working up of the product by distillation or extraction.

Process for the preparation of 1,4-3,6-dianhydro-hexitols

A process for the preparation of homogeneous and cellular polyurethane plastics by the reaction of

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Cologne, Germany

Herbert Salzburg