The Procter Gamble Company

Herbert C Kretschmar

Daniel Stedman Connor

Herbert H Reller

Frederick Anthony Hartman

James Albert Cleary

Andrew John Tofe

Clifford L MacBrair, Jr

Near-quantitative conversion of maleate to D,L-malate is rapidly secured by heating an aqueous alkaline mixture of maleate and excess of the divalent cations calcium, magnesium or mixtures thereof in a reactor at autogenous pressures and at temperatures above reflux. The simplest raw materials for the process are maleic anhydride and calcium hydroxide. The product is secured as an unusual, typically granular solid form of the divalent metal malate salt which is very useful in processes for preparing other malate salts, malic acid, or 2,2'-oxodisuccinate laundry detergent builders.

Process for making malate salts and thereby, amlic acid or

High yields of 2,2'-oxodisuccinate are secured by reacting maleate and malate in aqueous alkaline media containing mixtures of particular divalent (e.g., Ca.sup.2+) and solubilizing monovalent (e.g., Na.sup.+) cations. In a preferred embodiment, the process has both an elevated temperature primary reaction step and one or more low temperature maturation steps. Yields of 2,2'-oxodisuccinate are increased and formation of fumarate byproduct is minimized.

Controlled temperature process for making 2,2'-oxodisuccinates useful as

Dihydroxybenzoic acid derivatives and compositions containing same are useful for topical application to the skin as well as for systemic administration. The compounds are especially effective for providing an analgesic, anti-pyretic, and anti-inflammatory effect.

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory compounds and compositions containing

Compositions containing salicylic acid derivatives are useful for topical application to the skin. The compositions are especially effective for providing an anti-inflammatory effect.

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory compositions for topical application

Physiologically acceptable particulate radionuclide carriers comprising a reducing agent bound to an anionic starch derivative, useful in the preparation of organ-specific diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals.

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Cincinnati, OH, United States of America

Herbert C Kretschmar