Akzo N.v.

Helmut Kuhne

Heinz Beck

Karl-Heinz Frassek

Dieter Sonderhof

Gunther Lanzrath

Fritz Steinseifer

Michael Diamantoglou

Michael Dimantoglou

A modified cellulose has a structure represented by the formula ##STR1## Cell is the framework of the unmodified cellulose molecule or of the chitin molecule, in each case without hydroxyl groups. Z is a nitrogen or sulfur atom. In the case where Z is a nitrogen atom, T and Z together are an acylamide or urea group and Q is (X'-Y') and/or together with the O an ester group and/or together with the O a carbamate group. In the case where Z is a sulfur atom, T is omitted and Q together with the O is an ester group and/or together with the O a carbamate group and, as desired, (X'--Y'). The relationships 0&lt;n&lt;m and 0.ltoreq.s&lt;m are obeyed and (n+s) indicates the mean degree of substitution. m=3 in the case of the unmodified cellulose molecule and m=2 in the case of the chitin molecule. As desired, --X-- can be omitted or --X-- and --X'-- denote specific divalent groups and --Y and --Y' denote --H and/or specified univalent radicals and X is identical to or different from X' and Y is identical to or different from Y' .

Modified cellulose for biocompatible dialysis membranes

The invention relates to metal carboxylate derivatives of partially esterified .alpha.-olefin unsaturated polycarboxylic acid copolymers, the .alpha.-olefin containing 6 to 40 carbon atoms and the copolymer being esterified with an alcohol. At least 80 percent by weight of the unesterified copolymer has a molecular weight in the range from 1000 to 100,000. Preferably, the .alpha.-olefin is maleic anhydride and the alcohol contains 4 to 18 carbon atoms. The present compounds are surprisingly satisfactory internal and external lubricants for synthetic resin such as PVC. Furthermore, the present compounds can be used as emulsifying and/or suspending agents, in particular when the alcohol is a polyethylene oxide glycol ether with 1 to 50 ethylene oxide units.

Metal carboxylate derivatives for use in synthetic materials, emulsions

A dialysis membrane for hemodialysis with improved biocompatibility is composed of a modified cellulose which has a structure represented by the formula ##STR1## Cell is the framework of the unmodified cellulose molecule or of the chitin molecule, in each case without hydroxyl groups. Z is an atom of group V or VI (except oxygen) of the periodic system. Where Z is an atom of group V, T is a hydrogen atom or (X-Y). Where Z is an atom of group VI, T is omitted. (n+s) indicates the mean degree of substitution with 0&lt;n&lt;m and 0.ltoreq.s&lt;m and n+s&lt;m. m=3 in the case of the unmodified cellulose molecule and m=2 in the case of the chitin molecule. -X- can be omitted as desired or -X- and -X'- denote specific divalent groups. -Y and -Y' denote -H and/or specified univalent radicals. X is identical to or different from X' and Y is identical to or different from Y'.

Biocompatible cellulose dialysis membrane with increased adsorption of

The invention relates to metal carboxylate derivatives of partially esterified .alpha.-olefin unsaturated polycarboxylic acid copolymers, the .alpha.-olefin containing 6 to 40 carbon atoms and the copolymer being esterified with an alcohol. At least 80 percent by weight of the unesterified copolymer has a molecular weight in the range from 1000 to 100,000. Preferably, the .alpha.-olefin is maleic anhydride and the alcohol contains 4 to 18 carbon atoms. The present compounds are surprisingly satisfactory internal and external lubricants for synthetic resin as PVC. Furthermore, the present compounds can be used as emulsifying and/or suspending agents, in particular when the alcohol is a polyethylene oxide glycol ether with 1 to 50 ethylene oxide units.

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Kreuzau, Germany

Helmut Kuhne