Basf Aktiengesellschaft

Helmut Hoch

Heinrich Hiller

Hans-Juergen Quadbeck-Seeger

Reinhard Helwig

Erwin Hahn

Horst Scheuermann

Gerhard Kilpper

Jochem Henkelmann

Udo Bergmann

Reinhold Kohlhaupt

Heike Kilburg

Gerhard Epple

Matthias Niedenbrueck

Reinhard Polke

Norbert Scholz

Thomas-Michael Kahl

Eberhard Michaelis

Walter Maier

Guenther Bauni

The preparation of anthraquinone imide compounds by condensation of anthraquinone compounds containing at least one primary amino group with halogenized aromatics or by condensation of halogenized anthraquinone compounds with primary aromatic amines, in the presence of a vat-dyeing catalyst and an acid-binding agent in an organic solvent, in which the organic solvent used is an alkyl benzoate.

Preparation of anthraquinone imide compounds

Preparation of quinophthalone derivatives

Preparation of triazinyl-bis-anthraquinone dyes by reacting

The preparation of 1-amino-2-carboxyanthraquinones I ##STR1## (X denotes hydrogen, chlorine or bromine) by oxidation, under alkaline conditions, of a 1-aminoanthraquinone substituted in the 2-position by an oxidizable carbo-organic radical followed by acidification of the reaction mixture, wherein a 1-amino-2-acetylanthraquinone II ##STR2## (Y denotes chlorine or bromine and n is equal to 0, 1 or 2) is reacted with a peroxide compound or oxygen as oxidizing agent.

Process for the preparation of 1-amino-2-carboxyanthraquinones

Solids are dispersed, comminuted or deagglomerated and classified in a single piece of equipment, a classifier jet mill representing a combination of a jet mill and a spiral flow classifier.

Dispersion, comminution or deagglomeration and classification of solids

1-Nitroanthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid of the formula I ##STR1## is prepared by treating novel 2-substituted 1-nitroanthraquinones of the general formula II ##STR2## where R is --CH.dbd.CH--R.sup.1 or --CH.sub.2 --CHO, where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -dialkylamino or a cyclic 5- or 6-membered amine which may contain further hetero atoms, with oxidizing agents free of heavy metal.

Preparation of 1-nitroanthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid

1-Amino-2-(6'-hydroxyhexoxy)-4-hydroxyanthraquinone (I) is prepared from the corresponding 2-phenoxy- or 2-halo-anthraquinone compound and 1,6-hexanediol with or without a phenol in the presence of an alkaline agent at elevated temperatures by reacting, per mole of the anthraquinone compound, from 2 to 6 moles of 1,6-hexanediol in the presence of ethylene oxide adducts on phenols or alkanols and/or polyethylene glycols at from 125.degree. to 135.degree. C. and then heating the resulting reaction mixture at from 140.degree. to 150.degree. C., in the course of which the stage 1 byproducts, namely the 1',6'-bis(1-amino-4-hydroxyanthraquinonyloxy)hexane diether is cleaved into (I), leaving a diether level of .ltoreq.2% by weight in (I).

Preparation of 1-amino-4-hydroxy-2-(6'-hydroxyhexoxy)-anthraquinone

Blue anthraquinonoid disperse dyes are prepared by reacting a 1-amino-4-nitroanthraquinonecarboxamide (II) with a cyanide in an aqueous medium in the presence of hydroxyl ion acceptors at above 20.degree. C. by a process in which the reaction is carried out in water at a pH of from 7.5 to 10.5 and in the presence of one or more quaternary ammonium salts at from 60.degree. to 100.degree. C. The process gives disperse dyes which are similar to C.I. Disperse Blue 87 and have similar color properties in high yields by an environmentally compatible process, the said disperse dyes having excellent properties.

Preparation of a blue anthraquinonoid disperse dye of

A process for the preparation of bisalkoxy(iso)violanthrenediones involves alkylating the corresponding bishydroxyl compounds in an organic reaction medium with methyl benzoate as the reaction medium. The ester can easily be regenerated and is stable under the reaction conditions.

Preparation of alkoxy(iso)violanthrenediones

The dye is obtained by alkylating 16,17-dihydroxyviolanthrene-5,10-dione in a tertiary aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amine as solvent at from 100.degree. to 230.degree. C. in high yield and high purity.

Preparation of C.I. Vat Blue 16

4,4',7,7'-Tetrachlorothioindigo pigments of high color strength are prepared by oxidizing 3-hydroxy-4,7-dichlorothionaphthene or a mixture of tetrachlorothioindigo and hydroxydichlorothionaphthene in aqueous alkaline suspension with a salt of a nitro-aromatic sulfonic acid, in the presence of a high-boiling, water-immiscible or only slightly water-miscible aromatic liquid, at from 40.degree. to 100.degree. C., and heating the organic suspension to 110.degree.-180.degree. C. Pigmentary forms of tetrachlorothioindigo are isolated which give deep colorations of high brilliance when reduced with white pigments.

Preparation of 4,4',7,7'-tetrachlorothioindigo pigments of high color

A transparent pigmentary form of 4,4',7,7'-tetrachlorothioindigo is prepared by oxidizing the leuco compound of tetrachlorothioindigo in aqueous alkaline suspension, in the presence of a dithionite, at from 20.degree. to 100.degree. C., with simultaneous exposure to shearing forces. Preferably, the oxidation is carried out in the presence of a surfactant. The pigment obtained gives brilliant, transparent full-shade colorations, while white reductions have a deep pure reddish hue.

Preparation of transparent pigmentary forms of

A vat dye obtained by heating a condensation product, which itself has been prepared by heating 3,9-di-(1-anthraquinonylamino)-benz[d,e]anthrone in an aluminum chloride/picoline or aluminum chloride/quinoline melt in the presence of sulfuryl chloride or thionyl chloride, in a melt of an alkali metal hydroxide in an alcohol or glycol or aqueous glycol. The dye gives deep clear brown dyeings having good fastness characteristics.

Brown vat dye and its preparation

A process for the preparation of pigmentary forms of bromoisoviolanthrone, wherein the leuco compound is oxidized in an aqueous alkaline medium, in the presence of a surfactant, at from 10.degree. to 100.degree. C., with exposure to shearing forces. The pigment obtained gives full-shade colorations which are very transparent and very brilliant, while in white reductions very deep colorations are obtained.

Preparation of brilliant, transparent pigmentary bromo-isoviolanthrone

A process for the preparation of pigmentary forms of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide, wherein the diimide is converted to the leuco compound and the latter is oxidized in aqueous suspension, either with exposure to shearing forces in the presence of surfactants, or in the absence of shearing forces and in the presence of non-ionic surfactants, or of mixtures of non-ionic and anionic surfactants. The perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide pigments give deep, brilliant and transparent full-shade colorations. In white reductions, they give distinctly reddish colorations.

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Wachenheim, Germany

Helmut Hoch