Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft

Cassella Aktiengesellschaft

Clariant Produkte (deutschland) Gmbh

Shiseido Company, Limited

Heinz Hoffmann

Matthias Krull

Fritz Engelhardt

Dieter Ohlendorf

Werner Interthal

Gerlinde Ebert

Ulrich Pintschovius

Hubert Seitz

Klaus Redlich

Gunther Hertel

Gerhard Platz

Werner Ritschel, Deceased

The invention therefore provides an additive for improving the cold flow performance of middle distillates, comprising

Fuel oil additives and additized fuel oils having improved cold properties

The present invention relates to the use of hydrocarbon-rich gels as a safe storage or transportation form for liquid hydrocarbons and to a process for the safe storage and safe transportion of liquid hydrocarbons, characterised in that

Process for the storage and transportation of liquid hydrocarbons

The concentrate contains an ammonium compound which carries a longer-chain and a medium-chain substituent on the nitrogen atom, and both the other substituents are either hydrogen atoms, methyl, ethyl or .beta.-hydroxyethyl. The medium-chain substituent should have half the carbon atoms of the longer-chain substituent or one or two carbon atoms less than half. Instead of an ammonium compound, a mixture of several ammonium compounds can also be present which on average corresponds to the formula described above. In addition to water, the concentrate can also contain 0 to 10% by weight, relative to the total amount of the ammonium compounds, of one or more compounds which are selected from amongst alkali metal salts, ammonium salts, aliphatic amines, alkyl or alkenyl esters or olefins having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. The concentrates have a low viscosity, which makes them easily pumpable, transportable and meterable. They can be diluted without noticeable increase in viscosity and contain virtually no combustible solvents.

Water-containing concentrate of at least one alkyl- or

Quaternary ammonium salts and their use as drag reducing agents

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Bayreuth, Germany

Heinz Hoffmann