Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien

Heinz Grunert

Manfred Petzold

Klaus Schumann

Horst Rutzen

Heinz G Smolka

Milan J Schwuger

Wolfgang Rupilius

Ulrich Rall

Klaus Becker

Fritz Hahn

In the process of dyeing or printing textile materials comprising subjecting textile material to the action of aqueous dye solutions or suspensions at elevated temperatures, followed by soaping with soaping agents and recovery of the dyed or printed textile materials, the improvement consisting essentially of employing a fine-particulate, water-insoluble alkali metal aluminosilicate, containing bound water, of the formula

Use of fine-particulate alkali metal alumino-silicates in the process of

Water-soluble quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each alkyl groups of C.sub.1-15 chain length wherein the sum of the carbon atoms in said groups is 9 to 18; R.sub.3 represents a C.sub.1-5 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group; R.sub.4 represents a C.sub.1-5 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or benzyl group; R.sub.5 represents a benzyl group; and X represents a salt-forming anion, are effective retardant-levelling agents in the dyeing of anionic polyacrylonitrile fibers with basic (i.e. cationic) dyes.

Process for the dyeing of polyacrylonitrile fibrous material

Water-soluble quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent H or an alkyl radical of C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 chain length wherein the sum of the carbon atoms in R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is 9 to 20,

Process for the dyeing of polyacrylonitrile fibers

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Dusseldorf, Germany

Heinz Grunert