Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V.

Friedrich-alexander-universitaet Erlangen-nuernberg

Puma Ag Rudolf Dassler Sport

Deutsch Telekim Ag

Deutschetelekom Ag

Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg

Heinz Gerhaeuser

Albert Heuberger

Ernst Eberlein

Stefan Lipp

Stephan Buchholz

Sabah Badri

Rainer Perthold

Gerald Ulbricht

Eberhard Gamm

Reiner Retkowski

Christian Forster

Roland Plankenbuehler

Gerhard Pirner

Andreas Mull

Martin Dietz

Stefan Doehla

Ralph Sperschneider

Karlheinz Brandenburg

Armin A Dassler

Dieter Seitzer

Alexander Zink

Juergen Hupp

Robert Fischer

Robert Sedlmeyer

Thomas Wittenberg

Olaf Korte

Klaus Spinnler

Thomas Von Der Gruen

Roland Bitto

Stefan Koehler

Guenter Rohmer

Martin Tittel

Birgit Bartel-Kurz

Ingmar Bretz

Rainer Hildinger

Pierre Lauber

Dina Kuznetsova

Ali Nowbakht-Irani

Uwe Wissendheit

Robert Schmidt

Thomas Rueckert

Andreas Loeffler

Ulrich Bettin

Frank Noether

Thomas Kleinhenz

Klaus Rebhan

Udo Stoermer

Georg Plenge

Nuria Llombart-Juan

Rolf Lakomy

Andre Heuer

Roland Plankenbuhler

A device for demultiplexing a packet-based transport stream of transport stream packets each provided with a systematic forward error detection code is described. The transport stream packets are each allocated to one of a plurality of data sinks, so that in a payload data section of the transport stream packets allocated to the same data sink a data stream of forward error protection code-protected data packets which are addressed to the respective data sink is embedded. The device determines, for a transport stream packet which is erroneous according to the systematic forward error detection code, a probability value for each of the plurality of data sinks which indicates how probable it is that the predetermined transport stream packet is allocated to the respective data sink, and allocates the predetermined transport stream packet to a selected one of the plurality of data sinks.

Demultiplexing a packet-based transport stream

Exact data-rate analysis of the information signal portions to be transmitted in a subsequent transmission cycle per time-division multiplexing process shall be initially omitted. Instead, on the basis of highly accurate estimated values for the subsequent data rates, estimated values for relative waiting times are transmitted, in a current transmission cycle, from the current time slice to the subsequent time slice of the same service. In the subsequent transmission cycle, actual data rates may be set which may deviate from the estimated data rates for the individual information signals, as a result of which predicted time-slice boundaries for the subsequent transmission cycle may shift. However, the potential shift in the time-slice boundaries is subject to several boundary conditions. No time slice of the subsequent transmission cycle can start prior to its signaled estimated starting time. With constant data rates, the estimated time-slice structure and the actual time-slice structure are identical.

Apparatus and method for transmitting a plurality of information signals in flexible time-division multiplexing

An apparatus for supplying an RFID component with energy includes an antenna and an energy store. The energy store stores energy induced into the antenna by an alternating electromagnetic field during a first time interval. In addition, the energy store supplies the RFID component with stored energy in order to maintain its functionality during a later, second time interval if an energy induced by an alternating electromagnetic field during the later, second time interval is not sufficient for supplying the RFID component.

Apparatus and method for supplying an RFID component with energy

A method and apparatus for determining the receptivity of radio signals at any given receiving site in an area covered by at least one transmitter by comparing data stored and continuously updated in a receiver against data transmitted, and identifying and selecting from all the transmitted radio signals a preferred radio signal.

Method and apparatus for determining the receptivity of radio signals

An I/Q modulator used for processing an I/Q signal to obtain a predistorted output signal. The I/Q signal has an I component and a Q component, and comprises a predistorter for predistorting, with a predistortion signal, a carrier signal, which comprises a first subcomponent and a second subcomponent that is substantially orthogonal to the first subcomponent, to obtain first and second predistorted subcomponents of the carrier signal. The predistortion signal depends on the I and Q components. A first multiplier multiples the I component by the first predistorted subcomponent to obtain a multiplied I component. A second multiplier multiples the Q component by the second predistorted subcomponent to obtain a multiplied Q component. An adder adds the multiplied I component and the negative multiplied Q component to obtain the predistorted output signal. Thus, a simplification of the I/Q modulator and a reduction in the number of necessary multipliers is achieved.

I/Q modulator with carrier predistortion

A method for the analysis of a biological sample for determining a change thereof relative to a healthy biological sample includes creating a first image of the biological sample at a first acquisition modality and creating a second image of the biological samples at a second acquisition modality. The first image is classified on the basis of a first pre-determined parameter, and the second image is classified on the basis of a second pre-determined parameter, the first image being classified independently of the second image. Then, depending on the classification results, it is determined if the biological sample comprises a change relative to a healthy biological sample.

Method for analyzing a biological sample

The invention relates to a method and a device for transmitting information symbols using a plurality of carriers, wherein a first transmission symbol is produced () on the basis of an information symbol. A second transmission symbol is also produced () on the basis of the same information symbol, wherein the second transmission symbol differs from the first transmission symbol. The first and second transmission symbols are modulated () on a carrier and transmitted () at different intervals. The invention further relates to a method and a device for receiving information symbols represented by the first and second information symbols, wherein both transmission symbols received are used in order to extract the information symbol contained in both transmission symbols.

Method and device for transmitting information symbols using a plurality of carriers and method and device for receiving information symbols

An I/Q modulator processes a time-discrete I/Q signal comprising an I component and a Q component. The I/Q signal is based on a sampling frequency which is equal to four times a carrier frequency of a carrier signal onto which the I/Q signal is modulated. A predistorter of the modulator predistort the I and components with a predistortion signal, which depends on the I and Q components, so as to form a predistorted I component and, in temporal alternation therewith, a predistorted Q components. An adjuster of the modulator adjusts the signs of the predistorted I and Q components so that two temporally successive predistorted components have a first sign and two additional successive predistorted components, which follow the first-mentioned components in time, have a second sign which is the inverse of the first sign, so as to produce therefrom an output signal at an output of the modulator.

Digital I/Q modulator having a predistortion

In a system comprising a transmitter, a receiver, and a module, a communication object is transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver which comprises a payload data block containing data for generation of a command to the chip module obeying a communication protocol specific for the chip module, and a parameter block comprising at least one instruction which defines how the generation of the command to the chip module is to be performed, thereby facilitating a control and change of the communication protocol between the receiver and the module.

Control of communication in access and entry systems

A method for providing an information unit to a user is described, wherein the information unit describes an object having a predetermined spatial relationship to the user. The method includes detecting a kind of movement or a position of the user. Depending on the detected kind of movement or the position of the user, a geographic selection criterion is adjusted, wherein, depending on the predetermined spatial relationship of object to user, the geographic selection criterion specifies whether the information unit is provided or not. If a location of the user is located such with respect to a geographic position of the user that the geographic selection criterion is met, the information unit for the object is reproduced. An advantage is that the concept may be employed in applications in which the user gets into different environments and situations which, in turn, require different geographic selection criteria.

Location-dependent information reproduction with adaptation of a geographic selection parameter

A method and an apparatus relating to a fine frequency synchronization compensating for a carrier frequency deviation from an oscillator frequency in a multi-carrier demodulation system of the type capable of carrying out a differential phase decoding of multi-carrier modulated signals, the signals comprising a plurality of symbols, each symbol being defined by phase differences between simultaneous carriers having different frequencies. A phase difference between phases of the same carrier in different symbols is determined. Thereafter, a frequency offset is determined by eliminating phase shift uncertainties related to the transmitted information from the phase difference making use of a M-PSK decision device. Finally, a feedback correction of the carrier frequency deviation is performed based on the determined frequency offset. Alternatively, an averaged frequency offset can be determined by averaging determined frequency offsets of a plurality of carriers. Then, the feedback correction of the frequency deviation is performed based on the averaged frequency offset.

Method and apparatus for fine frequency synchronization in multi-carrier demodulation systems

A system for determining the position of an object, comprising a reference transmitter device () disposed in a fixed position, the reference transmitter device () having a reference time supplying means for supplying a reference time signal that indicates a reference time, at least two transmitter/receiver devices () disposed in fixed positions with respect to each other and to the reference transmitter device (), each transmitter/receiver device () having a time supplying means for supplying a time signal indicating a time, a receiver means for receiving the reference time signal from the reference transmitter device () and a synchronization means for processing the time signal and the reference time signal, as well as a position determining device () on the object for determining the position of the object.

System for determining the position of an object

A device for pretreating a signal to be transmitted over a transmission path, wherein the transmission path comprises a band-pass filter whose pass-band width is smaller than a predetermined bandwidth and a non-linear amplifier, includes a linearization means for performing a linearization of the signal to be transmitted before the transmission of the same, such that a non-linearity caused by the non-linear amplifier is counteracted. Further, the device includes a signal-shaping means downstream to the linearization means comprising a frequency response such that the overall frequency response of the signal-shaping means and the band-pass filter corresponds to the frequency response of a filter whose pass-band width is at least equal to the predetermined bandwidth.

Device and method for pre-treating a signal to be transmitted using a non-linear amplifier with an upstream band-pass filter

A method for generating a signal having a frame structure, each frame of the frame structure comprising at least one useful symbol, a guard interval associated to the at least one useful symbol and a reference symbol, comprises the steps of performing an amplitude modulation of a bit sequence such that the envelope of the amplitude modulated bit sequence defines a reference pattern of the reference symbol and inserting the amplitude modulated bit sequence into said signal as said reference symbol. A method for frame synchronization of a signal having such a frame structure comprises the steps of receiving the signal, down-converting the received signal, performing an amplitude-demodulation of the down-converted signal in order to generate an envelope, correlating the envelope with a predetermined reference pattern in order to detect a signal reference pattern of the reference symbol in the signal, and performing the frame synchronization based on the detection of the signal reference pattern.

Coarse frequency synchronisation in multicarrier systems

A method and apparatus provide coarse frequency synchronization compensating for a carrier frequency deviation from an oscillator frequency in a demodulation system capable of demodulating a signal having a frame structure with at least one useful symbol and a reference symbol which is an amplitude-modulated sequence. A received and down-converted signal undergoes amplitude-demodulation to generate an envelope that is correlated with a predetermined reference pattern to determine the carrier frequency deviation. Finally, the oscillator frequency is controlled based on the carrier frequency deviation. The reference symbol may comprise two identical sequences. In this case, the envelope obtained by the amplitude-demodulation has two portions which are based on the identical sequences. One of the portions of the envelope is correlated with the other one of the portions in order to determine the carrier frequency deviation. The oscillator frequency is controlled based on the determined carrier frequency deviation.

Coarse frequency synchronization in multicarrier systems

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Waischenfeld, Germany

Heinz Gerhaeuser