Akzo N.v.

Akzona Incorporated

Akzo Nobel N.v.

Heinz Beck

Hans G Zengel

Walter Brodowski

Arno Wegerhoff

Karl-Heinz Frassek

Gerhard Steenken

Karlheinz Hillermeider

Ernst Seeberger

Egenius A Giezen

Werner Holtvoigt

Helmut Kuhne

Eduard M Verhulst

Dieter Sonderhof

Gunther Lanzrath

Karl H Frassek

Fritz Steinseifer

Ambar Mukerjee

Gunter Poppel

Gerhard Gabriel

Gerhard Schlichtmann

Lubricant or lubricant additives comprising copolymers of .alpha.-.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid esters and .alpha.-olefins. When the olefin to ester ratio is 0.5 to 4.0 the .alpha.-olefins may have 10-16 C-atoms and the .alpha.-.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid is esterified with straight-chain and/or branched monoalcohol of 3-10 carbon atoms. When the ratio is less than 2.0 the .alpha.-olefin is C.sub.16 and the esterifying component may be C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 alcohol. The copolymers are useful as synthetic lubricating oils, mineral oil additives, lubricant additives and as lubricants for the shaping treatment of thermoplastic plastics.

Copolymers from .alpha.-.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid esters, and

The invention relates to metal carboxylate derivatives of partially esterified .alpha.-olefin unsaturated polycarboxylic acid copolymers, the .alpha.-olefin containing 6 to 40 carbon atoms and the copolymer being esterified with an alcohol. At least 80 percent by weight of the unesterified copolymer has a molecular weight in the range from 1000 to 100,000. Preferably, the .alpha.-olefin is maleic anhydride and the alcohol contains 4 to 18 carbon atoms. The present compounds are surprisingly satisfactory internal and external lubricants for synthetic resin such as PVC. Furthermore, the present compounds can be used as emulsifying and/or suspending agents, in particular when the alcohol is a polyethylene oxide glycol ether with 1 to 50 ethylene oxide units.

Metal carboxylate derivatives for use in synthetic materials, emulsions

The copolymers of the invention are made from .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid esters and .alpha.-olefins. The .alpha.-olefins employed have 8 to 24 C-atoms and the .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid esters are made solely from ethoxylated alcohol with a degree of ethoxylation of 1 to 45. Also disclosed is a process for the production of these copolymers, in which either .alpha.-olefin having 8-24 C-atoms is copolymerized with .alpha.-.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride or .alpha.-.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid at temperatures of 80.degree.-210.degree. C. in the presence of a peroxide catalyst in an inert gas atmosphere, along with esterification with ethoxylated alcohol having a degree of ethoxylation of 1-45 in the mole ratio of 1:1 to 1:2 .alpha.-.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or anhydride : ethoxylated alcohol, or by copolymerizing .alpha.-olefins having 8-24 C-atoms and .alpha.-.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid ester having ethoxylated alcohol with a degree of ethoxylation from 1 to 20 as alcohol component at temperatures of 140.degree.-210.degree. C. in the presence of a peroxide catalyst in an inert gas atmosphere. The copolymers are preferably used as lubricant for the shaping treatment of thermoplastic plastics.

Copolymers for .alpha.-.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid esters

The invention relates to metal carboxylate derivatives of partially esterified .alpha.-olefin unsaturated polycarboxylic acid copolymers, the .alpha.-olefin containing 6 to 40 carbon atoms and the copolymer being esterified with an alcohol. At least 80 percent by weight of the unesterified copolymer has a molecular weight in the range from 1000 to 100,000. Preferably, the .alpha.-olefin is maleic anhydride and the alcohol contains 4 to 18 carbon atoms. The present compounds are surprisingly satisfactory internal and external lubricants for synthetic resin as PVC. Furthermore, the present compounds can be used as emulsifying and/or suspending agents, in particular when the alcohol is a polyethylene oxide glycol ether with 1 to 50 ethylene oxide units.

Water-containing water glass fibers are disclosed, substantially free from non-alkaline compounds and having a water content of from about 15 to 30% by weight, a tear strength of from about 5 to 30 cN/tex, a ratio of alkaline oxide to silicon dioxide of from about 1:3 to 1:1.9, an amorphous structure and a density of from about 2 g/cm.sub.3 to 2.5 g/cm.sup.3. The fibers are preferably cut into lengths of from 1 to 40 mm. They may be used for subsequent production of silica fibers, a technique more advantageous than producing the latter from a melt containing SiO.sub.2 or by acid-leaching of glass fibers. The silica fibers are useful for producing wet webs, filter linings and reinforcing material.

Water-containing water glass fibers

Lubricant compositions comprising .alpha.-olefin/maleinimide copolymers is disclosed. Also disclosed is a process for the shaping of thermoplastic synthetic resins utilizing .alpha.-olefin/maleinimide copolymers.

Thermoplastic resin shaping with olefin/maleimide copolymer lubricant

This disclosure relates to a process for forming plastics from a melt of a mixture of plastics, stabilizers, antioxidants and lubricants, wherein the lubricants comprise a derivative of a copolymer of unsaturated polycarbonic acids or the anhydrides thereof and .alpha.-olefins having an average of at least 28 carbon atoms.

Shaping of plastic materials containing polymeric lubricant

Process for the production of silica fibers of the type in which alkali water glass is dry spun into water-containing alkali silicate fibers which are then contacted with solutions containing hydrogen ions for transforming into silica fibers, the improvement being dry-spinning glass free from non-alkaline compounds having a molar ratio of alkaline oxide to silic dry dioxide of from about 1:3 to 1:1.9 and a viscosity of about 10-700 Pa measured at 30.degree. C., at 10.degree.-50.degree. C. in a drying funnel of a temperature of more than 100.degree. C., at a discharge velocity of minimum 5 m/min.

Method for making silica fibers

Process for the production of water containing water glass fibers of the type in which alkali water glass is dry spun into water containing fibers, the improvement being dry-spinning water glass free from non-alkaline compounds having a molar ratio of alkaline oxide to silicon dioxide of from about 1:3 to 1:1.9 and a viscosity of about 10-700 Pa measured at 30.degree. C., at 10.degree.-50.degree. C. in a drying funnel of a temperature of more than 100.degree. C., at a discharge velocity of minimum 5m/min.

This invention relates to moldable thermoplastic compositions comprising a thermoplastic polymer admixed with a minor shaping processing improving amount of an esterified olefin-maleic anhydride copolymers formed from olefins having 2 to about 24 carbon atoms, where the esterifying alcohol is a monovalent alcohol having 2 to about 20 carbon atoms and where the ratio of maleic anhydride to esterifying alcohol is about 1:0.5 to about 1:2.

Esterified olefin-maleic anhydride copolymers

An improved process for preparing perfluoroalkane sulfonamides by reacting a perfluoroalkane sulfonylfluoride with an amine as disclosed. The improvement comprises performing the reaction in the presence of at least about 1 mole of finely divided silica having a surface area from about 20 m.sup.2 /g to about 600 m.sup.2 /g, per mole of sulfonyl fluoride.

Process for the preparation of perfluoroalkane sulfonamides

A process is provided for finishing fabric containing cellulose fibers to improve its crease resistance, soil release and wet soiling properties while retaining a hand similar to that of the fabric prior to finishing wherein a latex containing a cross-linkable resin which will impart crease resistance to a fabric contains the polymerization product of a mixture of from 70% to about 97% by weight of an ester of acrylic acid and a saturated monohydric alcohol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and from about 30 to 3% of an ester of acrylic acid and an unsaturated monohydric alcohol having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

Process for finishing textile materials containing cellulose fibers

A process for the preparation of cationic paper sizing agents is disclosed. A copolymer of maleic anhydride and an .alpha.-olefin containing 10 to 26 carbon atoms is first reacted with from 0.1 to 1.0 mol, per mol of anhydride, of a monoprimary/monotertiary alkylene diamine, subsequently reacting the copolymer with more than 0.2 and less than 1.5 mols, per mol of anhydride, of a low-molecular weight polyamine, with the proviso that the total amount of amine reacted be less than 2.0 mols per mol of anhydride, and converting the resultant product to a salt.

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Duren, Germany

Heinz Beck