Ge Video Compression, LLC

Fraunhofer-gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.v.

Dolby Video Compression, LLC

Fraunhofer-gesellschaft Zur F&#xd6;rderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.v.

Heiner Kirchhoffer

Detlev Marpe

Thomas Wiegand

Heiko Schwarz

Tung Nguyen

Jan Stegemann

Valeri George

Mischa Siekmann

Benjamin Bross

Philipp Helle

Matthias Preiss

Martin Winken

Christian Bartnik

Thomas Schierl

Anastasia Henkel

Tobias Hinz

Karsten Suehring

Haricharan Lakshman

Ali Atef Ibrahim Khairat Abdelhamid

Simon Oudin

Paul Haase

Karsten Grueneberg

Phan Hoang Tung Nguyen

Christian Rudat

Stefan Matlage

Karsten Mueller

Thomas Weigand

Karsten Müller

Karsten Gruneberg

An encoding scheme for encoding a sequence of integer values comprises encoding a value at a predetermined position and then consecutively calculating and encoding differences between neighboring values. A respective decoding scheme is also provided. These encoding and decoding schemes provide a more efficient encoding concept.

Apparatuses for encoding and decoding a sequence of integer values, methods for encoding and decoding a sequence of integer values and computer program for implementing these methods

An encoding scheme is provided for arithmetically encoding a sequence of information values into an arithmetic coded bitstream by providing the bitstream with entry point information, allowing for resuming arithmetic decoding of the bitstream from a predetermined entry point onward. A respective decoding scheme is also provided. These encoding and decoding schemes provide more efficient encoding in view of the decoding speed.

Arithmetic encoder for arithmetically encoding and arithmetic decoder for arithmetically decoding a sequence of information values, methods for arithmetically encoding and decoding a sequence of information values and computer program for implementing these methods

The entropy coding of a current part of a predetermined entropy slice is based on, not only, the respective probability estimations of the predetermined entropy slice as adapted using the previously coded part of the predetermined entropy slice, but also probability estimations as used in the entropy coding of a spatially neighboring, in entropy slice order preceding entropy slice at a neighboring part thereof. Thereby, the probability estimations used in entropy coding are adapted to the actual symbol statistics more closely, thereby lowering the coding efficiency decrease normally caused by lower-delay concepts. Temporal interrelationships are exploited additionally or alternatively.

Sample array coding for low-delay

A higher coding efficiency for coding a significance map indicating positions of significant transform coefficients within a transform coefficient block is achieved by the scan order by which the sequentially extracted syntax elements indicating, for associated positions within the transform coefficient block, as to whether at the respective position a significant or insignificant transform coefficient is situated, are sequentially associated to the positions of the transform coefficient block, among the positions of the transform coefficient block depends on the positions of the significant transform coefficients indicated by previously associated syntax elements. Alternatively, the first-type elements may be context-adaptively entropy decoded using contexts which are individually selected for each of the syntax elements dependent on a number of significant transform coefficients in a neighborhood of the respective syntax element, indicated as being significant by any of the preceding syntax elements.

Coding of significance maps and transform coefficient blocks

An idea used herein is to use the same function for the dependency of the context and the dependency of the symbolization parameter on previously coded/decoded transform coefficients. Using the same function—with varying function parameter—may even be used with respect to different transform block sizes and/or frequency portions of the transform blocks in case of the transform coefficients being spatially arranged in transform blocks. A further variant of this idea is to use the same function for the dependency of a symbolization parameter on previously coded/decoded transform coefficients for different sizes of the current transform coefficient's transform block, different information component types of the current transform coefficient's transform block and/or different frequency portions the current transform coefficient is located within the transform block.

Transform coefficient coding

Coding schemes for coding a spatially sampled information signal using subdivision and coding scheme for coding a sub-division or a multi tree structure are described, wherein representative embodiments relate to picture and/or video coding applications.

Coding of a spatial sampling of a two-dimensional information signal using sub-division

An entropy decoder is configured to, for horizontal and vertical components of motion vector differences, derive a truncated unary code from the data stream using context-adaptive binary entropy decoding with exactly one context per bin position of the truncated unary code, which is common for horizontal and vertical components of the motion vector differences, and an Exp-Golomb code using a constant equi-probability bypass mode to obtain the binarizations of the motion vector differences. A desymbolizer is configured to debinarize the binarizations of the motion vector difference syntax elements to obtain integer values of the horizontal and vertical components of the motion vector differences. A reconstructor is configured to reconstruct a video based on the integer values of the horizontal and vertical components of the motion vector differences.

Entropy coding of motion vector differences

A decoder for decoding a data stream into which media data is coded has a mode switch configured to activate a low-complexity mode or a high-efficiency mode depending on the data stream, an entropy decoding engine configured to retrieve each symbol of a sequence of symbols by entropy decoding using a selected one of a plurality of entropy decoding schemes, a desymbolizer configured to desymbolize the sequence of symbols to obtain a sequence of syntax elements, a reconstructor configured to reconstruct the media data based on the sequence of syntax elements, selection depending on the activated low-complexity mode or the high-efficiency mode. In another aspect, a desymbolizer is configured to perform desymbolization such that the control parameter varies in accordance with the data stream at a first rate in case of the high-efficiency mode being activated and the control parameter is constant irrespective of the data stream or changes depending on the data stream, but at a second lower rate in case of the low-complexity mode being activated.

Entropy coding supporting mode switching

A video encoder is configured to entropy encode an absolute value of a quantization level of a current transform coefficient at position (xC, yC), wherein the absolute value is encoded using context adaptive binary arithmetic encoding of bins of a first binarization. The video coder is further configured, for the current transform coefficient, to encode a bin of the first binarization by using a context which is determined based on a sum of minimum absolute values of transform coefficient quantization levels, based on encoded bins of the first binarization, at one or more transform coefficient positions among (xC+1, yC), (xC+2, yC), (xC+1, yC+1), (xC, yC+1), and (xC, yC+2).

Transform coefficient block coding

A scalable video decoder is described which is configured to reconstruct a base layer signal from a coded data stream to obtain a reconstructed base layer signal; and reconstruct an enhancement layer signal including spatially or temporally predicting a portion of an enhancement layer signal, currently to be reconstructed, from an already reconstructed portion of the enhancement layer signal to obtain an enhancement layer internal prediction signal; forming, at the portion currently to be reconstructed, a weighted average of an inter-layer prediction signal obtained from the reconstructed base layer signal, and the enhancement layer internal prediction signal to obtain an enhancement layer prediction signal such that a weighting between the inter-layer prediction signal and the enhancement layer internal prediction signal varies over different spatial frequency components; and predictively reconstructing the enhancement layer signal using the enhancement layer prediction signal.

Scalable video coding using inter-layer prediction contribution to enhancement layer prediction

A coding efficiency increase is achieved by using a common signalization within the bitstream with regard to activation of merging and activation of the skip mode. One possible state of one or more syntax elements within the bitstream may signalize for a current sample set of a picture that the sample set is to be merged and has no prediction residual encoded and inserted into the bitstream. A common flag may signalize whether the coding parameters associated with a current sample set are to be set according to a merge candidate or to be retrieved from the bitstream, and whether the current sample set of the picture is to be reconstructed based on a prediction signal depending on the coding parameters associated with the current sample set, without any residual data, or to be reconstructed by refining the prediction signal depending on the coding parameters associated with the current sample set by means of residual data within the bitstream.

Picture coding supporting block merging and skip mode

A better rate distortion ratio is achieved by making interrelationships between coding parameters of different planes available for exploitation for the aim of redundancy reduction despite the additional overhead resulting from the need to signal the inter-plane prediction information to the decoder. In particular, the decision to use inter plane prediction or not may be performed for a plurality of planes individually. Additionally or alternatively, the decision may be done on a block basis considering one secondary plane.

Inter-plane prediction

An arithmetic encoder for encoding a plurality of symbols having symbol values is configured to derive an interval size information for an arithmetic encoding of one or more symbol values to be encoded based on a plurality of state variable values representing statistics of a plurality of previously encoded symbol values with different adaptation time constants. The arithmetic encoder is configured to map a first state variable value, or a scaled and/or rounded version thereof, using a lookup-table and to map a second state variable value, or a scaled and/or rounded version thereof using the lookup-table, in order to obtain the interval size information describing an interval size for the arithmetic encoding of one or more symbols to be encoded. Further arithmetic encoders, arithmetic decoders, video encoders, video decoder, methods for encoding, methods for decoding and computer programs are also disclosed which are based on the same concept and on other concepts.

Arithmetic encoders, arithmetic decoders, video encoder, video decoder, methods for encoding, methods for decoding and computer program

A decoder includes an entropy decoder configured to derive a number of bins of the binarizations from the data stream using binary entropy decoding by selecting a context among different contexts and updating probability states associated with the different contexts, dependent on previously decoded portions of the data stream; a desymbolizer configured to debinarize the binarizations of the syntax elements to obtain integer values of the syntax elements; a reconstructor configured to reconstruct the video based on the integer values of the syntax elements using a quantization parameter, wherein the entropy decoder is configured to distinguish between 126 probability states and to initialize the probability states associated with the different contexts according to a linear equation of the quantization parameter, wherein the entropy decoder is configured to, for each of the different contexts, derive a slope and an offset of the linear equation from first and second four bit parts of a respective 8 bit initialization value.

Context initialization in entropy coding

A video decoder is configured to decode a plurality of video frames which are subdivided into a set of one or more slices. The decoder evaluates slice type information indicating whether a slice is encoded using an independent coding mode having no prediction of video content of a current frame on the basis of a video content of a previous frame, or using a single-predictive mode having a prediction of a block of pixels on the basis of one block of pixels of a previous frame, or using a bi-predictive mode having a prediction of a block of pixels on the basis of two or more blocks of pixels of one or more previous frames, to select a mode of operation for decoding a slice. The video decoder includes an arithmetic decoder for providing a decoded binary sequence on the basis of an encoded representation of the binary sequence.

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Berlin, Germany

Heiner Kirchhoffer