Kernforschungsanlage Julich Gesellschaft MIT Beschrankter Haftung

Kernforschungsanlage Julich Gesellschaft

Heiko Barnert

Rudolf Schulten

Jiri Divisek

Wolfgang Faul

Bernd D Struck

Walter Weirich

Michael Oertel

Manfred Schafer

Mieczyslaw Perec

A process and apparatus for convertion of steam and hydrocarbon, or steam and coal, into a product gas which contains hydrogen. The conversion rate is augmented by effective extraction and removal of hydrogen as and when hydrogen is generated. Within a reaction vessel wherein the conversion takes place, a chamber for collection of hydrogen is formed by the provision of a hydrogen-permeable membrane. The chamber is provided with a hydrogen extraction means and houses a support structure, for example, in the form of a mesh providing structural support to the membrane. The membrane may be of a pleated or corrugated construction, so as to provide an enlarged surface for the membrane to facilitate hydrogen extraction. Also, to further facilitate hydrogen extraction, a hydrogen partial pressure differential is maintained across the membrane, such as, for example, by the counter pressure of an inert gas. A preferred configuration for the apparatus of the invention is a tubular construction which houses generally tubular hydrogen extraction chambers.

Process and apparatus for conversion of water vapor with coal or

A nuclear energy installation having at least one gas collecting chamber so divided through the intermediary of separator walls that the gas conduits and/or gas distributors of each cooling gas circuit discharge into an isolated or separate gas chamber which, through one or more pressure-compensating apertures with a collective high flow resistance in comparison with the flow resistance of the remaining gas conduits and gas distributors, is connected with at least one further gas chamber of the same gas collecting chamber whereby the separator walls evidence a stiffness or rigidity enabling them to withstand the pressure differentials which are produced between the gas chambers upon the rupture of a pressure-supporting wall structure or gas conduits.

Nuclear energy installation having a gas-cooled reactor core

A method of generating oxygen and hydrogen from water in which an acidic electrolyte containing formaldehyde is electrolyzed and produces oxygen and a gas which contains a low molecular-weight hydrocarbon. The low molecular-weight hydrocarbon is subjected to a catalytic conversion with water to produce synthesis gas consisting predominantly of hydrogen and carbon monoxide which are reacted to yield methanol. The methanol, in turn, is reacted to produce formaldehyde which is introduced into the electrolysis itself and hydrogen which is recovered.

Method of generating hydrogen and oxygen from water

A method of recovering hydrogen and oxygen from water. Water and sulfur dide are supplied to, and hydrogen and sulfuric acid are removed from, a galvanic or electrolytic cell. Hydrogen ions are electrochemically liberated by anodic oxidation of the supplied sulfur dioxide accompanied by decomposition of the water and formation of sulfuric acid in the anolyte, and hydrogen gas is electrolytically generated at the cathode from the hydrogen ions. To evaporate water, electrolytic solution is removed from the anode chamber of the galvanic cell. The anode chamber is separated from the cathode chamber by means of a membrane. After the ensuing evaporation, the thus formed anhydride of the sulfuric acid is decomposed by being heated, and is accompanied by the formation of oxygen and sulfur dioxide gas. The sulfur dioxide is oxidized at a carbon and/or graphite anode in the presence of very small quantities, e.g. a minimum of 0.005% by weight, of hydriodic acid in the anolyte. The hydriodic acid which is found in that portion of the electrolyte which is removed from the anode chamber is evaporated together with the water. The evaporated water, together with the evaporated hydriodic acid, are again supplied to the anode chamber.

Method of recovering hydrogen and oxygen from water

A method of producing hydrogen and oxygen by splitting water in a thermocical cycle, according to which in a first method stage a gas mixture of from 1 to 50 parts by volume of steam and 2 parts by volume of sulfur dioxide is reacted at a temperature within the temperature range of from 200.degree. to 400.degree. C with an oxide of one of the metals manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc or cadmium for forming a metal sulfate and for freeing hydrogen gas. Thereupon the hydrogen gas is in a manner known per se separated from the residual gas mixture and in a second method stage after conversion of the metal oxide to a metal sulfate, the metal sulfate for purposes of decomposition or disintegration and for forming a metal oxide, sulfur dioxide gas and oxygen gas, is heated to a temperature within the temperature range of from 700.degree. to 1000.degree. C. Thereupon the oxygen gas is separated from the sulfur dioxide gas in a manner known per se.

Process of producing hydrogen and oxygen from H.sub.2 O in a

What follows is a description of a unique arrangement forming safety equipment for installations containing a medium under pressure. The safety equipment includes a wall of the installation whose thickness is reduced in a predetermined region relative to the remaining region of the wall and an element disposed within the installation which extends over and beyond the reduced thickness region of the installation wall. The element is provided with bulges at its ends which define along with the inner surface of the installation wall a reduced flow cross section. This reduced flow cross section is chosen so that the pressure prevailing during normal operation in the space defined by the inner surface of the installation wall and that portion of the element between the bulges is the same as the pressure prevailing in the installation.

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Julich, Germany

Heiko Barnert