Other

Applied Coatings International, Inc.

Battelle Development Corporation

Battelle Memorial Institute

Omnimax Energy Corporation

Harry A Beale

Stephen Dylan Berry

Roy F Wielonski

Sonia Leigh Berry

Joshua Todd Andrew Beale

James Malcolm Beale

A sign system for roads includes a back sign. The back sigh has a mount affixed to the ground that is adjacent to a road. A back sign device is affixed to the mount. The mount has a front face that is visible to oncoming traffic. The back sign device is located on a rear face visible to traffic that has passed the back sign, wherein a driver may observe the back sign device in a mirror mounted upon their vehicle after passing the back sign device and the back sign provides information to the driver. The sign system for roads may further include a broadcasting unit. The broadcasting unit may be in communication with a receiving unit being positioned in a vehicle and is adapted to communicate with the driver. When the driver of said vehicle approaches the back sign, the receiving unit can alert the driver of additional information.

Sign system for roads

A glass sheet is provided with a coating which will automatically reflect infrared radiation if the ambient temperature is above about 45.degree. F.-60.degree. F. Such a coating is placed on the exterior surface of the glass. Additionally, the interior of the glass may be provided with a controllable infrared transmittable or reflective layer of material which is activated by means of an electric current transmitted therethrough and which will reflect infrared energy if so energized, but otherwise will transmit such infrared energy. This layer of material is preferably placed on the interior of the glass surface and activated during the nighttime period so that infrared energy is not transmitted outwardly. Alternatively, the controllable infrared transmittable or reflective layer of material may be positioned both on the exterior and interior of the glass surface.

Glass having controllable infrared transmission

A glass sheet is provided with a coating which will automatically reflect infrared radiation if the ambient temperature is above about 45.degree. F.-60.degree. F. and will transmit infrared radiation if it is below about 45.degree. F.-60.degree. F. Such a coating is placed on the exterior surface of the glass. Additionally, the interior of the glass may be provided with a controllable infrared transmittable or reflective layer of material which is activated by means of an electric current transmitted therethrough and which will reflect infrared energy if so energized, but otherwise will transmit such infrared energy. This layer of material is preferably placed on the interior of the glass surface and activated during the nighttime period so that infrared energy is not transmitted outwardly. Alternatively, the controllable infrared transmittable or reflective layer of material may be positioned both on the exterior and interior of the glass surface.

A monomer which would normally be clear and transparent upon polymerization is co-deposited with silver halide particles of extremely small particle size onto transparent glass or plastic by plasma polymerization or glow discharge polymerization. The resultant coated glass or plastic material will exhibit photochromic behavior and may be used in the manufacture of eyeglasses, architectural glass, or glass for automobile windows or windshields.

Method of coating a substrate

Cubic boron nitride is deposited on a substrate by an activated reactive evaporation method involving heating a substrate in a vacuum, evaporating metal vapors into a zone between the substrate and the metals source, said source consisting of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of the elements chromium, nickel, cobalt, aluminum, and manganese; introducing a boron and nitrogen containing gas into the zone, such as borazene (B.sub.3 N.sub.3 H.sub.6), a mixture of diborane and nitrogen, or a mixture of boron trichloride and ammonia, for example, and generating an electrical field in the zone in order to ionize the metal vapors and gas atoms in the zone with an electrically negative bias impressed on the substrate, the value of the bias depending upon the particular activated reactive evaporation process utilized, whereby cubic boron is produced containing from 0.05 percent to 5.0 percent of one or more of the aforesaid elements. Pure nitrogen gas may also be co-admitted as a carrier gas so as to enable operation at higher gas flows.

Cubic boron nitride preparation utilizing a boron and nitrogen bearing

Photochromic material, its method of manufacture, and products produced

A thermopile formed of conductor elements of dissimilar materials, the junctions of the dissimilar materials being much larger in cross-section than the normal cross-sectional area of the conductor elements, and junctions in one temperature zone being much larger than the corresponding junctions in the other temperature zone. If the thermopile is used to generate electricity, the heated junctions will be much larger in cross-section than the normal cross-sectional area of the conductor elements and they will also be much larger in cross-section than the junctions in the cooler zone. If the thermopile is to be used as a cooling device rather than an electric generating device and electricity is applied to the thermopile, then the cold junctions will be much larger in cross-section than the warm junctions and the cold junction cross-sectional area will also be much larger than the cross-sectional area of conductor elements of the thermopile. In a variation of the thermopile the conductor elements are made of materials which are dissimilar to the larger cross-sectional area junctions and to each other. Also, the junctions having a smaller cross-sectional area may be made of materials dissimilar to the materials from which the conductor elements are made. A method of making such thermopiles utilizing thin-film technology is also shown.

High-efficiency thermopile

The invention provides a method of coating a surface 21 of a substrate 20, or of an article, of a material, such as glass, metal, ceramic, cloth or the like, with a colored film-like polymeric coating 22 consisting essentially of a plasma formed polymer matrix 23 containing therein particulates 24. The method comprises introducing plasma-polymerizable material through at least one conduit 30 into the interior region 14 of an appropriate apparatus 10, 35, or 39 in which region 14 there is maintained an electrical discharge conducive to plasma polymerize the introduced material and deposit it on surface 21 concurrently with a depositing therewith of the particulates 24, or color centers, of a size and in a distribution adapted through selective scattering and adsorption of light to provide a desired color while the substrate 20 contacts, or is, a cathode element 19 maintained at an electrical potential conducive for the depositing. Preferably the particulates are opaque and colloidal and provided by thermal evaporation employing a filament resistance heater 29, inductively heated evaporation source means 36, or an electron beam evaporator means 40.

Preparation of colored polymeric film-like coating

Cubic boron nitride is deposited on a substrate by an activated reactive evaporation method involving heating a substrate in a vacuum, evaporating metal vapors into a zone between the substrate and the metals source, said source consisting of pure boron or boron and a material selected from the group consisting of the elements chromium, nickel, cobalt, and manganese co-evaporated, or an alloy consisting essentially of from 0.1 weight percent to 5.0 weight percent of at least one of the elements chromium, nickel, cobalt, and manganese, the balance being boron, introducing ammonia gas into the zone, and generating an electrical field in the zone in order to ionize the metal vapors and gas atoms in the zone.

Cubic boron nitride preparation

Cubic boron nitride is deposited on a substrate by an activated reactive evaporation method involving heating a substrate in a vacuum, evaporating metal vapors into a zone between the substrate and the metals source, said source consisting of pure boron, or boron and a material selected from the group consisting of the elements chromium, nickel, cobalt, and manganese co-evaporated, or an alloy consisting essentially of from 0.1 weight percent to 5.0 weight percent of at least one of the elements chromium, nickel, cobalt, and manganese, the balance being boron, or an alloy consisting essentially of at least 60 percent by weight to the balance of boron with from 0.2 to 12 percent by weight of aluminum, and at least 0.2 to 24 percent by weight of at least one of cobalt, nickel, manganese, or other aluminide forming element; introducing nitrogen gas into the zone, and generating an electrical field in the zone in order to ionize the metal vapors and gas atoms in the zone with an electrically negative bias impressed on the substrate, the value of the bias depending upon the particular activated reactive evaporation process utilized.

Cubic boron nitride preparation utilizing nitrogen gas

A deposit of cubic boron nitride is placed on a substrate by an activated reactive evaporation method. The method includes: supporting and heating a substrate in vacuum; evaporating metal vapors into a zone between the substrate and a metals alloy source, said source consisting essentially of at least 60 percent by weight to balance of boron with from 2 to 12 percent by weight of aluminum and at least 0.2 to 24 percent by weight of at least one of cobalt, nickel, manganese, or other aluminide forming element; introducing ammonia gas into the zone; and generating an electrical field in the zone for ionizing the metal vapors and gas atoms in the zone. In the method the substrate generally is heated to a temperature of at least 300.degree. C. with preferred substrate temperatures between about 500.degree. C. and 1100.degree. C., the ammonia gas pressure preferably is about 1.times.10.sup.-4 torr to 8.times.10.sup.-3 torr, and a plasma activation in the zone desirably may be provided by employing a deflection electrode maintained at a positive voltage potential and positioned between the substrate and the source of evaporating metal vapors.

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Columbus, OH, United States of America

Harry A Beale