Siemens-albis, Ag

Siemens Schweiz Ag

Siemens Switzerland Ag

Hanspeter Kupfer

Alfred Lauper

Max Loder

Alfred Grau

Daniel Rieder

The process is used for suppressing the effect of signals that are received or sent via side lobes of an antenna (PA; HA) of an amplitude or phase monopulse radar device, in which for the purpose of position measurement of a first and, if need be, a second target (T1, T2) detected by the radar beam, three illumination functions Je(Lx), Jk(Lx) and Js(Lx) for the antenna (PA; HA) are provided for each measurement axis, as well as antenna functions Fe(X), Fk(X), and Fs(X) resulting from them. The first, second, and third illumination functions Je(Lx); Jk(Lx), and Js(Lx) are selected in this connection so that a quotient function Qe(X)=Fe(X)/Fs(X) or Qk(X)=Fk(X)/Fs(X), which is linearly or quadratically dependent on the target direction, is produced by normalizing the first and the second antenna functions Fe(X); Fk(X) with the third antenna function Fs(X). The power of this quotient is compared with at least one threshold value th.sub.e or th.sub.k that is selected in accordance with the magnitude of the main antenna lobe, and when the threshold value th.sub.e or th.sub.k is exceeded, the effect of the received signal is suppressed. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the provision is made that the zero points of the antenna functions Fe(X), Fk(X), and Fs(X) are shifted slightly in relation to one another.

Process for side lobe suppression and amplitude or phase monopulse radar

Process and amplitude or phase monopulse radar device for locating

A method and apparatus for conducting a conference call among a plurality of subscriber stations. Each subscriber station contains a transmitter, a receiver, and an auxiliary receiver. An output of the auxiliary receiver can be selectively connected to an adding member that is located between a microphone and an input of the transmitter. The subscriber stations establishing the conference call connection form a transmission chain. Each subscriber station involved in the conference call, with the exception of the first subscriber station on the transmission chain, receive a user signal of a preceding subscriber station. The user signal of the preceding subscriber station is added to its own user signal to produce a compound signal that is transmitted to the next subscriber station on the transmission chain. A compound signal created in the last subscriber station of the transmission chain is supplied to the receiver of all the subscriber stations on the transmission chain. Each subscriber station can also function as a transition station to permit the making of a conference call to subscriber stations located on another transmission network. Various transmission mediums, such as a wireless system or a line-guided system, can be employed. If a line-guided transmission system is used, the transmitters and receivers of the subscriber stations are inductively coupled to the line.

Apparatus and method for transmitting messages between a plurality of

A frequency synthesizing device generates periodic electrical oscillations of a frequency that can be arbitrarily determined, in which, after changing the frequency and resetting it to any desired value that has previously been generated, phase coherence is maintained. In addition to the elements of a direct digital frequency synthesizing device, the arrangement according to the invention has a time measuring unit (ZME) and a control logic (SL). The time measuring unit (ZME) periodically counts through a time interval from t=0 to t=t.sub.z and transmits the count status or a time signal to the computing system (R). The frequencies f.sub.i to be emitted and the time interval from t=0 to t=t.sub.z are chosen in such a manner that the phases of all the frequencies f.sub.i take on a constant value at the time t=0. This makes it possible to compute the coherent starting phase .phi..sub.N, so that the new frequency f.sub.N can be generated, with phase coherence, as of the time t.sub.N, even after one or more changes of frequency.

Frequency synthesizing device

A method and apparatus for automatic suppression of weather echoes or clutter which can disturbingly appear, apart from the flying target-Doppler signal as further Doppler signals in a pulse Doppler-tracking radar device containing quadrature channels, wherein there is regulated the frequency of the Doppler signals or the phase relationship between the Doppler signals and a reference signal derived from the transmitted signal.

Method and apparatus for suppressing clutter

A method and apparatus for measuring the distance between a primary station and a secondary station, each having an antenna for transmitting and receiving continuous wave signals, modulated by a measuring signal, the distance being determined at the primary station as a magnitude proportional to the quotient of the phase difference between the measuring signals of the transmitted and the received signals and the measuring signal frequency. The primary station transmits a continuous wave signal modulated by a measuring signal which in turn can be frequency modulated by the measuring signal frequency. At the secondary station this modulated continuous wave signal is additionally modulated by a marking signal and reflected to the primary station as the receiving signal. At the primary station there is obtained from the filtered mixed product from the signal reflected by the secondary station and a local oscillator signal of the primary station a useful signal which is freed of the continuous wave frequency and the measuring signal frequency. There is obtained from the useful signal by amplitude demodulation an evaluation signal freed from the marking signal frequency. The evaluation signal which is dependent upon the phase difference between the measuring signals of the transmitted and received signals is employed in a regulation circuit for a change of the mean measuring signal frequency of the measuring signal of the transmitted signal such that the mean phase difference between the measuring signals of the transmitted signals and the reflected signals assumes a predetermined value at its steady-state condition.

Method and apparatus for measuring the distance between a primary

A semiconductor-oscillator comprising a logic circuit having at least one active element, the one input of which is connected by means of a resistor with an inverting output and the same input is connected by a capacitor with a non-inverting output.

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Birmensdorf, Switzerland

Hanspeter Kupfer