Ciba-geigy Corporation

Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation

Hans Zweifel

Daniel Bellus

Vratislav Kvita

Angelo Storni

Walter Schilling

Walter Fischer

Martin Roth

Kurt Meier

Louis Felder

Joseph Berger

John S Waterhouse

Niklaus Baumann

Marcus Baumann

Hans H Bosshard

Jurgen Finter

Hermann Rempfler

George E Green

Gerd Greber

Bruno Rotzinger

Martin Riediker

Ewald Losert

Erich Kramer

Sigrid Bauer

Thomas Schmutz

John G Paul

Giuliano Eugster

Marcus Bauman

Franz Schwarzenbach

Polyolefin mouldings which have excellent stability on permanent contact with extracting media comprise, as stabilizers, a selected mixture comprising an organic phosphite or phosphonite and a specially selected group of sterically hindered phenols or a certain group of sterically hindered amines. In addition, a selected three-component mixture comprising a phosphite or phosphonite, a phenolic antioxidant and a certain group of sterically hindered amines is particularly suitable as stabilizer for polyolefin moldings which are in permanent contact with extracting media.

Process for stabilization of polyolefins in permanent contact with extracting media

Hardenable composition and its use

Cationically polymerizable compositions containing iron metallolene salt

Iron (II)-aromatic compound complexes mixed with electron acceptors as an oxidizing agent are suitable initiators for the polymerization by irradiation of organic material which can be polymerized by cations and/or free radicals. The composition composed of the polymerizable material and of the initiator mixture is suitable for the production of protective coatings and can be used as a photographic recording material.

Curable composition and the use thereof

Titanocenes with .pi.-cyclopentadienyl ligands, in which one or two carbocyclic or heterocyclic aromatic rings are bonded to the metal, the aromatic rings being substituted in at least one of the two ortho-positions relative to the metal-carbon bonds by CF.sub.2 Z (Z=F or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl), are suitable as photoinitiators for the photopolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds. They are distinguished by a high radiation sensitivity, stability to air and thermal effects, and high effectiveness in the range from UV light to visible light.

Titanocenes and a radiation-polymerizable composition containing these

Novel xanthones and thioxanthones of the formula I ##STR1## in which A, X, Y, Z, E and E' are as defined in patent claim 1, are described. A is preferably --S-- and E and E' are preferably bonded in the ortho-position relative to one another. The compounds (I) are suitable, for example, as sensitizers for photocrosslinkable polymers or photocurable compositions, or for use in mixtures with polymers with H donor groups for image formation, in particular electrically conductive coatings and patterns, by means of electroless deposition of metals.

Thioxanthone derivatives

A process for the production of a protective layer or a relief image on a substrate, wherein a radiation-sensitive layer, consisting of a solid film-forming epoxy resin containing a photoinitiator, which can be activated by radiation, for the polyaddition reaction, is transferred from a support to a substrate, then exposed directly or under a photomask and hardened by the action of heat, after which, if appropriate, the unexposed parts are developed with a solvent. The process is suitable, for example, for the production of printed circuits, solder resist masks and offset printing plates.

Thermally transferable layers of radiation sensitive epoxy resins used

Thioxanthone carboxylic acid esters, thioesters and amides with reactive functional groups of the formula ##STR1## in which X, Y, Z, n and Q are as defined in the patent claim and Q is, for example, --OCH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --OCH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --SCH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --NHCH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 (n=1), --OH, --SH, --NH.sub.2, --COOH, --COCl or --OCO--C(R').dbd.CH.sub.2, in which R' is methyl or hydrogen (n=2), are suitable for the preparation of polymers with thioxanthone radicals in side chains. The compounds (I) and also the polymers which can be prepared therefrom can be employed as sensitizers for photocrosslinkable polymers or as initiators, if desired in a mixture with amines, for the photopolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds or for the photochemical crosslinking of polyolefines.

Thioxanthonecarboxylic acids, esters thioesters and amides with reactive

Novel xanthones and thioxanthones

Novel tetrasubstituted phthalic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## are described, in which Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 are oxygen and Y is ##STR2## or --O--, or one of Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 is oxygen and the other is .dbd.N--R' and Y is --O--, and m, n, X, R, R' and R' are as defined in claim 1. The compounds (I) are suitable as sensitizers for photocrosslinkable polymers or as initiators for the photopolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds or for the photochemical crosslinking of polyolefins.

Tetrasubstituted phthalic acid derivatives, and a process for their

Thioxanthonecarboxylic acid esters, thioesters or amides of the formula I ##STR1## in which X and Z are hydrogen or one of the substituents defined in more detail in claim 1 and Y is --OR.sub.1, --SR.sub.1 or --N(R.sub.1)(R.sub.2), in which R.sub.1 is C.sub.1-24 alkyl and R.sub.2 is H or R.sub.1, are suitable, if desired together with amines, as initiators for the photopolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds or for photochemical crosslinking of polyolefines. They are also used as sensitizers for photocrosslinkable polymers. They can be prepared by methods known per se, for example by cyclization of phenylthio-phthalic, -isophthalic or -terephthalic acids, which can be correspondingly substituted, and subsequent reaction with suitable alcohols, thiols or amines.

Thioxanthonecarboxylic acid esters, thioesters and amides

Thioxanthonecarboxylic acid esters, thioesters or amides of the formula I ##STR1## in which X and Z are hydrogen or one of the substituents defined in more detail in claim 1 and Y is --OR.sub.1, --SR.sub.1 or --N(R.sub.1)(R.sub.2), in which R.sub.1 is C.sub.1-24 alkyl and R.sub.2 is H or R.sub.1, are suitable, if desired together with amines, as initiators for the photopolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds or for photochemical crosslinking of polyolefines. They are also used an sensitizers for photocrosslinkable polymers. They can be prepared by methods known per se, for example by cyclization of phenylthio-phthalic, -isophthalic or -terephthalic acids, which can be correspondingly substituted, and subsequent reaction with suitable alcohols, thiols or amines.

Anhydrides of formula V ##STR1## where A' is --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, and R and R.sub.1 independently of one another are hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or methoxy are valuable intermediates for the preparation of tricyclic imidyl derivatives. These imidyl derivatives form photocrosslinkable polymers useful for making printing plates and photoresists.

6,7-Dihydro-5H-benzocycloheptene-8,9-dicarboxylic acid anhydrides

Anhydrides of formula V ##STR1## where A' is --OCH.sub.2 -- with the oxygen atom bonded to the aromatic ring and R and R.sub.1 independently of one another are hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or methoxy are valuable intermediates for the preparation of tricyclic imidyl derivatives. These imidyl derivatives form photocrosslinkable polymers useful for making printing plates and photoresists.

2,3-Dihydro-1-benzoxepine-4,5-dicarboxylic acid anhydrides

Novel compounds of the formula II ##STR1## are described, in which M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 individually are --OH or together are --O--, X is --NO.sub.2, --OR', --SR' or SO.sub.2 R' and the (R')s independently of one another are C.sub.1-20 -alkyl, C.sub.3-5 -alkenyl, C.sub.3-5 -alkynyl, C.sub.2-4 -monohydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-12 -halogenoalkyl, benzyl, C.sub.5-12 -cycloalkyl, phenyl, carboxyphenyl, halogenophenyl, nitrophenyl, alkyl- or alkoxy-phenyl each having 1-4 C atoms in the alkyl or alkoxy moieties, or acetylaminophenyl, such as for example 3-n-butylthio-5-nitrophthalic anhydride. The compounds (II) in which M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 together are --O-- are suitable as sensitizers for photo-crosslinkable polymers or as initiators for the photopolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds or for the photochemical crosslinking of polyolefins, and those where M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 are --OH are useful intermediates for those wherein M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 together are --O--.

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Basel, Switzerland

Hans Zweifel