Other

Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd.

Sds-electro Gmbh

Hans Sauer

Wolf Steinbichler

Sepp Antonitsch

Kenji Ono

August Winsel

Heinz Ritter

Hiromi Nishimura

Kazuhiro Nobutoki

Fumihiro Kasano

Yukihiro Kondo

Tetsuo Mori

Yoichi Isobe

Takashi Takada

Humihiro Kasano

The invention pertains to linear electrochemical functional elements which have strip-shaped ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) and/or hydrogen-diffusion electrodes accessible at the ends which are enclosed on all sides in an insulating manner by a jacket of a solid material. The invention describes the structure, production, and use of the functional elements in electrochemical measuring techniques. In one embodiment, a charge state indicator is created by the incorporation of a lead/lead sulfate half-cell into a lead/lead oxide cell. This coupling takes place via a linear functional element in the form of an installed ion-exchanger membrane. It makes it possible to measure three voltage values on the cell and to evaluate them in order to determine the current charge state by conventional methods.

Linear electrochemical conductor element

The invention pertains to linear electrochemical functional elements which consist of strip-shaped ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) and/or hydrogen-diffusion electrodes accessible at the ends which are enclosed on all sides in an insulating manner by a jacket of a solid material. The invention describes the structure, production and use of the functional elements in electrochemical measuring techniques.

Linear electro chemical conductor element, process for its manufacture

A relay driving circuit for a latch-in type magnetic relay having an excitation coil, generating a set current and a reset current of opposite polarity for the coil. A capacitor is provided between the input terminals of the circuit in series with the coil. A set switch is connected in series with the coil and the capacitor, and a reset switch is connected across the series combination. An input voltage level detector is provided to make the set switch conductive, thereby applying the input voltage to the excitation coil and the capacitor to provide the set current. As the input voltage decreases below the trigger level, the detector makes the reset switch conductive to allow the capacitor to discharge current in the opposite direction through the excitation coil. The circuit includes a disable switch responsive to the capacitor being charged to a voltage level sufficient to provide the reset current, the disable switch setting the set switch to a non-conductive state to thereby prevent the capacitor voltage from being reversely applied.

Relay driving circuit for a latch-in relay

An electromagnetic relay includes an armature 1 supported in a central longitudinal bore 12 of a one-part bobbin 2 by means of a bearing which includes a first pair of curved bearing surfaces 1a, 1b, formed on the armature 1 and engaging a second pair of supplementarily curved bearing surfaces 2a, 2b, formed in the bore walls. The first bearing surfaces 1a, 1b may be either cylindrical in which case cylindrical second bearing surfaces 2a, 2b are formed in ribs 2c, 2d projecting inwardly from opposite bore walls, or spherical in which case spherical second bearing surfaces are formed directly in opposite bobbin walls.

Armature mounting for an electromagnetic relay

A getter for use in a sealed contact chamber consists of a porous getter material which acts to adsorb substances which could create resistive films on electrical contacts. By disposing such a getter within the contact chamber of a switching device, such as an electromagnetic relay, molecules of, for instance, organic compounds, may be selectively and over long terms adsorbed to the getter and thus kept away from the contacts. The selective adsorption of such molecules is achieved by a porous getter material in which the majority of the pores have diameters greater than 3 nm and smaller than 100 nm, with the mean value of pore diameter ranging from about 7 nm to about 20 nm. The getter material may be substantially Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Getter and electrical switching system using such getter

In an electromagnetic relay, an armature block serving to actuate contact springs includes a pair of armatures and a permanent magnet disposed therebetween to magnetize the armatures to opposite polarities. Pole ends of a yoke carrying the excitation flux created by the relay coil extend between free ends of the armatures. The armature block is suspended by means of a resilient arm integrally formed with the block at one side thereof and having its outer end fixed to a bearing portion, so that a rocking motion of the armature block is achieved by a flexing motion of the resilient arm.

Electromagnetic relay

A polarized electromagnetic relay includes two contact springs extending substantially parallel to each other. One of the contact springs forms a movable contact for cooperation with a fixed contact. In the contacting condition, the free ends of the contact springs touch each other. A first actuator portion of a relay armature serves to move the contact springs into the contacting position, and a second actuator portion serves to move the contact springs in the opposite direction to open the contact. The ratio of the spring lengths between the second actuator portion and the movable contact, divided by the thickness of this length of contact spring is smaller than the ratio of the spring lengths between the first actuator portion and the touching location of the two contact springs, divided by the thickness of this length of contact spring. A contact spring arrangement is thereby achieved in which an essential portion of the permanent-magnetic pull of the armature is stored in the contact springs as the contact force. At the same time, a positive and forced contact opening is achieved with a contact clearance unaffected by contact spring bending.

Polarized electromagnetic relay

A polarized reed relay comprises a bobbin with a coil wound thereon, two ferromagnetic contact reeds extending through an interior passage of the bobbin, a permanent magnet, and two pairs of pole shoes. Each contact reed is fixed at one end and has its other, free end cooperating with fixed contact portions formed by a pair of pole shoes. A relay is thus provided in which two double-throw contact systems electrically insulated from each other may be operated absolutely synchronously.

Polarized reed relay

A contact spring arrangement for an electromagnetic relay includes a contact spring forming at least one movable contact for cooperation with a fixed contact, and an actuator which embraces the contact spring and has a first portion for moving the movable contact towards the fixed contact, thereby closing the contact couple, and a second portion for withdrawing the movable contact from the fixed contact, thereby opening the contact couple. The actuator is so shaped that the distance between the location at which the first actuator portion engages the contact spring and the contacting location of the contact couple is greater than the distance between the location at which the second actuator portion engages the contact spring and the said contacting location. As a result, in the closed condition of the contact pair, the first actuator portion will be able to bend the contact spring to provide sufficient resilient contact force, whereas, in the opening of the contact couple, the second actuator portion will entrain the contact spring with very little resiliency of the contact spring, thus tending to tear the contact couple apart even in case sticking or welding should have occurred between the fixed and movable contacts.

Contact spring arrangement for an electromagnetic relay

Circuit arrangements for the control of a bistable relay having a capacitor connected in series with its excitation winding, in which the series connection of coil and capacitor is connected to excitation voltage for the excitation of the relay and simultaneous charging of the capacitor, and, upon absence of excitation voltage, is short-circuitable through a semiconductor switch having its output circuit parallel-connected with the series connection of coil and capacitor, whereby the relay switches back to its starting position.

Circuit arrangement for the control of a bistable relay

An electromagnetic relay comprises a coil bobbin of plastic material defining a protective tube, a contact chamber and a magnet chamber which together form a space that extends the entire length of the bobbin and is initially open at both ends. A permanent magnet is disposed in the magnet chamber, serving to seal one end of the space. This magnet has a surface exposed to the contact chamber and is made of a material activatable as a getter. A contact actuator is mounted to extend along the protective tube with a free end extending into the contact chamber. A pair of pole shoes each have a first end in proximity to the permanent magnet and a second end extending into the contact chamber. These second ends form fixed contacts for cooperating with the free end of the contact actuator. After assembly of these parts the space is subjected to a vacuum and an elevated temperature to drive off moisture and activate the getter. The vacuum is then replaced with an atmosphere of a protective gas, and the other end of the space is sealed with a closure.

Method of manufacturing an electromagnetic relay

An electromagnetic relay consists of a structural member that defines a longitudinal plane and forms an interior protective space. Part of the member is a bobbin with a coil mounted on it situated around the space. The space extends the entire length of the member which is open at both ends. Fixed contacts extend into the protective space and a contact actuator is mounted in the space so as to extend along the bobbin while having a free end in proximity to the fixed contacts for cooperation therewith. Terminals are connected to the coil, to the actuator and to the fixed contacts. These terminals are embedded in and extending outwardly from the structural member on opposite sides thereof in the longitudinal plane. An outer protective casing is formed of two casing members sealed together generally in this plane, the casing and the structural member together forming a seal around each terminal. The open ends of the structural member are sealed. At one such end this seal is achieved by mutually cooperating surfaces of the structural member and the casing members.

An electromagnetic relay comprises a coil bobbin of plastic material defining a protective tube, a contact chamber and a magnet chamber which together form a space that extends the entire length of the bobbin and is initially open at both ends. A permanent magnet is disposed in the magnet chamber, serving to seal one end of the space. This magnet has a surface exposed to the contact chamber and is made of a material activatable as a getter. A contact actuator is mounted to extend along the protective tube with a free end extending into the contact chamber. A pair of pole shoes each have a first end in proximity to the permanent magnet and a second end extending into the contact chamber. These second ends form fixed contacts for cooperation with the free end of the contact actuator. After assembly of these parts the space is subjected to a vacuum and an elevated temperature to drive off moisture and activate the getter. The vacuum is then replaced with an atmosphere of a protective gas, and the other end of the space is sealed with a closure.

Electromagnetic relay and the manufacture thereof

A carrier for circuit elements comprises a frame member of insulating material having terminals embedded in it. These terminals have interior portions for connection to circuit elements mounted within the carrier and exterior portions emerging from opposite sides of the frame member in a single plane. Two housing caps are mounted on the frame member to enclose it and the circuit elements.

Carrier for circuit elements having contact-making terminals

An electromagnetic relay is disclosed comprising within its coil bobbin a magnetic core, the ends of which extend substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the bobbin so as to form pole shoes projecting from the coil bobbin and having mutually aligned pole faces and further comprising an armature which is disposed externally of the coil bobbin between the pole shoes of the magnet core and which is pivotally mounted for rotation about one of its centroid axes, said one axis extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the bobbin. Contact terminals are disposed on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the coil and are positively located by embedment in a contact carrier, the coil bobbin and the contact carrier extending substantially over the entire length of the coil bobbin and being provided with engaging means for the mutual positioning and retaining of the contact carrier and coil bobbin. The contact terminals have associated therewith prelocated contact springs arranged within the relay, the forces exerted by the contact springs interacting through the armature and including bearing means for the armature provided substantially centrally of the coil between the pole shoes.

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Deisenhofen, Germany

Hans Sauer