Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft

Hans-Joachim Schmidt

Friedrich Wunder

Hans Fernholz

Ernst I Leupold

Hans-Jurgen Arpe

Horst Hachenberg

Gunter Roscher

Hans Krekeler

Heinz Schmitz

Klaus Unger

G/u/ Nter Roscher

Knut Popp

Unsaturated esters of carboxylic acids are prepared by reacting olefines or cycloolefines with carboxylic acids and oxygen in the gaseous phase in the presence of a catalyst containing noble metal salts or noble metals of the VIII.sup.th group of the Periodic System and alcali metal salts and/or alcaline earth metal salts, as activators the content of noble metal being in the range of from 1.2 to 5% by weight and the proportion of the metal fraction of each individual activator to the noble metal content being in the range of from 0.5 to 1 to 3:1.

Process for the manufacture of unsaturated esters of carboxylic acids

A method for making a mixture containing acetic acid, acetaldehyde, and ethanol as the pricipal products, which process comprises reacting carbon monoxide and hydrogen at an elevated temperature and at an elevated pressure in the presence of a supported catalyst prepared by impregnating a carrier with a salt or complex of rhodium and, as a promotor, with at least one non-oxidic compound of an element having an atomic number of 21, 39, or 58 to 71.

Process for the manufacture of acetic acid, acetaldehyde and ethanol

The invention relates to a process for reacting RO--CH.sub.2 --OR formaldehyde acetals with carbon monoxide in the liquid phase on an acid organic ion exchange material as catalyst. The main products are ether-esters, RO--CH.sub.2 --COOR, of hydroxyacetic acid (glycolic acid).

Process for carbonylating formaldehyde acetals

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of an ethyl ester from ethanol-containing mixtures of aliphatic alcohols, which comprises esterifying the alcohols with a carboxylic acid in the presence of an acid catalyst in a distilling column and separating in the same column the ethyl ester continuously from the ester mixture obtained. To this purpose, the alcohol mixture is introduced into the sump and the carboxylic acid is introduced into the column at a point located in the central part and the ethyl ester as well as the water formed during esterification are withdrawn continuously at the top of the column and the higher esters are withdrawn continuously at the sump.

Process for the preparation of an ethyl ester

Ethanol is manufactured by reaction of carbon monoxide with hydrogen on a supported rhodium catalyst containing as cocatalyst at least one of the elements zirconium, hafnium, lanthanum, platinum, chromium and mercury.

Process for the manufacture of ethanol from synthesis gas

The process according to the invention comprises silanizing an aluminum silicate and then heating the product to 300.degree. to 600.degree. C. in the presence of oxygen or of gases containing oxygen. A highly selective catalyst which can be regenerated very many times is thereby obtained.

Process for the preparation of an aluminum silicate catalyst for

The invention provides a process for the manufacture of acetic acid, acetic aldehyde and ethanol by reaction in the gaseous phase of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of catalysts containing rhodium and optionally promoters, at elevated temperature and pressure. In this process, the temperature is raised in the starting phase, where the catalyst is heated to the working temperature T.sub.R intended for continuous operation, in a range of from T.sub.O to T.sub.R, T.sub.O being 75.degree. to 125.degree. C. below T.sub.R, continuously or in steps of 10.degree. C. at most, in a period of time of from 100 to 1,000 hours; the temperature being raised by 10.degree. C. at most within any 10 hour interval.

Process for the manufacture of acetic acid, acetic aldehyde and ethanol

Olefins having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms are manufactured from methanol and/or dimethyl ether in the presence of water and a manganese-containing aluminum silicate catalyst. Before or after application of the manganese, the aluminum silicate is washed with a solution of ethylene-diaminetetraacetic acid or tartaric acid adjusted to a pH of from 3 to 7 by means of a base.

Process for the manufacture of lower olefins from methanol/water mixtures

Acetic acid, ethanol, acetaldehyde and possibly secondary products thereof are prepared by the catalytic reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The catalyst contains, applied onto a carrier, salts or complex compounds of rhodium with a valence below 3, halide ions and salts or complex compounds of magnesium.

Process for the manufacture of oxygen-containing carbon compounds from

Acetic acid, ethanol, acetic aldehyde and possibly the secondary products thereof are prepared by the catalytic reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The catalyst contains applied onto a carrier, metallic rhodium, halide ions and magnesium salts or complex compounds of magnesium or compounds of magnesium with oxides of elements from groups III to VI of the Periodic Table.

Process for the preparation of alkenyl esters of carboxylic acids in the gaseous phase from carboxylic acids, olefins and oxygen or oxygen containing gases in the presence of palladium carboxylate catalysts; the carboxylic acid concentration in the feed gas being lower in the starting period of the process than the intended final concentration, and subsequently being increased either continuously or stepwise until the final concentration is attained.

Process for the preparation of carboxylic acid alkenyl esters

Process for the manufacture of a molecular compound of sorbic acid -- potassium sorbate by means of crystallization from a solution of sorbic acid and potassium sorbate.

Process for the manufacture of an addition compound of sorbic acid and

A process for the preparation of a palladium catalyst for the oxacylation of olefins in the gaseous phase, which comprises impregnating a catalyst carrier with a solution of a palladium compound drying the catalyst at a temperature of below 90.degree. C until a residual solvent content of less than 8% by weight is attained, and reducing the impregnated catalyst with a gas mixture of inert gas and reducing agent.

Process for the preparation of a palladium catalyst

Process for regenerating palladium carrier catalysts for the oxacylation of olefins in the gaseous phase by treating the exhausted catalyst with a fatty acid blended with nitric oxides, nitric acid, peroxides or per-acids, by subsequent drying at temperatures below 90.degree. C and evaporation of the fatty acid to a residual content of below 8 weight %.

Process for regenerating palladium catalysts

Process for purifying sorbic acid by recrystallization from aqueous solutions of an alkali metal or ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid or phosphoric acid. Impurities may be eliminated in addition by means of an adsorption agent.

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Konigstein, Germany

Hans-Joachim Schmidt