Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Hans F Mahlein

Gerhard Winzer

Achim Reichelt

Peter Baues

Herbert Michel

Ulrich Wolff

Walter Rauscher

Hans Krueger

Jochen Heinen

Meinrad Schienle

Ralf T Kersten

Reinhard Maerz

Markus-Christian Amann

Bernhard Stegmueller

Wolfgang Thulke

Cornelius Cremer

Konrad Mathyssek

Reinhard Marz

Manfred Plihal

Peter Moeckel

Heinrich Schlotterer

Rudolf Oberbacher

Norbert Emeis

An integrated optical arrangement for multiplexing a plurality of different waveguide channels including a film waveguide disposed on a substrate having an arrangement for coupling a plurality of waveguide channels into the film waveguide, said film waveguide having a diffraction grating for separating the waveguide channels into a plurality of diffracted channels extending to a plurality of strip waveguides for conducting them from the film waveguide, and each of the strip waveguides having a photodetector in the form of an integrated diode for detecting the light being coupled from the film waveguide. The method includes providing a plurality of layers, removing the layers to form the diodes, further removing portions of the remaining layers to form the strip waveguides and film waveguides.

Integrated optical arrangement for demultiplexing a plurality of

A method for forming a three gate optical coupler, operating on a beam splitting principle, or a five gate optical coupler characterized by providing a carrier block having a pair of marks to define a line of a parting plane, creating a continuous branching waveguide structure having a waveguide node located adjacent to the parting plane of the carrier block by a ion exchange method, parting the carrier block in the parting plane, polishing the parted surfaces and forming a light transmitting optical layer, such as a frequency selective filter layer on a polished surface, then rejoining the two parts with the waveguides aligned. The method is particularly useful in forming three gate and five gate frequency multiplexers/demultiplexers, which have a continuous light waveguide structure except in the location of the frequency selective filter layer.

Light waveguide coupler having three or more gates and utilizing the

An arrangement for controlling or regulating the emission wavelength and emitted optical power of a semiconductor laser is provided in optically integrated fashion. The optical power of the laser is at least partially supplied to an optical detector device and to a wavelength selective optical filter device. That part of the supplied power which passes through the filter device is conducted to another opto-electrical detector device. As a result of the two diodes, the optical power and the emission wavelength of the laser are simultaneously measured, whereby two control signals for the injection current of the laser are obtained.

Arrangement for controlling or regulating an emission wavelength and

A light branching element or diplexer comprising a first bi-directional light connection and a second and third unidirectional light connection. The unit is formed by a block having a straight surface groove with an embedded glass fiber which fiber is interrupted by a partially transmissive mirror lying on a slanting plane relative to the axis of the fiber. The light sensitive location of a light receiving semiconductor element is secured to the block adjacent to the mirror and the plane of the mirror is selected so that its normal extends out of the block at an angle of incidence smaller than 45.degree. to the axis of the fiber to reduce reflections from the semiconductor member back to the mirror and into the fiber.

Light diplexer of a communication system comprising three light

An edge interference filter is composed of a layer sequence of a total of 21 alternately arranged high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers with the high refractive index layers being composed of TiO.sub.2 and the low refractive index layers being composed of SiO.sub.2. The individual layers having an optical layer thickness standardized to a 20.degree. angle of incidence and to 3/4 wavelength of the attenuation band center wavelength of 823 nm with the first and twentyfirst layers having a thickness of 0.241 of the standardized thickness, the second and twentieth layers having a thickness of 0.914 of the standardized thickness and the remaining third through nineteenth layers having a thickness of one standardized thickness.

Edge interference filter for optical communication transmission in

A multiplex-demultiplex module having a laser diode and a strip waveguide leading from said laser diode being disposed on a first surface of a substrate and the waveguide extends to an out-coupling and in-coupling location characterized by a single combined grating being arranged on the first surface of the substrate having its grid lines extending perpendicular to the direction of radiation guided in the waveguide and dimensioned so that it will not influence the laser emissions of a first wavelength from the laser diode but will steer radiation supplied from an in-coupling location and having a second wavelength differing from the first wavelength through the substrate onto a photo diode located under the opposite surface of the substrate. The grating thus acts as both a frequency-selective and a diffracting grating and replaces the two gratings in previously known devices.

Integrated optical multiplex-demultiplex module for optical

A monolithically integrated WDM demultiplex module has a film wave guide of InGaAsP fashioned on a substrate, a photodiode of InGaAs being applied to the film wave guide. The photodiode is optically coupled to the film wave guide by a leakage coupling. A wavelength selection element in the form of a grating is provided in the surface of the film wave guide. The module can be manufactured with a single epitaxial step. Structures for increasing the crosstalk attenuation of the module and for a better coupling-in of radiation into the module are provided.

Monolithically integrated WDM demultiplex module and method of

An optical device for use either as a waveguide demultiplexer or a waveguide multiplexer characterized by a compact transparent member having a surface forming optical means such as an imaging mirror, an opposite surface portion having a diffraction grating formed thereon and first and second coupling surfaces so that light can be coupled into the member reflected by the mirror and the diffraction grating and then coupled out of the member. The device has various embodiments with different structures for the optical mirror and the transparent member, with the structure of the coupling surfaces being flat or curved, and with either flat or curved additional mirrors for reflecting the incoming and outgoing light adjacent to the coupling surfaces.

Optical device for use as a multiplexer or demultiplexer in accordance

An edge interference filter transmitting short-wave for great interchannel spacing of about 200 nm given an attenuation band wavelength of about 1300 nm. The filter is composed of a layer sequence of a total of 23 alternately high and low refractive index layers wherein the high index of refraction layers have an index of refraction of 2.08 and the low index of refraction layers have an index of approximately 1.45, the effective optical layer thickness of the individual layers is standardized to a 20.degree. angle of incidence and to 1/4 wavelength of the attenuation band center wavelength of 1260 nm with to layers 1 and 23 having a thickness of 1.146, layers 2 and 22 having a thickness of 0.909, layers 3 and 21 having a thickness of 1.039, layers 4 and 20 having a thickness of 0.932 and layers 5-19 having a thickness of 1.

An optical waveguide junction which can be used as a wavelength demultiplexer, having two aligned fibers separated from each other by a wavelength-selective filter and a fiber branching off laterally from these fibers at the level of the filter. At the same time, a greater degree of coupling efficiency, applicability in monomode fiber lines, and greater adjusting tolerances in production of the junction are achieved. It is recommended that each of the two aligned fibers have different core diameters, while the fiber feeding the filter has a smaller core diameter than the fiber continuing from the filter. In one embodiment of the invention the feed fiber includes a monomode fiber and the continuing fiber of a multimode. The junction can be used as a demultiplexer for optical-fiber transmission lines for unidirectional operation for demultiplexing.

Optical waveguide junction and method of making said junction

A method for integrating a DFB laser and a passive strip waveguide on a substrate. A layer stack is produced in a first epitaxy step, the layer stack having a laser-active layer and a surface-wide grating on the uppermost layer, and eroding the stack area-wise, but only down to a layer under the laser-active layer, not down to the substrate, by means of etching to create a step separating the laser region from the passive strip waveguide region. By employing an etching stop layer, the etching can ensue self-adjustingly, and the coupling between the laser-active layer and the passive strip waveguide region occurs not by end coupling, but by surface coupling. Only two epitaxy steps are required for the complete manufacture of the structure, and a strip required for the definition of the laser and of the waveguide can be produced in the same single method step.

Method for manufacturing of integrated DFB laser with coupled strip

A branch connector for light waveguides which utilizes a beam divider mirror characterized by a carrier member aligning a pair of light waveguides on a common axis, a beam divider which is arranged on a plane slanted to the common axis on an angle which is larger than 45 degrees and is positioned between the ends of the waveguides and flush therewith and a second carrier plate mounting an additional waveguide adjacent one of the pair of aligned waveguides on a second axis extending at an angle to the common axis and intersecting the common axis at the beam divider mirror with the second axis being oriented to receive light reflected along the given direction.

Branch connector for light waveguides

A transmission and reception device for a fiber-optical sensor system functioning with two wavelengths is disclosed wherein light of a first wavelength and light of a second wavelength are supplied over in-coupling fibers of a fiber-optical brancher to a fiber path of the sensor system and wherein light returning over the fiber path is supplied over an out-coupling fiber of the brancher to an evaluation means. The brancher is designed such that the greatest part of the returning light is coupled out over the out-coupling fiber. Two advantageous embodiments of such a brancher are disclosed, the one being designed in the form of a non-frequency-selective, asymmetrical quad-gate brancher and the other being designed in the form of a frequency-selective, five-gate brancher.

Transmission and reception device for a fiber-optical sensor system

An optical polarizer for an optical isolator has a dove prism having a selected geometric shape such that both the incident and emerging beams satisfy the Brewster condition at the respective entrance and exit faces. A further embodiment of the invention consists of the combination of two dove prisms with an intervening multiple layer. The polarizer can be easily adjusted with no reduction in the coupling efficiency with incoming light, can be manufactured inexpensively, and exhibits no parallel offset or astigmatism.

Optical polarizer having a prism

An optical isolator for glass fiber communication technology, which avoids disruptive back reflections at the input side polarizer that faces a laser diode, consists of a dielectric alternating layer system that is glued between a pair of prisms. In order to obtain a reflection-free polarizer for linear polarized radiation arriving at a specific angle of incidence, the material of the prisms and layers are selected so that the index of refraction of the prisms is equal to the index of refraction of the layers having a low index of refraction and the angle of incidence of radiation at the radiation entrance surface as well as the angle of emergence at the radiation exit surface of the prism are selected to equal the Brewster angle which is given by the arc tan (n.sub.L /n.sub.O) wherein n.sub.L is the low index of refraction of the layer and prisms and n.sub.O is the index of refraction of the medium adjacent to the prisms exit and entrance surfaces.

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Unterhaching, Germany

Hans F Mahlein