Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Hans-Erich Reinfelder

Gottfried Lange

Hubertus Fischer

Herbert Bruder

Franz Schmitt

Karlheinz Dorn

Detlef Becker

Guenther Tressl

Ming Fang

Dietrich Quehl

An object oriented communication system supporting external data representation without an interface definition language, propagating events in both push and pull communication modes, fully distributing events, client/server-RPC-like mode and server processing pattern management. An applications program interface for the communication system having two macro routines for building classes which make the classes transferrable by the communication system.

Asynchronous transport optimizing observer-pattern-like system supporting several modes for an interface definition language-less communication subsystem

An apparatus for examining tissue in vivo by means of the optical properties of the tissue generates a measuring chirp signal which is introduced into a tissue-containing subject as a coherent optical chirp signal. The parts of the measuring chirp signal emerging from the subject are superimposed with a reference chirp signal to form a superposition signal that is supplied to a filter that only allows those parts of the superposition signal to pass that represent those parts of the measuring chirp signal emerging from the subject which have traversed a defined, optical path length within the subject.

Measuring arrangement for examining a subject with visible, NIR or IR

A read-out system for a luminescent storage screen of the type used to latently store an x-ray in an x-ray diagnostics apparatus includes a radiation source which generates a scan beam, which is deflected over the storage screen to cause the storage screen to luminesce pixel-by-pixel, with the emitted light being supplied to an image reproductions circuit for generating a visible image. A portion of the scan beam is coupled-out and is conducted to a correction detector unit, which supplies a correction signal containing information regarding the intensity, and further information about the location, of the deflected scan beam. The output signals of the detector and the correction detector are superimposed so that any errors caused by fluctuations in the brightness of the scan beam, or non-uniformities in the structure of the detector, will be corrected.

Read-out system for a luminescent storage screen

A read-out system for a luminescent storage screen of the type used in an x-ray diagnostics installation has a scan beam generator which generates a scan beam of a first wavelength, a beam deflector for deflecting the scan beam to planarly scan a luminescent storage screen pixel-by-pixel to retrieve the stored image, the scan beam causing the storage screen to luminesce and generate light of a second wavelength which is detected by a detector system. The detector system includes a light conductor which conducts the light onto a light detector. The detector system includes a filter for light of the first wavelength, which is arranged in the immediate proximity of the point of incidence of the scan beam on the luminescent storage screen. The filter is in the form of a slot-shaped opening for the scan beam.

A method for operating a nuclear resonance imaging device given gradients of arbitrary shapes includes the steps of equidistantly sampling the nuclear magnetic resonance signals in the time domain with a sampling rate that satisfies the sampling theorem, the sampling taking place even given gradients having a non-rectangular pulse shape. Since non-equidistant sampling in the K-space would normally lead to image artifacts, the method includes the further step, to avoid such artifacts, of calculating measured values from the acquired samples by interpolation, these measured values being equidistant in the K-space, and being entered into a measurement matrix. The equidistant sampling in the K-space, which is complicated, is thus superfluous given gradients having an arbitrary pulse shape.

Method for sensing nuclear magnetic resonance signals given arbitrary

In the echo planar imaging (EPI) method of operating a nuclear magnetic resonance (magnetic resonance imaging) tomography apparatus, the necessary, rapid switching of gradients having a high amplitude usually cannot be achieved with square-wave gradients, and therefore a read-out gradient having a sinusoidal shape is generally used. Given a chronologically equidistant sampling of the nuclear magnetic resonance signal in the time domain, however, a sampling in the k-space with different rates is present. The bandwidth of the signal is proportional to the sampling rate in the k-space. In the method disclosed herein, bandwidth of a bandpass filter or a low-pass filter in the signal processing circuit for the nuclear magnetic resonance signal is adapted to the time dependent bandwith of the nuclear magnetic resonance signal, i.e., to the sampling rate in the k-space. The bandwidth is increased with increasing sampling rate. The signal-to-noise ratio is noticeably improved.

Method for improving the signal-to-noise ratio in a nuclear magnetic

A method for generating an image using nuclear magnetic resonance signals, which substantially eliminates the presence of so-called 'N/2 ghosts,' includes the steps of dividing a measurement matrix into a first sub-matrix containing the even-numbered rows of the measurement matrix and into a second sub-matrix having the odd-numbered rows of the measurement matrix, setting the entries in the remaining rows of the sub-matrices to zero, subjecting both sub-matrices to a Fourier transformation at least in the column direction, thereby generating respective intermediate image matrices, multiplying one of the intermediate image matrices by a factor which is calculated from the edge rows of the intermediate image matrices, and adding the intermediate image matrices after the multiplication.

Method for generating an image using nuclear magnetic resonance signals

The present invention is directed to an improvement for an x-ray diagnostics installation having a storage luminescent screen for the latent storage of x-ray images. The installation includes an x-ray generator, an x-ray exposure device which is connected to the generator for projecting x-ray beams to create an x-ray image on the screen, a read-out device which projects light as a scanning beam on the screen to excite luminesce pixel-by-pixel, a detector arrangement for acquiring the light emitted by the storage screen to create a signal used by the image reproduction system to display the image. The x-ray generator is connected to the read-out arrangement so that parameters of the read-out arrangement are set on the basis of adjustments of the x-ray generator and/or the measurements carried out during the exposure.

X-ray diagnostics installation having a storage luminescent screen

A read-out system for a luminescent storage screen, in which a latent x-ray image is stored, includes a tubular, mirrored light guide having an opening through which light from the storage screeen, caused by scanning the storage screen line-by-line with a beam of read-out radiation, exits onto a detector. The detector is disposed so that its light-sensitive surface is parallel to the scanned line. The light guide has a slot-shaped passage for the scan beam, with ends closed by plates having mirrored surfaces.

Read-out system for a luminescent storage screen in an X-ray diagnostics

A read-out system for a luminescent storage screen, in which a latent x-ray image is stored, includes a read-out radiation source formed by a bank of light emitting diodes which are respectively individually coupled to picture elements to be scanned, such as those in a line of the storage screen. A control circuit is connected to the light emitting diodes which drives the diodes in coded fashion on the basis of a transformation, such as a Hadamard-Walsh transformation, so that a number of light emitting diodes are simultaneously energized. The total stimulated light emitted by a corresponding number of picture elements is detected, and is used to form coefficients for the transformation. A calculating stage is connected to the light detector, which calculates brightness values for each picture element from these coefficients by reverse transformation. The brightness values are displayed on an image reproduction system.

Read-out system for a luminescent storage screen in a x-ray diagnostics

A read system for a luminescent image storage screen in an x-ray diagnostics installation, the luminescent screen latently storing an x-radiation image, includes a source of readout radiation which excites the storage screen to luminesce, a photo-multiplier detector which receives light emitted by the storage luminescent screen and converts the incident light into electrical signals in the form of a pulse sequence having a pulse rate dependent on the brightness incident on the light-sensitive entry face of the photo-multiplier, and a counter which counts the pulses at the output of the detector. The output of the counter is supplied to a monitor through a converter for generating a visual image.

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Erlangen, Germany

Hans-Erich Reinfelder