Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

University of South Carolina

Millennium Cell Inc.

Zur Loye, Hans-conrad

Carlin, Richard T.

Pez, Guido P.

Quinn, Robert

Appleby, John B.

Guido Peter Pez

Robert Quinn

Gauri Sankar Lal

William Jack Casteel, Jr

Alan Charles Cooper

Daniel V Laciak

Ronald Martin Pearlstein

Sergei Vladimirovich Ivanov

Ingrid Kristine Meier

Dorai Ramprasad

Aaron Raymond Scott

Pushpinder S Puri

Hansong Cheng

John B Appleby

Reno Joseph Pesaresi, Jr

John Anthony Marsella

Bernard A Toseland

Michael Ulman

Richard T Carlin

William Jack Casteel

Jianguo Xu

Shankar Nataraj

Robert George Syvret

John A Norman

Kathryn Sue Hayes

Frederick Carl Wilhelm

Wade Hampton Bailey, Iii

Michael T Kelly

Atteye Houssein Abdourazak

Ying Jie Wu

William A Steyert

Hans-Conrad Zur Loye

James Christian Sorensen

Stefanie Sharp-Goldman

John Francis Lehmann

Baolong Zhang

Anne M Coughlin

Gennady Dantsin

Pushpinder Singh Puri

Bernard Allen Toseland

Daniel Vincent Laciak

Larry David Bagzis

John Bruce Appleby

Reno Joseph Pesaresi

Processes are provided for the storage and release of hydrogen by means of dehydrogenation of hydrogen carrier compositions where at least part of the heat of dehydrogenation is provided by a hydrogen-reversible selective oxidation of the carrier. Autothermal generation of hydrogen is achieved wherein sufficient heat is provided to sustain the at least partial endothermic dehydrogenation of the carrier at reaction temperature. The at least partially dehydrogenated and at least partially selectively oxidized liquid carrier is regenerated in a catalytic hydrogenation process where apart from an incidental employment of process heat, gaseous hydrogen is the primary source of reversibly contained hydrogen and the necessary reaction energy.

Autothermal hydrogen storage and delivery systems

The present invention is an improved process for the storage and delivery of hydrogen by the reversible hydrogenation/dehydrogenation of an organic compound wherein the organic compound is initially in its hydrogenated state. The improvement in the route to generating hydrogen is in the dehydrogenation step and recovery of the dehydrogenated organic compound resides in the following steps:

Dehydrogenation of liquid fuel in microchannel catalytic reactor

An electrochemical device and a proton conducting medium for use in an electrochemical device having a proton conducting electrolyte comprising the formula:HMQ.nHOwhere H is a proton, M is a cation, Q is the fluoroborate or fluoroheteroborate anion, n ranges from 0.01 to 1000, a ranges from 0.01 to 2 and b ranges from 0 to 2, a and b are chosen to render the formula electrically neutral, and when b is greater than 0, the ratio of b to a is less than 100 to 1.

Electrochemical devices comprising proton conducting mediums

A process for producing hydrogen comprising reacting at least one hydrocarbon and steam in the presence of a complex metal oxide and a steam-hydrocarbon reforming catalyst in a production step under reaction conditions sufficient to form hydrogen and a spent complex metal oxide, wherein the complex metal oxide is represented by the formula(A'CaMg)(B&#x2032;MnFe)Owhere A&#x2032; represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ba, a Group 1 element, and an element of the Lanthanide series according to the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements; B&#x2032; represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, and V;

Use of complex metal oxides in the autothermal generation of hydrogen

Processes are provided for the storage and release of hydrogen by means of a substantially reversible catalytic hydrogenation of extended pi-conjugated substrates which include large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with nitrogen heteroatoms, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with oxygen heteroatoms, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with alkyl, alkoxy, nitrile, ketone, ether or polyether substituents, pi-conjugated molecules comprising 5 membered rings, pi-conjugated molecules comprising six and five membered rings with nitrogen or oxygen hetero atoms, and extended pi-conjugated organic polymers. The hydrogen, contained in the at least partially hydrogenated form of the extended pi-conjugated system, can be facilely released for use by a catalytic dehydrogenation of the latter in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst which can be effected by lowering the hydrogen gas pressure, generally to pressures greater than 0.1 bar or raising the temperature to less than 250&#xb0; C. or less, or by a combination of these two process parameters.

Hydrogen storage by reversible hydrogenation of pi-conjugated substrates

Process for producing hydrogen comprising reacting at least one hydrocarbon and steam in the presence of a complex metal oxide and a steam-hydrocarbon reforming catalyst in a production step under reaction conditions sufficient to form hydrogen gas and a spent complex metal oxide, wherein the complex metal oxide is represented by the formulaABOwherein A represents at least one metallic element having an oxidation state ranging from +1 to +3, inclusive, wherein the metallic element is capable of forming a metal carbonate; x is a number from 1 to 10, inclusive; B represents at least one metallic element having an oxidation state ranging from +1 to +7, inclusive; y is a number from 1 to 10, inclusive; and n represents a value such that the complex metal oxide is rendered electrically neutral.

Process for autothermal generation of hydrogen

Proton conducting mediums for electrochemical devices and electrochemical devices comprising the same

The present invention relates to an improvement in lithium secondary batteries comprised of a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a separator, and a lithium-based electrolyte carried in an aprotic solvent and to the electrolyte compositions. The improvement resides in the use of a lithium salt of the formula:LiBFZwherein x greater than or equal to 4 and Z represents H, Cl, and Br.

Polyfluorinated boron cluster anions for lithium electrolytes

The present invention relates to an improvement in lithium secondary batteries comprised of a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a separator, and a lithium-based electrolyte carried in an aprotic solvent and to the electrolyte compositions. The improvement resides in the use of a lithium electrolyte of the formula:LiBFZwherein x=&#x3e;5 and Z represents H, Cl, and Br. Preferably, when x is less than 12, Z is Cl.

A process and electrolytic cell for reducing in an ionic alkali metal compound, the cell containing anode and cathode electrodes, by supplying an electrolyte containing the alkali metal compound to the cell, applying an electric voltage to the cell to reduce said alkali metal compound at the cathode, and passing hydrogen or a hydrogen containing gas to at least one electrode while the compound is reduced at the cathode.

Hydrogen-assisted electrolysis processes

Processes are provided for the storage and release of hydrogen by means of a substantially reversible catalytic hydrogenation of extended pi-conjugated substrates which include large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with nitrogen heteroatoms, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with oxygen heteroatoms, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with alkyl, alkoxy, ketone, ether or polyether substituents, pi-conjugated molecules comprising 5 membered rings, pi-conjugated molecules comprising six and five membered rings with nitrogen or oxygen hetero atoms, and extended pi-conjugated organic polymers. The hydrogen, contained in the at least partially hydrogenated form of the extended pi-conjugated system, can be facilely released for use by a catalytic dehydrogenation of the latter in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst which can be effected by lowering the hydrogen gas pressure, generally to pressures greater than 0.1 bar or raising the temperature to less than 250&#xb0; C. or less, or by a combination of these two process parameters.

This invention relates to a process for the preparation of 1,1-difluoroolefins, e.g., difluorovinyl cycloaliphatic compounds such as difluorovinylcyclohexane and derivatives by the dehydrofluorination of a trifluoromethyl-substituted cycloaliphatic compound and the resulting compositions. This method utilizes a 'sterically hindered super-base' system represented by the formula MNRR; where M is Na or K and R is a secondary, or tertiary alkyl or cycloalkyl group of amines for effecting dehydrofluorination of the trifluoromethyl group leading to the difluorovinyl based cycloaliphatic compounds. The sterically hindered super base can be formed by the, in situ, reaction of a sodium or potassium alkoxide, e.g., KtBuO with a lithium dialkylamide where the lithium is bonded to nitrogen atom of an amine bearing secondary or tertiary aliphatic groups.

Process for producing 1,1-difluorovinyl cycloaliphatic compounds

An apparatus for dispensing an odorant to a hydrogen gas includes at least one container, each container having an interior volume. At least one odorant material is disposed in the interior volume of a first container, the odorant material having at least one detectable odor. At least one hydrogen storage material is disposed in the interior volume of the first container or the interior volume of a second container.

Addition of odorants to hydrogen by incorporating odorants with hydrogen storage materials

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Allentown, PA, United States of America

Guido Peter Pez