Siemens Industry, Inc.

Dana-Farber-Cancer Institute Inc.

Guang Yang

Nathanael Schiander Gray

Sara Jean Buhrlage

Steven P Treon

Li Tan

Brian Timothy McCoy

Hwan Geun Choi

John DeBoer

Solomon R Titus

Timothy Biedrzycki

James Edward Ferree

Nathanael S Gray

John Quentin Cowans

Raiden Jay Kim

Yuan Xiong

Mark I Shmukler

Huy Nguyen

James Washburn

Arthi Sudhakar Janakiraman

Solomon R R Titus

Jinhua Wang

A DC solid-state circuit breaker is provided with a solid-state aided airgap to ensure successful interruption of current at DC conditions for providing an acceptable fail-safe mechanism in case of main power electronics failure. The DC solid-state circuit breaker comprises a sensing and control circuit configured to realize designed functions. The DC solid-state circuit breaker further comprises a power electronics section that includes a first solid-state switching component for normal operations. The DC solid-state circuit breaker further comprises an air gap section disposed in series with the power electronics section and is configured to perform fail-safe interruption and to provide isolation. The air gap section includes an isolation switch which is connected in series to a fail-safe interruption combination of a current commutation switch and a second solid-state switching component, which are connected in parallel.

DC solid-state circuit breaker with a solid-state aided airgap that provides a fail-safe mechanism

A DC solid-state circuit breaker is provided with fail-safe redundancy. The DC solid-state circuit breaker comprises an air gap disposed in series to first and second power electronics switching modules. The DC solid-state circuit breaker further comprises a sensing and control circuit configured to realize designed functions. The DC solid-state circuit breaker further comprises first and second overvoltage protection devices connected in series for overvoltage or surge protection for the sensing and control circuit such that both the first and second overvoltage protection devices have threshold voltages higher than a system voltage. The DC solid-state circuit breaker further comprises a load side overvoltage protection device provided for overvoltage protection after switching OFF.

DC solid-state circuit breaker with fail-safe redundancy via double power electronics and overvoltage protection

There are described systems and methods for load management of an electrical panel. A first breaker interrupts the load current in response to detecting that the load current exceeds an adjustable current rating. The first breaker adjusts its adjustable current rating, so that a total load of the breakers does not exceed a panel rating of the electrical panel. Also, a controller communicates by wired or wireless communication to receive load current data from the breakers and identifies that the first breaker has interrupted the load current based on the data. The controller determines whether a second breaker may enable load sharing in response to identifying the interruption. If load sharing is enabled, the controller sends a first command to the first breaker to raise its adjustable current rating and a second command the second breaker to lower its adjustable current rating.

Load management for an electrical panel

A direct current (DC) solid state circuit breaker includes a first terminal, a second terminal, a power electronics section comprising at least a first transistor switch, and one or more airgap sections that include at least a second transistor switch and a third transistor switch. The second transistor switch and the third transistor switch arranged in back to back configuration such that i) the second transistor switch is configured to interrupt current flowing in a first direction from the first terminal to the second terminal and ii) the third transistor is configured to interrupt current flowing in a second direction from the second terminal to the first side terminal. The DC solid state circuit breaker also includes a controller configured to detect a fault condition and control operation of the power electronics section and the one or more airgap sections in response to detecting the fault condition.

DC solid state circuit breakers for bidirectional applications

A solid-state circuit breaker comprises a sensing and control circuit configured to realize designed functions, a power electronics section that includes solid-state switching components for normal operations and a vacuum gap section that includes a sealed vacuum tube. The vacuum gap section is disposed in series with the power electronics section. The vacuum gap section is configured to open to interrupt a current such that the associated arcs are contained in the sealed vacuum tube.

Solid-state circuit breaker having a sealed vacuum gap section for providing an intrinsic safe operation

A solid-state circuit breaker (SSCB) includes an airgap operating mechanism including components and electronics including semiconductors and software algorithms that control the power and can interrupt extreme currents. The SSCB further includes a housing that houses the components of the airgap operating mechanism and the electronics. The housing of the solid-state circuit breaker includes a heat sink that interfaces with a natural air flow such as an existing vertical air channel inside an electrical panel. The heat sink contains a thermally conductive and electrically insulating (TC/EI) plastic.

Heat sink for a solid-state circuit breakerin an electrical panel

A solid-state circuit breaker comprises an airgap operating mechanism including components and a housing that houses the components of the airgap operating mechanism such that each component in the operating mechanism is configured to operate in a way that only limited amount of space is required to achieve functions of ON, OFF, and TRIP. The components of the operating mechanism include a contact arm, a handle, and an interface feature to interface between the handle and the contact arm to apply a force thereon. The interface feature is configured to adjust the contact arm ensuring an optimal positioning. The components of the operating mechanism include a double pivot of the contact arm and a handle feature in that the contact arm has two-pivot legs, an armature, an armature pivot feature and a stopper feature, a cradle, and a stopper pin configured to stop the cradle during TRIP operation.

Solid-state circuit breaker includes airgap operating mechanism configured to operate in limited space

The present invention provides compounds of any one of Formulae (A), (I-11), (II), and (V) (e.g., compounds of Formula (A-1)-(A-18)), and methods for treating Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) and other B cell neoplasm in a subject using the compounds. The methods comprise administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of the compounds. Also provided are methods to treat B cell neoplasms using the compounds in combination with inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), bone marrow on X chromosome kinase (BMX), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), transforming growth factor b-activated kinase-1 (TAK1), and/or a Src family kinase.

Methods to treat lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma

A solid-state circuit breaker (SSCB) comprises a breaker housing, line-in and line-out terminals and one or more solid state switching components. The SSCB further comprises an air gap disposed between the line-in and line-out terminals and coupled in series with the solid-state switching components to complete a current conducting path when closed. The air gap includes an air gap driving mechanism. The solid-state circuit breaker further comprises an air gap actuator to interact with the air gap driving mechanism. The SSCB further comprises a controller that controls the air gap actuator and is configured to: (a). send a tripping signal to the air gap actuator and the one or more solid state switching components at substantially the same time or (b). send a tripping signal to the air gap actuator a short amount of time earlier than sending the tripping signal to the one or more solid state switching components.

Solid-state circuit breaker trips an air gap actuator and solid-state switching components at the same time or the solid-state switching components with a delay

A temperature sensor of a thermal monitoring system is provided for use in power distribution systems. The temperature sensor comprises ceramic printed circuit board (PCB) and a terminal. The ceramic PCB includes a temperature sensing element disposed on a side of the ceramic PCB. The terminal is configured to be fixed directly in contact with a measured point and is directly in touch with the ceramic PCB such that heat is conducted from the terminal, through the ceramic PCB and then to the temperature sensing element. The temperature sensing element is configured to generate an electrical signal in response to the heat such that the electrical signal is sent through a pair of lead wires to a controller for monitoring a temperature. The temperature sensor further comprises an overmolded plastic material to seal a portion of the terminal, the ceramic PCB in its entirety and a portion of the pair of lead wires to ensure a desired physical strength and a desired dielectric strength.

Temperature sensor of thermal monitoring system for use in power distribution systems

A circuit breaker with enhanced convection and cooling comprises a housing having a first portion and a second portion. The circuit breaker further comprises one or more first orientation features formed onto the first portion of the housing. The circuit breaker further comprises one or more second orientation features formed onto the second portion of the housing such that the one or more first orientation features are different from the one or more second orientation features and the first portion of the housing is different than the second portion of the housing. The one or more first orientation features and the one or more second orientation features are assembled together to form air channels to allow air to go in and out while preventing a solid object from protruding and from touching inside components of the circuit breaker.

Enhancing convection and cooling in a circuit breaker

A solid-state circuit breaker comprises a breaker housing and an air gap driving mechanism that is a permanent magnet based. The air gap driving mechanism includes a pair of opposing contacts, a first permanent magnet to generate a static magnetic field and a coil actuator to generate a dynamic magnetic field. The first permanent magnet and the coil actuator are positioned relative to each other such that the dynamic magnetic field generated by the coil actuator can either enhance or cancel the static magnetic field of the first permanent magnet. Hence a combination of the static magnetic field from the first permanent magnet and the dynamic magnetic field from the coil actuator can either drive the pair of opposing contacts open or drive the pair of opposing contacts close.

Air gap driving mechanism of a solid-state circuit breaker includes permanent magnet(s) for contact separation

A solid-state circuit breaker comprises a solid-state device configured between line-in and line-out terminals, an air-gap forming apparatus coupled in series with the solid-state device to complete a current conducting path and a sensing and control unit to control a gate of the solid-state device. It further comprises a first switching component coupled in series with an actuator coil across a connection point after an air gap and a neutral such that the sensing and control unit to control a gate of the first switching component. It further comprises a second switching component coupled between the line-out terminal and a terminal between the actuator coil and the first switching component such that the sensing and control unit to control a gate of the second switching component. The actuator coil is configured to discharge and dissipate a recovery voltage associated therewith an inductive load.

Solid-state circuit breaker configured to discharge and dissipate recovery voltage

A load center comprises a common instantaneous tripping unit that works on a principle of solid state switching. The load center further comprises a plurality of branches of branch circuit breakers each of which is coupled to the common instantaneous tripping unit via a corresponding high power connection and a corresponding low power connection such that the common instantaneous tripping unit feeds the plurality of branches at the same time. The common instantaneous tripping unit interrupts a short circuit fault in an interruption time which is significantly reduced thus reducing or eliminating chances for a personal injury during the short circuit fault.

Load center that reduces trip time during short circuit faults

An electronic circuit breaker comprises an electronic circuitry and a lockout mechanism configured to provide a safety feature. The lockout mechanism includes a trip rod placed along a longitudinal axis of the electronic circuit breaker. The trip rod has first and second ends. The lockout mechanism further includes a barrel mounted coaxially around the trip rod near the first end of the trip rod. The lockout mechanism further includes a moving arm mechanically coupled to the trip rod. The lockout mechanism further includes an electronic-powered magnet mounted coaxially on the trip rod near the second end being opposite of the first end of the trip rod. The lockout mechanism further includes an armature mechanically coupled to the trip rod. The barrel serves to block the moving arm and the trip rod is pushed by the electronic-powered magnet to interact with the barrel to remove a lockout such that the electronic-powered magnet is activated to push the trip rod to pull on the armature, causing the electronic circuit breaker to be tripped.

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Suwanee, GA, United States of America

Guang Yang