The Penn State Research Foundation

Gregory Ray Ziegler

Joshua David Lambert

Richard A Wysk

Robert B Beelman

Deepti Dabas

Eugene P Mazzola

Matthew C Frank

Rachel Marie Shegog

Jeng-Leun Mau

Emmanouil Chatzakis

Emmanuel Hatzakis

The present invention provides compounds isolated from avocado seeds for use as a natural colorant in edible materials. The compounds of the invention are useful for coloring edible materials red, orange, or yellow. The invention also provides compositions and methods for coloring edible materials to a desired color such as red, orange, or yellow.

Compounds, compositions, and methods for coloring edible materials

The present invention provides compounds isolated from avocado seeds for use as a natural colorant in edible materials. The compounds of the invention are useful for coloring edible materials red, orange or yellow. The invention also provides compositions and methods for coloring edible materials to a desired color such as red, orange or yellow.

Compounds, compositions and methods for coloring edible materials

A sprayable liquid coating composition, particularly for application to foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals, utilizes gaseous carbon dioxide to reduce the viscosity of a concentrated solution comprising an edible polymer and a solvent, such as ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol. The addition of the gaseous carbon dioxide in the concentrated solution permits a sprayable composition to be produced using a significantly reduced level of solvent in the edible polymer/solvent solution. By reducing the amount of solvent used in the solution, the level of VOCs emission during the coating process also is reduced. Either supercritical carbon dioxide or subcritical carbon dioxide can be used as the gaseous carbon dioxide in the present invention.

Coating foods and pharmaceuticals with an edible polymer using carbon dioxide

Provided is a method for the use of 10-oxo-trans-8-decenoic acid (ODA) as a fungal growth hormone to stimulate mycelial growth of cultivated mushrooms. A species of cultivated mushroom is selected and grown in a solid or liquid growth medium which has been supplemented with ODA to a concentration of 10.sup.-7 M to about 10.sup.-4 M. After culturing the mushroom the mycelium of cultivated mushroom is harvested. In addition to a method of using ODA, a method for the hormonal stimulation of fruiting in cultivated mushrooms is also disclosed. The ODA in this method is added to the casing layer of the compost which is mixed with mushroom spawn. Further, the ODA is added to the casing layer in aqueous solution after casing the compost.

Use of 10-oxo-trans-8-decenoic acid in mushroom cultivation

The present invention is directed to a process for the manufacture of microparticulated protein from egg white and gelatin protein phases, the product manufactured therefrom, and to the use of the product manufactured in accordance with the process as a replacement of at least a portion of fat in formulated edible foods manufactured for human use.

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State College, PA, United States of America

Gregory Ray Ziegler