Sterling Winthrop Inc.

Amersham Health as

Nanosystems L.l.c.

Amersham Plc

Eastman-Kodak Company

Ge Healthcare Limited

Sterling Wintrhop Inc.

Gregory L McIntire

Edward R Bacon

Eugene Rex Cooper

Stephen B Ruddy

Mary E Roberts

Robert A Snow

Pranab Bagchi

John L Toner

Christopher Black

Vinay Chandrakant Desai

Wolfgang Hans Heinrich Gunther

Jo Klaveness

Morten Eriksen

Gary G Liversidge

David L Ladd

Paul Mark Henrichs

Evan E Gustow

Edvin Wilhelm Johannesen

Kenneth Robert Hollister

John R Minter

Piotr H Karpinski

Auden Tornes

Joel Cornacoff

Virginia Ann Gates

J Michael Shaw

Geraldine Cooney

Tukaram K Hatwar

Carl R Illig

Alan R Pitt

David A Glocker

Wolfgang H Gunther

Ian M Newington

Torgrim Engell

Pal Rongved

Brent D Douty

Jasbir Singh

Kimberly G Estep

P&aring;l Rongved

Anne Kjersti Fahlvik

Pål Rongved

Robert C Stewart

Sui-Ming Wong

Elaine Liversidge

Anne Naevestad

George C Na

Douglas G Stinson

Natarajan Rajagopalan

Nigel Anthony Powell

Srinivas T Rao

Steven Blair Coffey

Kenneth Edmund Kellar

Michel Gacek

Dennis Fujii

Bjorn Fuglass

Jennifer Wellons

Elaine M Liversidge

Barbara Van Orman

Kenneth E Kellar

Jack M Shaw

Marten Eriksen

Paul Mark Hendrichs

Marshall Beeber

Brian Weekley

George Na

Barbara Yuan

Jack Stevens

Bjorn Fuglaas

Dewi M Lewis

Lucinda A Dollimore

Barbara O Yuan

Thomas J Caulifield

The present invention relates to the use of particulate materials as contrast agents in in vivo light imaging.

Light imaging contrast agents

The invention provides the use of a radiation source which is a low energy X-ray emitter, e.g. with an energy of emission of the principal photon in the range of 20 to 100 keV, preferably 20 to 40 keV and with a half life of 10 to 100 days, preferably 15 to 70 days, for the treatment of restenosis. Suitable radioisotopes include palladium-103, dysprosium-159, samarium-145, cadmium-109, ytterbium-169 and preferably iodine-125. High activity radioactive bodies and sources comprising such radioisotopes, and methods for the manufacture of such sources, are also disclosed.

Apparatus and methods for radiotherapy

Radioactive sources, preferably radioactive seeds, for use in brachytherapy comprising a radioisotope within a sealed biocompatible container, wherein at least one part of a surface of the container is roughened, shaped or otherwise treated so that it is no longer smooth. The surface treatment may enhance the ultrasound visibility of the source and/or reduce the tendency of the source to migrate once implanted in a patient's body. Preferred radioisotopes are palladium-103 and iodine-125.

Products and methods for brachytherapy

The invention relates to a method of generating an image of an animate human or non-human animal body or part thereof. The method comprises administering to said body a physiologically tolerable contrast agent comprising a radiation absorbing component and/or a pressure inducing component, exposing said body to radiation, detecting pressure waves generated in said body by said radiation and generating an optoacoustic image therefrom of at least a part of said body containing the administered contrast agent.

Methods of photoacoustic imaging

A method for the immobilization of a radioactive anion on the surface of a metal substrate, said method comprising treating the substrate with an oxidizing agent in the presence of a solution of a radioactive anion which forms an insoluble salt with ions of said metal. Preferably, a binding agent will also be present. Preferably, the metal is silver, the radioactive anion is I and the binding agent comprises bromide ions.

Method of coating a metal substrate with a radioactive layer

The invention relates to MR contrast media containing composite nanoparticles, preferably comprising a superparamagnetic iron oxide core provided with a coating comprising an oxidatively cleaved starch coating optionally together with a functionalized polyalkyleneoxide which serves to prolong blood residence.

Constrast media

This invention describes the preparation of nanoparticulate pharmaceutical agent dispersion via a process that comprises the dissolution of the said pharmaceutical agent in an alkaline solution and then neutralizing the said solution with an acid in the presence of suitable surface-modifying, surface-active agents to form a fine particle dispersion of the said pharmaceutical agent. A combination of surface active surface modifying agents comprising a nonionic surface active substance and an anionic surface active material having a chemical structure which is at least on a molecular basis 75% similar to the pharmaceutical agent is used. This process is preferably followed by steps of diafiltration clean-up of the dispersion and then concentration of it to a desired level. This process of dispersion preparation leads to microcrystalline particles of Z-average diameters smaller than 400 nm as measured by photon correlation spectroscopy. Various modifications of precipitation schemes are described, many of which are suitable for large-scale manufacture of these agent dispersions.

Microprecipitation of nanoparticulate pharmaceutical agents using

It has been known that administration of pharmaceutical agents (both diagnostic and therapeutic) with poor water solubility in the form of particles less than 400 nm in diameter produces agent formulation with increased bioavailibility. Bioavailability being proportional to the surface area, increases with reduction of particle size of the dispersed agent. We have discovered that chemical derivatization of certain photographic coupler molecules with chemical moiety that are capable of functioning as pharmaceutical agents (both diagnostic and therapeutic) is amenable to the preparation of nanoparticulate pharmaceutical agent dispersions via a process that comprises the dissolution of the said pharmaceutical agent in an alkaline solution and then neutralizing the said solution with an acid in the presence of a suitable surface-modifying, surface-active agent to form an ultra fine particle dispersion of the said pharmaceutical agent. The composition and process of this invention leads to particles of Z-average diameters as small as up to 10 nm as measured by photon correlation spectroscopy. The composition and process schemes of this invention are suitable for large-scale manufacture of these micro-nanoparticulate pharmaceutical agent dispersions.

Microprecipitation of micro-nanoparticulate pharmaceutical agents

This invention provides a composition comprised of nanoparticles containing a therapeutic or diagnostic agent having a block copolymer linked to at least one anionic group as a surface modifier adsorbed on the surface thereof and a method of making such nanoparticles. The compositions exhibit unexpectedly improved autoclave stability, reduced macrophage uptake, improved toxicological profiles and facilitate particle size reduction such that milling time can be reduced and/or sterile filtration of the nanoparticles can be accomplished.

Sulfated nonionic block copolymer surfactants as stabilizer coatings for

This invention describes the preparation of nanoparticulate pharmaceutical agent dispersion via a process that comprises the dissolution of the said pharmaceutical agent in an alkaline solution and then neutralizing the said solution with an acid in the presence of a suitable surface-modifying, surface-active agent to form a fine particle dispersion of the said pharmaceutical agent. This can be preferably followed by steps of diafiltration clean-up of the dispersion and then concentration of it to a desired level. This process of dispersion preparation leads to microcrystalline particles of Z-average diameters smaller than 400 nm as measured by photon correlation spectroscopy. Various modification of precipitation schemes are described, many of which are suitable for large-scale manufacture of these agent dispersions.

Microprecipitation of nanoparticulate pharmaceutical agents

Disclosed are x-ray contrast compositions for oral or retrograde examination of the gastrointestinal tract comprising iodophenoxy alkanes and iodophenyl ethers as the x-ray producing agents in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable clay in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and methods for their use in diagnostic radiology of the gastrointestinal tract.

Compositions of iodophenoxy alkanes and iodophenyl ethers and

Disclosed are x-ray contrast compositions for oral or retrograde examination of the gastrointestinal tract comprising iodophenoxy alkylene ethers and pharmaceutically acceptable clays in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and methods for their use in diagnostic radiology of the gastrointestinal tract.

Compositions of iodophenoxy alkylene ethers and pharmaceutically

Disclosed are x-ray contrast compositions for oral or retrograde examination of the gastrointestinal tract comprising iodobenzoic acid derivatives as the x-ray producing agents in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable clay in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and methods for their use in diagnostic radiology of the gastrointestinal tract.

Compositions of iodobenzoic acid derivatives and pharmaceutically

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West Chester, PA, United States of America

Gregory L McIntire