Xerox Corporation

Palo Alto Research Center Inc.

Gregory J Kovacs

Meng H Lean

Armin R Volkel

Eric Peeters

Warren Bruce Jackson

Raj B Apte

Joel A Kubby

Dan A Hays

Jaan Noolandi

Philip D Floyd

Gregory B Anderson

Steven B Bolte

Frederick Joseph Endicott

An-Chang Shi

Jonathan A Small

Delmer G Parker

Rafik O Loutfy

Man C Tam

Stephan V Drappel

Guerino G Sacripante

Thomas L Paoli

Anthony J Paine

Fatima M Pontes

David Kalman Biegelsen

Carol A Jennings

G A Connell

Richard P N Veregin

Karen Ann Moffat

Ah-Mee Hor

Zoran D Popovic

Andrew A Berlin

T Brian McAneney

Maria N V McDougall

Ross D Bringans

Danielle C Boils

Lars Erik Swartz

Paul D Szabo

Harlan Forrest Chung

G A Neville Connell

Brian D Lesser

Rose M Donaldson

William J Mosby

Eva E Taggart

Marcel Philippe Breton

Vittorio R Castelli

David P Bour

Shadi L Malhotra

Hadi K Mahabadi

James Daniel Mayo

Sandra J Gardner

Scott Alan Elrod

Ashish V Pattekar

Steven E Ready

Richard G Stearns

Paul Joseph Gerroir

Cheng-Kuo Hsiao

Richard P Veregin

John S Berkes

Michael K Georges

Joy Roy

Giuseppa Baranyi

Christopher A Paulson

Donald Leonard Smith

Tibor S Fisli

T Hwee Ng

Terry L Bluhm

Gerald R Allison

Fatima M Mayer

Arnold L Pundsack

Kevin J Beernink

B W Yeung

Paul S Vincett

Philip H Soden

Michael G Taylor

Ronald Forstinger

Christopher Rodgers

Hany M Aboushaka

Judith P Meester

R Donald Yingling, Jr

R Donald Yingling, Jr Deceased

G A Neville Connel

R Donald Yinling, Deceased

Donald R Yingling, Jr, Deceased

Steven Bloembergen

Eric M Peters

Methods of leveling ink on substrates and apparatuses useful in printing are provided. An exemplary embodiment of the methods includes irradiating ink disposed on a surface of a porous substrate with radiation emitted by at least one radiant energy source. The radiation heats the ink to at least a viscosity threshold temperature of the ink to allow the ink to flow laterally on the surface to produce leveling of the ink. The ink is heated sufficiently rapidly that heat transfer from the ink to the substrate is sufficiently small during the leveling that ink at the substrate interface is cooled to a temperature below the viscosity threshold temperature thereby preventing any significant ink permeation into the substrate.

Methods of leveling ink on substrates and apparatuses useful in printing

An ink leveling device for controlling a temperature difference across a substrate having ink disposed on the upper surface, the device including a cooling device cooling a bottom of a substrate to a first temperature that is lower than a viscosity threshold temperature of the ink, a heating device heating the upper surface of the ink layer to a second temperature that is greater than the viscosity threshold temperature of the ink and a device applying shear force across the upper surface of the ink layer.

Device for leveling ink under a thermal gradient

An ink composition comprised of (1) a polymer; (2) an acid compound of the formula CH (CH ) (CH CH&boxH;CH) (CH ) COOH wherein n, m, and p represent the number of segments; (3) a conductive component; (4) a lightfastness component; and (5) a colorant.

Ink compositions

A method for treating a substrate is disclosed in which a propellant stream is passed through a channel and directed toward a substrate. Substrate pre-marking or post-marking treatment material is controllably introduced into the propellant stream and imparted with sufficient kinetic energy thereby to be made incident upon a substrate. A multiplicity of channels for directing the propellant and treatment material allow for high throughput, high resolution in-situ treatment. Marking materials and treatment materials may be introduced into the channel and mixed therein prior to being made incident on the substrate, or mixed or superimposed on the substrate without registration. One example is a single-pass, full-color printer.

Method of treating a substrate employing a ballistic aerosol marking apparatus

A method of forming and moving ink drops across a gap between a print head and a print medium, or intermediate print medium, in a marking device includes generating an electric field, forming the ink drops adjacent the print head and controlling the electric field. The electric field is generated to extend across the gap. The ink drops are formed in an area adjacent the print head. The electric field is controlled such that an electrical attraction force exerted on the formed ink drops by the electric field is the greatest force acting on the ink drops. The marking device may be incorporated into a transfuse printing system having an intermediate print medium made of one or more materials that allow for lateral dissipation of electrical charge from the incident ink drops.

Method and apparatus for moving ink drops using an electric field and transfuse printing system using the same

A marking apparatus is disclosed in which a propellant stream is passed through a channel and directed toward a substrate. Marking material, such as ink, toner, etc., is controllably introduced into the propellant stream and imparted with sufficient kinetic energy thereby to be made incident upon a substrate. At sufficient velocity, and with appropriate marking material, the marking material may be kinetically fused to the substrate. A multiplicity of channels for directing the propellant and marking material allow for high throughput, high resolution marking. Multiple marking materials may be introduced into the channel and mixed therein prior to being made incident on the substrate, or mixed or superimposed on the substrate without registration. One example is a single-pass, full-color printer.

Ballistic aerosol marking apparatus for marking a substrate

A cartridge is disclosed for use in a marking apparatus in which a propellant stream is passed through a channel and directed toward a substrate. Marking material, such as ink, toner, etc., is controllably introduced into the propellant stream and imparted with sufficient kinetic energy thereby to be made incident upon a substrate. A multiplicity of channels for directing the propellant and marking material allow for high throughput, high resolution marking. Multiple marking materials may be introduced into the channel and mixed therein prior to being made incident on the substrate, or mixed or superimposed on the substrate without re-registration. The cartridge may be replacably attached to the marking apparatus, and may contain one or more marking materials, propellant, etc.

Cartridge for use in a ballistic aerosol marking apparatus

A method of marking is disclosed in which a propellant stream is passed through a channel and directed toward a substrate. Liquid marking material, such as ink, is controllably introduced into the propellant stream and imparted with sufficient kinetic energy thereby to be made incident upon a substrate. A multiplicity of channels for directing the propellant and marking material allow for high throughput, high resolution marking. Multiple marking materials may be introduced into the channel and mixed therein prior to being made incident on the substrate, or mixed or superimposed on the substrate without registration. One example is a single-pass, full-color printer.

Method for marking with a liquid material using a ballistic aerosol marking apparatus

A method of marking employs a marking apparatus in which a propellant stream is passed through a channel and directed toward a substrate. Marking material, such as ink, toner, etc., is controllably introduced into the propellant stream and imparted with sufficient kinetic energy thereby to be made incident upon a substrate. At sufficient velocity, and with appropriate marking material, the marking material may be kinetically fused to the substrate. A multiplicity of channels for directing the propellant and marking material allow for high throughput, high resolution marking. Multiple marking materials may be introduced into the channel and mixed therein prior to being made incident on the substrate, or mixed or superimposed on the substrate without registration. One example is single-pass, full-color printing.

Method of marking a substrate employing a ballistic aerosol marking apparatus

An apparatus for treating a substrate is disclosed in which a propellant stream is passed through a channel and directed toward a substrate. Substrate pre-marking or post-marking treatment material is controllably introduced into the propellant stream and imparted with sufficient kinetic energy thereby to be made incident upon a substrate. A multiplicity of channels for directing the propellant and treatment material allow for high throughput, high resolution in-situ treatment. Marking materials and treatment materials may be introduced into the channel and mixed therein prior to being made incident on the substrate, or mixed or superimposed on the substrate without registration. One example is a single-pass, full-color printer.

Ballistic aerosol marking apparatus for treating a substrate

A marking apparatus is disclosed in which a propellant stream is passed through a channel and directed toward a substrate. A liquid marking material, such as ink, is controllably introduced into the propellant stream and imparted with sufficient kinetic energy thereby to be made incident upon a substrate. A multiplicity of channels for directing the propellant and marking material allow for high throughput, high resolution marking. Multiple marking materials may be introduced into the channel and mixed therein prior to being made incident on the substrate, or mixed or superimposed on the substrate without registration. One example is a single-pass, full-color printer.

Ballistic aerosol making apparatus for marking with a liquid material

Disclosed is a process for preparing copolymers which comprises, in the order stated: (1) adding monomers containing unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds, a first polymerization initiator, a second polymerization initiator, and a solvent to a reaction vessel; (2) purging the resulting solution with an inert gas; (3) sealing the reaction vessel and pressurizing it by addition of an inert gas to a pressure of from about 20 to about 600 kilopascals over ambient atmospheric pressure; (4) maintaining the temperature within the pressurized reaction vessel at a temperature of from about 50 to about 100.degree. C. for a period of from about 60 to about 300 minutes; (5) thereafter maintaining the temperature within the pressurized reaction vessel at a temperature of from about 80 to about 115.degree. C. for a period of from about 30 to about 300 minutes, wherein the temperature in step (5) is higher than the temperature in step (4); and (6) subsequently maintaining the temperature within the pressurized reaction vessel at a temperature of from about 115 to about 160.degree. C. for a period of from about 30 to about 180 minutes, wherein the temperature in step (6) is higher than the temperature in step (5). Polymers prepared according to the process of the present invention can be particularly useful in migration imaging members.

Processes for preparing copolymers

A process for the preparation of carrier comprised of mixing in a high shear device a carrier core and a carrier coating.

Coated carrier

Xerographic printing system using a Raster Output Scanning (ROS) system incorporating a two wavelength (.lambda.) laser diode source for the ROS and a charge retentive member in the form of a belt or drum structure which is responsive to the two wavelengths. The printing system utilizes a CAD development system in addition to two DAD developments during the second pass for enabling the addition of a gamut broadening color resulting in process color imaging with an enhanced gamut.

Enhanced color gamut from 2-pass xerocolography with 2.lambda. imager

A hot melt ink composition comprised of a triblock copolymer vehicle, and a dye or pigment.

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Mississauga, Canada

Gregory J Kovacs