University System of Maryland

United States of America, As Represented by the Secretary of Agriculture

Wichita State University

Gregory F Payne

William E Bentley

Reza Ghodssi

Gary W Rubloff

Hyunmin Yi

Li-Qun Wu

Srinivasa R Raghavan

Matthew Dowling

Douglas Stephen English

Thomas E Winkler

Rohan Fernandes

Tianhong Chen

Eunkyoung Kim

Deanna L Kelly

Xiao-Wen Shi

Philip R DeShong

Maryann M Taylor

Chao Zhu

Wolfgang Losert

Eleanor M Brown

George Banis

Yi Liu

Christopher Kitchen

W Lee Meyer

David A Small

Guneet Kumar

Heather D Embree

Hadar Ben-Yoav

Neeraja Dashaputre

Mijeong Kang

Hsuan-Chen Wu

Vishal Javvaji

Wei-Qiang Sun

Jennifer Chu

Kimberlee K Wallace

Methods are provided that allow global access to redox-based molecular information by coupling electrochemical measurements with signal processing approaches. More specifically, the disclosure provides methods that rely on the use of redox probes to assay samples for redox activities that act to exchange electrons with the probe thereby generating detectable optical and electrochemical signature signals that can then be assigned to a sample feature of interest. In particular embodiments, the disclosed assay methods are useful for diagnosis and prognosis of disorders, such as schizophrenia, that are found to be associated with a specific redox-based signature within a subject sample.

Redox probing for chemical information

A lab on a chip device includes a whole blood inlet port and microchannels to transport a whole blood sample or plasma skimmed from the whole blood sample into a detection chamber that includes at least one 3-electrode set of a counter electrode, a working electrode and a reference electrode. The counter electrode, the working electrode and the reference electrode may present bare, unmodified surfaces that are disposed so that clozapine present in the whole blood sample is detected via a reduction-oxidation reaction. Alternatively, the working electrode surface may include catechol grafted to chitosan. A method of detecting analytes and biomarkers includes collecting a whole blood sample, loading the sample into a point-of-care testing (POCT) device that includes at least one working electrode; testing the sample for the occurrence of a redox reaction; and calculating the total oxidative charge when the working electrode is bare or modified as before.

Analytical micro-devices for mental health treatment monitoring

The present invention provides a novel biomaterial which is a hybrid, self-assembling biopolymeric networked film that is functionalized through hydrophobic interactions with vesicles loaded with bioactive agents. The biomaterial compound is a polymeric network of hydrophobically modified chitosan scaffolds that is taken from solution and formed as a solid film. This solid state film is capable of hydrophobic interactions with the functionalized vesicles. The vesicles include one or more lamellar structures forming one or more nano-compartments that are capable of containing similar or alternative active moieties within. Use of the film results in a degradation of the chitosan scaffold thereby releasing the active moieties within the vesicles from the scaffold. Application of the current invention occurs through various delivery mechanisms and routes of administration as will be described herein.

Advanced functional biocompatible polymeric matrix containing nano-compartments

A biosensor comprising an electrically conductive substrate coated with a modified chitosan biopolymer that has been electrodeposited on the substrate, wherein said modified chitosan biopolymer comprises at least one vesicle binding molecule. The biosensor is manufactured by a method where a modified chitosan biopolymer is electrodeposited on a substrate. The method is also used to manufacture a modified chitosan biopolymer film by electrodeposition of the chitosan on the substrate and later removing the film from the substrate after electrodeposition. The resulting film can be used in bandages to treat various types of wounds. The biosensor can also be used to detect various analytes in samples.

Method and system for capture and use of intact vesicles on electrodeposited hydrophobically modified biopolymer films

Biofunctionalized fibers including a fiber platform and a histidine-tagged protein and, optionally, an antibody. Chitosan is a fiber useful as the fiber platform. The fiber platform may be treated with nickel or may be directly linked to the histidine-tagged protein e.g., histidine-tagged streptococcal IgG-binding protein, protein G, protein G3T, GFP or RFP. The resulting biofunctionalized fibers can be assembled into protein fiber assemblies by a variety of biofabrication methods. The fiber assemblies, e.g., in the form of woven fabrics, are useful for (i) antigen capture; (ii) immunoanalysis, and/or (iii) multiplexed analysis. In one fabrication, each fiber of a fiber assembly presents a specific antibody, and mixing and matching of fibers, for example by weaving of fabrics from various antibody-presenting fibers, allows for multiple antigens to be captured simultaneously for multiplexed analysis.

Fibrous assemblies for antibody presentation, and multiplexed antigenic analysis using same

A method of forming a bioelectronic device including a protein on an electrically conductive substrate, by electrodepositing aminopolysaccharide chitosan on the substrate while applying a cathodic voltage to the substrate, to form an aminopolysaccharide chitosan film thereon, applying an anodic voltage to the substrate in the presence of NaCl to activate the aminopolysaccharide chitosan film so that it is reactive with protein. The method also optionally includes reacting the aminopolysaccharide film, after activation thereof, with the protein, so that the protein assembles on and is coupled to the substrate, thereby forming a bioelectronic device. The protein can include single or multiple protein species, and including biosensing proteins. Additional methods include biosensing of electrochemically active compounds either present in a sample or generated during a biological recognition event and devices useful in such methods. The resulting devices are useful as sensors in hand-held devices, textiles, garments and the like.

Chitosan-coated wires for biosensing

A method is provided for electrochemically depositing a polysaccharide mass having a selected physical state. According to an embodiment, an electrically conductive support of a substrate is contacted with an aqueous solution including a selectively insolubilizable polysaccharide, and the selectively insolubilizable polysaccharide is electrochemically deposited on the electrically conductive support while controlling deposition conditions to form the polysaccharide mass having the selected physical state, such as that of a hydrogel. Deposition may be performed in a spatially and/or temporally controlled manner. 

Controlled electrochemical deposition of polysaccharide films and hydrogels, and materials formed therefrom

A method for biolithographical deposition of molecules is provided. According to an embodiment of the method, a reactive layer (e.g., a polysaccharide mass) having a surface region coated with a biologically compatible resist is provided. A portion of the biologically compatible resist is selectively removed to expose an exposed portion of the reactive layer. Molecules, such as biomolecules and/or cellular species, are then conjugated to the exposed portion of the reactive layer. Also provided are materials and devices related to the method.

Biolithographical deposition and materials and devices formed therefrom

A method is provided for electrochemically depositing a polymer with spatial selectivity. A substrate having a substrate surface is contacted with an aqueous solution containing a selectively insolubilizable polysaccharide, such as chitosan, which is subjected to electrochemically treatment to deposit, with spatial selectivity, the selectively insolubilizable polysaccharide on a patterned electrically conductive portion of the substrate surface.

Spatially selective deposition of polysaccharide layer onto patterned template

The present invention is directed to homogeneous phase enzyme-catalyzed processes for producing modified chitosan polymers or oligomers. An enzyme is reacted with a phenolic substrate in the presence of a chitosan polymer or oligomer to produce a modified chitosan polymer or oligomer. The invention also includes modified chitosan polymers or oligomers produced by the novel processes, in particular modified chitosan polymers or oligomers having useful functional properties, such as base solubility and/or high viscosity.

Modified chitosan polymers and enzymatic methods for the production thereof

Gels and polymers comprising a polypeptide bound to a polysaccharide are disclosed. Specific polypeptides include, but are not limited to, polypeptides that comprise glutamine or tyrosine residues. Specific polysaccharides include, but are not limited to, chitosan. Gels and polymers of the invention can be used for the in vitro and in situ formation of protein-polysaccharide conjugates. Methods of making polypeptide/polysaccharide gels and polymers are also disclosed.

Polysaccharide-based polymers and methods of making the same

A method for the selective separation of a particular compound from a mixture of compounds, by enzymatically converting a weakly adsorbable compound to a strongly adsorbable compound, and binding the converted compound to a material of appropriate chemical properties is described. Also described are methods for removing contaminants from wastewater streams, and from intermediate chemical process streams.

Two step process for conversion of a weakly adsorbable compound to a

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Hunt Valley, MD, United States of America

Gregory F Payne