USA As Represented by Secretary of the Navy

Gregory C Mooradian

Larry B Stotts

A method and apparatus for broadcasting, transferring and disbursing infotion from space to earth uses sunlight as the carrier. An orbiting platform receives sunlight and modulates it with electromagnetic signals carrying the information beamed up from an earth station, communications satellite or aircraft. The modulated sunlight is directed to a designated area on earth from the orbiting platform where it penetrates clouds as well as seawater to reach surface and submerged receiving stations including submarines.

Satellite mounted system for transferring information using modulated

A true indication of a fluid's absorption coefficient takes into effect the contributing factors of absorption and particle multiple scattering. A pulsed optical source transmits radiation through a relatively large volume of a certain particulate fluid medium. A detector or irradiance meter is gated so as to provide waveforms on a monitor which are characteristic of the absorption and multiple scattering of the medium. Using the transmittance and multiple line spread of the received signal a nearly real-time in situ analysis can be performed to provide scientists, communications specialists, etc. with the capability to anticipate operational parameters.

Method for determining in situ the absorption coefficient of particulate

An apparatus and method for measuring the diffuse absorption coefficient of seawater provides reliable readings. An emitter of pulsed light is disposed below the water's surface and an irradiance receiver is located between the pulsed light emitter and the water's surface. Because the irradiance receiver is facing downward, is separated from the light emitter a given amount and may be disposed a suitable distance below the water's surface, reliable day and nighttime readings are obtained that are unaffected by atmospheric or surface conditions.

Nighttime/daytime diffuse attenuation coefficient device for seawater

An apparatus and method for broadcasting and optically transmitting data from an orbiting satellite employs an inflatable balloon-like envelope for receiving and collecting sunlight, a remotely driven modulator for impressing information by modulating received sunlight and another inflatable balloon-like envelope for redirecting the modulated sunlight to a designated area on earth. Sequential addressing of spot areas results in large area broadcast. In addition to using freely available sunlight, the complexity and bulk of the sunlight and redirecting surfaces are greatly reduced to enable the launched deployment of a larger, and hence, more effective communication system.

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Del Mar, CA, United States of America

Gregory C Mooradian