Amazon Technologies, Inc.

Grant Strimel

Ariya Rastrow

Jonathan Jenner Macoskey

Sachin Grover

Bjorn Hoffmeister

Eli Joshua Fidler

Kai Wei

Athanasios Mouchtaris

Nathan Anthony Susanj

Thanh Dac Tran

Srikanth Subramaniam

Benjamin Li

Markus Mueller

Pavlo Stelmakh

Pavel Kveton

Sunwoo Kim

Systems and methods for speech processing utilizing customized embeddings include receiving a first textual representation of first audio data and intent data indicating an intent of a first voice command. A first embedding may be generated from the textual representation and stored on the device. Second audio data representing a second voice command may be received and a second embedding may be generated therefrom. The first embedding may be determined to have at least a threshold similarity to the second embedding, and an intent may be determined that is associated with the second voice command. An action may be performed utilizing the intent.

Speech processing utilizing customized embeddings

Techniques for reducing latency in processing of audio data, where the latency may be caused in detecting audio of interest in the audio data, are described. A device that captures audio data may include a detection component to determine when the audio data includes audio of interest (e.g., device-directed speech), and an audio embedding generator to generate embedding vectors for the captured audio data while the detection component processes the audio data. The device may generate an embedding vector for audio data captured at the device for a duration of time; determine, at the end of the duration of time, that the audio data represents audio of interest; and send the embedding vector to an audio processing component (e.g., an automatic speech recognition component) for processing.

Low latency audio processing techniques

Techniques for using multiple machine learning (ML) models, with varying compute costs, for ASR processing is described. The system may include an arbitrator component configured to determine which ML model is to be used to process an audio frame from a sequence of audio frames representing a spoken natural language input. The arbitrator component may switch between the ML models, on a frame-by-frame basis, to reduce an overall compute cost for the entire spoken natural language input. The outputs of the different ML models may be combined to determine the final output for the entire spoken natural language input.

Speech processing techniques

Techniques for determining and storing relevant context information for a user input, such as a spoken input, are described. In some embodiments, context information is determined to be relevant on an audio frame basis. Context scores for different types of context data (e.g., prior dialog turn data, user profile data, device information, etc.) are determined for individual audio frames corresponding to a spoken input. Based on the corresponding context scores, the most relevant context is stored in a local context cache. The local context cache is updated as subsequent audio frames, of the user input, are processed. The data stored in the context cache is provided to downstream components to perform tasks such as ASR, NLU and SLU.

Relevant context determination

Some devices may perform processing using machine learning models trained at a centralized system and distributed to the device. The centralized system may update the machine learning model and distribute the update to the device (or devices). To reduce the size of an update, the centralized system may train a model update object, which may be smaller in size than the model itself and thus more suitable for sending to the device(s). A device may receive the model update object and use it to update the on-device machine learning model; for example, by changing some parameters of the model. Parameters left unchanged during the update may retain their previous value. Thus, using the model update object to update the on-device model may result in a more accurate updated model when compared to sending an updated model compressed to a size similar to that of the model update object.

Updating models with trained model update objects

Devices and techniques are generally described for compression of natural language processing models. A first index value to a first address of a weight table may be stored in a hash table. The first address may store a first weight associated with a first feature of a natural language processing model. A second index value to a second address of the weight table may be stored in the hash table. The second address may store a second weight associated with a second feature of the natural language processing model. A first code associated with the first feature and comprising a first number of bits may be generated. A second code may be generated associated with the second feature and comprising a second number of bits greater than the first number of bits based on a magnitude of the second weight being greater than a magnitude of the first weight.

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Presto, PA, United States of America

Grant Strimel