Goran R Vlajnic

Michael T Davis

Bien H Chiem

Siyu Ye

Bruce Lin

Francine Berretta

Performance in solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells can be improved by varying the characteristics of the ionomer used in the electrode of a membrane electrode assembly. For instance, increasing the ionomer to catalyst ratio can allow for improved performance under drier operating conditions (e.g., when less humidified reactants or higher operating temperatures are used) or when starting up in below freezing conditions.

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Burnaby, Canada

Goran R Vlajnic