International Business Machines Corporation

Glenn Allen Held

Do Yeung Yoon

Robert Dennis Miller

Shui-Chih Alan Lien

Uwe Paul Schroeder

Anthony Cyril Lowe

Robert J Twieg

Yuhai Tu

Geoffrey Grinstein

Ali Afzali-Arkadani

Techniques for analyzing gene expression levels are provided. In one aspect of the invention, the technique provides a method for determining a concentration level of a target nucleic acid, the target nucleic acid comprising at least one target oligonucleotide. The method determines (i) a measure of affinity value of the target oligonucleotide with a probe oligonucleotide; and (ii) a hybridization intensity value for the target oligonucleotide and the probe oligonucleotide at a probe spot. The measure of affinity value and the hybridization intensity value are used to determine the concentration level of the target nucleic acid.

Method and apparatus for determining gene expression levels

The present invention relates to a light-modulating composition comprising a low molecular weight liquid crystalline material dispersed in a polymer including a non-mesogenic crosslinking monomer reacted with a mesogenic monomer comprising a mesogenic group, a spacer, and one or more reactive functionality.

Liquid crystalline light-modulating device

An in-plane switched liquid crystal device IPS LCD which provides fast switching times is formed by filling an empty IPS LCD panel having an array of display elements with a mixture of nematic liquid crystal material and a mesogenic polymerizable material, such as monomers or polymer precursers and suitable photoinitiators, curing, or cross-linking agents, and then polymerizing the mixture such that a phase-separated network of cross-linked polymer strands is formed. The cross-linked network of polymer strands displays an average orientation whose average orientation substantially conforms with nematic orientation of the nematic liquid crystal material in its &ldquo;field-off&rdquo; state.

Polymer stabilized in-plane switched LCD

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Pelham, NY, United States of America

Glenn Allen Held