Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation

Ciba-geigy Corporation

Basf Se Corporation

Nalco/exxon Energy Chemicals,l.p.

Glen T Cunkle

Raymond R Seltzer

Thomas Friend Thompson

Joseph E Babiarz

David Devore

Paul A Odorisio

Jean-Pierre Wolf

Matthew E Gande

Randall B Nelson

Cyril Heitner

Donald J Sabrsula

Peter F McGarry

John A Schmidt

Ramanathan Ravichandran

Roland A Winter

Werner Rutsch

Volker H Von Ahn

Stephen D Pastor

Ted Deisenroth

Peter Hofmann

Michael Kuepfert

Lauren Junker

Steven N Saunders

Vishal Ramnarine

Neethu Abraham

Don Sabrsula

Peter Nesvadba

Clemens Auschra

Matthias Gerst

Chien Hsu

Manfred K&ouml;hler

Leslie R Gatechair

Roland A E Winter

Akbar Hussaini

Afsaneh Nabifar

Joshua Speros

Singa D Tobing

Augusto Ramos Cucala

Limei Lu

Sujith Chacko

A method of damping mechanical vibration includes applying on a source of mechanical vibration a formulation including an aqueous polymer emulsion prepared by an emulsion polymerization reaction of at least one emulsion-polymerizable monomer and a support resin.

Aqueous polymer emulsions for sound damping applications

The application relates to oral care compositions comprising substantive polyesters formed from xylitol, polycarboxylic acids (or esters, acid halides or anhydrides thereof) and optionally arginine. The formed polyesters or polyesteramides are active in biofilm inhibition and dissolution to maintain clean teeth.

Oral care compositions

The application relates to oral care compositions comprising substantive polyesteramides formed from polyols, polycarboxylic acids (or esters, anhydrides or halides thereof) and arginine. The formed polyesteramides are active in biofilm inhibition, biofilm dissolution and retarding or preventing acid production from oral bacteria.

Selected chlorohydrin and cationic compounds containing nitroxide or hydroxylamine moieties are effective in stabilizing pulp or paper, especially pulp or paper containing lignin, against yellowing and discoloration due to the adverse effects of light. These compounds are added at various points in the paper-making process, especially at the wet ends, making the need for water soluble or water dispersible materials having high affinity for pulp or paper essential. This performance is often further enhanced by the presence of one or more coadditives selected from the group consisting of the UV absorbers, the polymeric inhibitors, the nitrones, the fluorescent whitening agents and metal chelating agents. Combinations of hydroxylamines or their salts, benzotriazole or benzophenone UV absorbers and a metal chelating agent are particularly effective.

Chlorohydrin and cationic compounds having high affinity for pulp or paper

The invention relates to a method of protecting wood against light-induced degradation by treatment with an impregnation which penetrates the surface of the wood comprising a) water without an organic solvent and b) a selected sterically hindered amine N-oxyl or N-hydroxyl. A further subject is the use of a sterically hindered amine N-oxyl or N-hydroxyl for the stabilization of wood.

Stabilization of wood substrates

Chemical pulps or papers, especially kraft pulps or papers, which may still contain traces of lignin, have enhanced resistance to yellowing when they contain an effective stabilizing amount of a N,N-dialkylhydroxylamine, an ester, amide or thio substituted N,N-dialkylhydroxylamine or N,N-dibenzylhydroxylamine or an amminium salt thereof. This performance is often further enhanced by the presence of one or more coadditives selected from the group consisting of the UV absorbers, the polymeric inhibitors, the nitrones, the fluorescent whitening agents and metal chelating agents. Combinations of hydroxylamines or their salts, benzotriazole or benzophenone UV absorbers and a metal chelating agent are particularly effective. N,N-Diethylhydroxylamine and N,N-dibenzylhydroxylamine and their acid salts are surprisingly effective for this purpose.

Inhibition of pulp and paper yellowing using hydroxylamines and other coadditives

Pulps or papers, especially chemimechanical or thermomechanical pulps or papers, which still contain lignin, have enhanced resistance to yellowing when they contain an effective stabilizing amount of a hindered amine compound which preferably is a nitroxide, a hydroxylamine or an ammonium salt thereof. This performance is often further enhanced by the presence of one or more coadditives selected from the group consisting of the UV absorbers, the polymeric inhibitors, the nitrones, the fluorescent whitening agents, metal chelating agents, sulfur containing stabilizers, metal salts and diene compounds. Combinations of nitroxides, hydroxylamines or their salts, benzotriazole or benzophenone UV absorbers and a metal chelating agent are particularly effective. Selected derivatives of 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-ol and selected hydroxylamine salts are novel compounds and are surprisingly effective for this purpose.

Inhibition of pulp and paper yellowing using nitroxides, hydroxylamines and other coadditives

Pulps or papers, especially chemimechanical or thermomechanical pulps or papers, which still contain lignin, have enhanced resistance to yellowing when they contain an effective stabilizing amount of a hindered amine compound which preferably is a nitroxide, a hydroxylamine or an ammonium salt thereof. This performance is often further enhanced by the presence of one or more coadditives selected from the group consisting of the UV absorbers, the polymeric inhibitors, the nitrones, the fluorescent whitening agents, metal chelating agents, sulfur containing stabilizers, metal salts and diene compounds. Combinations of nitroxides, hydroxylamines or their salts, benzotriazole or benzophenone UV absorbers and a metal chelating agent are particularly effective. Selected derivatives of 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-ol and selected hydroxylamine salts are novel compounds and are surprisingly effective for this purpose.

Selected polymeric stabilizers with pendant nitroxide, hydroxylamine or hydroxy-ammonium salt groups B are water soluble or water dispersible and have high affinity to pulp or paper. These stabilizers prevent the loss of brightness and enhance resistance to yellowing in pulp or paper, especially pulp or paper containing lignin. These compounds are added at various points in the paper-making process, especially at the wet ends, making the need for water soluble or water dispersible materials having high affinity for pulp or paper essential. This performance is often further enhanced by the presence of one or more coadditives selected from the group consisting of the UV absorbers, the polymeric inhibitors, the nitrones, the fluorescent whitening agents and metal chelating agents. Combinations of hydroxylamines or their salts, benzotriazole or benzophenone UV absorbers and a metal chelating agent are particularly effective.

Polymeric stabilizers with high affinity to pulp

1,2-Bis-adducts of stable hindered nitroxide compounds with substituted ethylenes are prepared by reacting two equivalents of nitroxyl compound with an ethylenically unsaturated compound such as styrene or an acrylate ester. These adducts are very effective inhibitors to prevent the premature polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers when such monomers are distilled, processed or stored.

1,2-bis-adducts of stable nitroxides with substituted ethylenes and stabilized compositions

An environmentally friendly process for the preparation of the 4-functionalized N&mdash;OR derivatives of 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidines involves the hydrogen peroxide of the corresponding N&mdash;H compound to form the corresponding N-oxyl derivative, reacting two equivalents of the N-oxyl compound with one equivalent of a compound having an allylic hydrogen, a benzylic hydrogen or an activated methine hydrogen to form one equivalent of the corresponding N&mdash;OH compound and one equivalent of the corresponding N&mdash;OR compound, and recycling the N&mdash;OH compound back to the corresponding N-oxyl compound using hydrogen peroxide or air.

Process for the synthesis of 4-substituted N-&lsqb;(alk-2-en-1-yl)oxy&rsqb;-and N-aralkyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidines

When a nitroxyl compound is heated in an oxygen-free atmosphere with a vinyl aromatic monomer at 50-140.degree. C. for up to 60 days, it forms an activated inhibitor mixture which is superior to the nitroxyl compound itself in preventing the premature polymerization of a vinyl aromatic monomer during its processing and purification.

Inhibiting polymerization of vinyl aromatic monomers

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Stamford, CT, United States of America

Glen T Cunkle