Bayer Aktiengesellschaft

Gerhard Winter

Peter Woditsch

Jakob Rademachers

Hans-Dieter Block

Hans J Rosenkranz

Franz Hund

Heinrich Heine

Friedhelm Muller

Gunter Linde

Manfred Mansmann

Ingo Pflugmacher

Karl Brandle

Heinz-Peter Hemmerich

Werner Fuhr

Walter Gutsche

Friedrich Hinsche

Walter Deissmann

Martin Muller

Hans Zirngibl

Steel, wood and other structural elements and substrates are flameproofed by being coated with a composition comprising at least one metal salt of a phosphonocarboxylic or phosphonophosphonic acid of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 =a carboxy group, a phosphono group, an alkyl, alkoxy or alkylamino radical optionally substituted one or more times by oxygen and/or nitrogen and containing at least one substituent from the group comprising the substitutents --COOH and --PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, the alkyl group containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the sum of the number of carboxyl and phosphono groups being from 1 to 8, preferably from 1 to 4; or a hydroxyalkyl or aminoalkyl radical containing from 1 to 12 and preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,

Flameproofing substrate

Titanates of zinc and/or alkaline earth metals are produced by simultaneously adding to a suspension of finely divided TiO.sub.2, maintained at a substantially constant pH above about 8, a solution of a salt of zinc and/or alkaline earth metal and alkali to form a hydroxide precipitate. Filtration produces a filter cake mixture of TiO.sub.2 and hydroxide and calcination at above 500.degree. C. produces the desired titanate of narrow particle size distribution and desirable optical properties. Non-simultaneous addition results in a non-filterable material. Zinc, magnesium and/or calcium are preferred and doping elements such as aluminum, phosphorus, boron and/or silicon may also be present.

Production of zinc and alkaline earth metal titanates

In a two-stage process for producing black iron oxide pigments wherein an iron salt solution is alkalized in a first stage to precipitate about 55 to 70% of the iron, the solution is oxidized to convert the precipitate to goethite, the solution is further alkalized in a second stage to precipitate the balance of the iron, the precipitated iron II hydroxide is allowed to react with goethite to form magnetite, the improvement which comprises effecting the second stage in the presence of an inorganic ionic compound of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, aluminum, chromium, titanium, zirconium and vanadium in about 0.05 to 5% calculated as metal based on the weight of the final pigment. The resulting pigment is of high color intensity, narrow grain distribution range and pronounced magnetite structure.

Production of black iron oxide pigments

A plastic composition degradable under the influence of weather or light, comprising a plastic material and finely divided titanium dioxide with a specific surface of more than about 20 m.sup.2 /g. Preferably the titanium dioxide is obtained by hydrolyzing titanium sulfate in aqueous solution, has a predominantly anatase structure, a lightening power of less than about 400, a specific surface of about 60 to 400 m.sup.2 /g and is present in about 0.5 to 5% by weight of the composition, and the plastic material is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamides and ABS-polymers.

Degradable plastic composition

In the production of a gypsum-based porous body of high strength by foaming a gypsum-water mixture containing alkali, hydrogen peroxide and a decomposition catalyst therefor, the improvement which comprises including in said mixture an acid-reacting compound with active hydrogen atoms in a quantity insufficient for complete neutralization of the alkali. The alkali is preferably calcium and/or magnesium oxide and/or hydroxide and the preferred acid-reacting compounds are phosphates and/or sulfates, especially potassium hydrogen phosphates. The acid-reacting compound is employed in an amount sufficient to neutralize about 5 to 50% of the alkali, the final pH being about 12 to 12.5.

Production of foamed gypsum moldings

The invention relates to the production of inorganic fibers comprising a metal oxide phase and a finely divided disperse phase distributed throughout the oxide phase, the disperse phase constituting about 0.5 to 50% by weight of the fiber. The process involves preferably dry spinning a solution in water or an organic solvent of fiber forming components which, when heated to temperature of from 500.degree. to 1600.degree. C either in an inert or in a reactive atmosphere, form at least two phases with a miscibility gap, of which one phase is an oxide phase containing the other phase in very finely disperse form. Preferably, the solution contains a metal salt, the anion of which contains carbon so that upon heating there is formed an oxide phase comprising the oxide of said metal having carbon dispersed therein; if carbon is not in the anion, its precursor may be an organic compound, such as a polymer, present in the solution. Other materials which may constitute the disperse phase include boron as well as carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides and some metals. The resulting fiber are of low porosity and high modulus and impart superior properties to plastics, metals, glasses and ceramics reinforced therewith.

Production of inorganic fibers

In the purification of impure titanium tetrachloride comprising adding an agent to said titanium tetrachloride and thereafter distilling off purified titanium tetrachloride while leaving the impurity in the distillation residue, the improvement which comprises employing as said agent at least one amine of the formula ##EQU1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently is hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl of up to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 7 carbon atoms, or aryl, and

Distillation of titanium tetrachloride in solution with selected amines

A white composite pigment, containing isometric rutile pigment particles and acicular modified potassium hexatitanate, is produced by reacting titanium dioxide or a titanium compound which can be converted into titanium dioxide under the reaction conditions in the presence of rutile seeds with a potassium compound which reacts basically under the reaction conditions, a mineralizer and a polyvalent metal fluoride at a temperature of about 700.degree. to 1100.degree.C.

Growing community of inventors

Krefeld, Germany

Gerhard Winter