Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Richard Wolf Gmbh

Gerhard Schmidtke

Wolfgang J Riedel

Helmut Wolf

Harald Wolfelschneider

Peter Wilhelm

A measuring method for determining the distance between the distal end of an endoscope and an object to be examined uses an optical radar and an endoscope, which comprises a distance measuring device. For carring out the measuring, a transmitting fiber optic and a receiving fiber optic in the endoscope are guided separately to respective separate optic modules at the front end of the endoscope. A semiconductor laser feeds a high frequency amplitude-modulated light in the transmitting fiber optic, which is projected by the transmitting optic module on the object in the form of a light spot. The light reflected from the object is received by the receiving optic module and guided through the receiving fiber optic in the endoscope to a light detector of a control unit. In the control unit a phase measurement is carried out and an evaluation device computes the distance information from the phase difference.

Endoscope and method for determining object distances

In a method and apparatus for determining the concentration of optically-active substances in a fluid, such as glucose in the body fluids of a patient, two light sources are used to produce respective polarized light beams which pass through the substance to be analyzed and are incident on a detector. The second beam has a fixed polarization direction relative to the first beam. The light sources are alternatingly switched on and off at a known-frequency. A dispersing element is disposed in the path of each beam. A comparative signal is produced from the beams exiting the substance and incident on the detector. Due to the presence of the dispersive element in the path of each beam, it is possible to spectrally resolve the components of the comparative signals, so that the optical polarization contributed to the comparative signal by each substance in the fluid can be identified, and thus the concentration of a selected optically-active substance, even in the presence of multiple optically-active substances in the fluid, can be accurately identified.

Method and apparatus for determining the concentration of

Method and apparatus for the quantitative determination of optically

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Freiburg, Germany

Gerhard Schmidtke