Case Western Reserve University

Other

United States of America As Represented by the Secretary of the Air Force

Oerlikon Metco (us) Inc.

Gerhard E Welsch

Donald L McGervey

Robert L Mullen

Mehmet Ozgur

Paul T Szozdowski

Daniel Eylon

Francis H Froes

DongMyoung Lee

Dong Myoung Lee

Dongmyoung Lee

Donald M McGervey

A braze alloy composition includes the formula:NiFePBSiCX

Low-melting nickel-based alloys for braze joining

A braze alloy includes by atom %, about 30% to about 60% iron, 0 to about 40% nickel, and about 10% to about 20% in total of melting point depressants selected from the group consisting of phosphorous, carbon, boron, and silicon.

Low-melting iron-based filler alloys

A metallic glass formed from a Be-containing alloy near eutectic composition has the chemical formula:(MX)BeYZ

Metallic glass-alloys for capacitor anodes

A method of forming battery electrodes with high specific surface and thin layers of active material is disclosed. The method enables low series resistance and high battery power.

High-power battery

A capacitor anode () includes a substrate () which is formed from an alloy, metal, or metal compound which has a high tensile yield strength and high elastic modulus. The material has a composition which can be anodized, yielding an adherent and compressively stressed dielectric film () of pure, mixed, alloyed, or doped oxide that has a high usable dielectric strength (e.g., over 50 V/&#x3bc;m) and high dielectric constant (e.g., 20 to over 10,000). A capacitor formed from the anode has a high energy density.

Strong substrate alloy and compressively stressed dielectric film for capacitor with high energy density

An anode () and/or cathode () of a capacitor has a large surface area. The high surface area of the anode is provided by forming the anode from a thin, electrically conductive layer () formed from metal particles () or an electrically conductive metallic sponge (). These materials provide a porous structure with a large surface area of high accessibility. The particles are preferably directional or non-directional sponge particles of a metal, such as titanium. The conductive layer has a dielectric film () on its surface, formed by anodizing the particle surfaces. The dielectric film has a combination of high dielectric constant and high dielectric strength. The cathode () of the capacitor is either a conventional solid material or, more preferably, has a large surface provided by forming the surface from a sponge or particles analogously to the anode. The high dielectric strengths obtainable from the capacitor allow for extreme miniaturization, making the capacitor particularly suited for integrated circuit applications.

High power capacitors from thin layers of metal powder or metal sponge particles

A plurality of closed metal cells is provided. Each cell encapulates a fluid or a fluid-like filler with a metal skin or cell wall. The closed cells are joined into an aggregate arrangement to form a composite material in which the bonded cell walls form a continuous metal matrix. The cell walls and the encapulated cell filler fluid or fluid-like filler provide controllable stiffness and strength as well as vibration-damping and shock-absorbing characteristics to the material. The resulting closed cell metal composite finds many advantages uses including use as a prosthetic device, a casting, or an automotive component. The component material is elastically compliant or stiff, depending on the design, as well as lightweight and resistant to buckling and crushing. The material provides desirable physical properties such as heat-capacity, thermal and electrical conductivity, vibration-damping capacity, and shock-absorbing characteristics.

Closed cell metal composites

A dendritic sponge which is directionally-grown on a substrate material has a high surface to volume ratio and is suitable for forming anodes for highly efficient capacitors. A dielectric film is formed on the sponge surface by oxidizing the surface. In a preferred embodiment, the dielectric is grown on titanium sponge and is doped with oxides of Ca, Mg, Sr, Be, or Ba to improve the film's dielectric constant or with higher valent cations, such as Cr , V , Ta , Mo , Nb , W , and P , to reduce the oxygen vacancy concentration and leakage current of the dielectric film. A capacitor formed from the sponge includes a cathode electrolyte which serves as an electrical conductor and to repair the dielectric film by re-oxidizing the anode surface at areas of local breakdown. Sponges of titanium, tantalum, and aluminum form efficient dielectric films. In another embodiment, sponges of elements which do not form efficient dielectric films are coated with a dielectric material. Capacitors formed with titanium sponges have energy densities of 10 to 50 Watt hours and power densities of 100,000 to 10,000,000 Watts per kilogram of titanium.

Method for forming capacitor anodes

A dendritic sponge which is directionally-grown on a substrate material has a high surface to volume ratio and is suitable for forming anodes for highly efficient capacitors. A dielectric film is formed on the sponge surface by oxidizing the surface. In a preferred embodiment, the dielectric is grown on titanium sponge and is doped with oxides of Ca, Mg, Sr, Be, or Ba to improve the film's dielectric constant or with higher valent cations, such as Cr,, V,, Ta,, Mo,, Nb,, W,, and P,, to reduce the oxygen vacancy concentration and leakage current of the dielectric film. A capacitor formed from the sponge includes a cathode electrolyte which serves as an electrical conductor and to repair the dielectric film by re-oxidizing the anode surface at areas of local breakdown. Sponges of titanium, tantalum, and aluminum form efficient dielectric films. In another embodiment, sponges of elements which do not form efficient dielectric films are coated with a dielectric material. Capacitors formed with titanium sponges have energy densities of 10,to 50 Watt hours and power densities of 100,000 to 10,000,000 Watts per kilogram of titanium.

Directionally-grown capacitor anodes

A plurality of closed structural metal cells are joined into an aggregate arrangement to form a composite material. Each cell encapsulates a fluid or fluid-like filler therein to provide controllable strength and shock-absorbing characteristics to the material. The resulting closed cell metal composite finds many advantageous uses including use as a prosthetic device, a casting, or an automotive component. The component material is elastically compliant or stiff, depending on the design, as well as lightweight and crush resistant. The material provides desirable physical properties such as thermal and electrical conductivity and shock-absorbing characteristics.

Method of forming closed cell metal composites

A method for producing a titanium alloy powder metallurgy article having high resistance to loading and creep at high temperature is described and comprises the steps of simultaneously pressing a preselected quantity of titanium alloy powder at from 15 to 60 ksi and heating the powder to a temperature just below the beta transus temperature of the alloy to promote beta to alpha phase transformation in the alloy, and then slowly cooling the compacted powder under pressure.

Method for producing alpha titanium alloy pm articles

A method of forming internal high temperature barriers in structural metals is provided. The barriers prevent movement of boundaries and dislocations inside the structural metal, and make strutural metals creep resistant at high homologous temperatures. The method comprises providing a first layer of strutural metal, implanting ions into this layer, and layering a second layer of structural metal on the ion-implanted first layer to form a laminated product. The steps of implanting and layering can be repeated an arbitrary number of times.

Growing community of inventors

Cleveland Heights, OH, United States of America

Gerhard E Welsch