Tioxide Specialties Limited

Rita Corporation

Ifac Gmbh

Th. Goldschmidt Ag

Nikko Chemicals Co., Ltd.

Gerd H Dahms

James W Cook

Masato Tagawa

The stable multiple emulsion of the X/O/Y type contains at least one X/O phase in which X is an oil-immiscible component and O an oil phase. The X/O phase can contains an active substance, possibly in solid form, for example for medical, cosmetic or technical applications. The Y phase can be an aqueous phase, an aqueous liquid, preferably liquid-crystalline, gel or a W/O/W emulsion and serves as carrier for the at least one X/O phase. The X/O phase is produced using an emulsifier that has an HLB value equal to or less than 6 and/or is a W/O emulsifier. The preparation of the X/O phase itself and its diffusion in the Y phase are done with standard stirring tools. The drops of the X/O phase have long-term stability and, even when greatly diluted, do not interact with the Y phase or the drops or other X/O phases dispersed therein.

Stable multiple X/O/Y-emulsion

The invention relates to emulsifier mixtures for preparing water-soluble polymers by inverse emulsion polymerization of corresponding monomers or monomer mixtures, to a process for preparing the water-soluble polymers, and to the monomer/water-in-oil emulsions thus obtained. The emulsifier mixture comprises glycerol monooleate and one or more diacetyltartrates of fatty acid glyceride.

Emulsifier mixtures

Surfactant blends that generate a stable spherical foam are disclosed. The surfactant blends contain a nonionic surfactant or an amphoteric surfactant as the principal foaming agent, and a sufficient amount of an acylate lactylate to enhance foam volume and provide a foam that remains in a spherical form for up to about forty minutes. A method of generating a long-lasting foam also is disclosed.

Surfactant blends for generating a stable wet foam

A process for preparing a composition suitable for topical application to human skin is disclosed. The process comprises mixing particles of metallic oxide dispersed in oil and having a primary particle size less than 0.2 micrometer with one or more emulsifiers, an aqueous phase and a hydrophilic organic sunscreen so as to prepare an emulsion. The composition contains up to 10 percent by weight metallic oxide and up to 7 percent by weight hydrophilic organic sunscreen. The emulsions are useful as sunscreen compositions, skin protectants, moisturisers, and after-sun lotions. The measured Sun Protection Factor for a composition of the invention is considerably higher than would be expected from a knowledge of the individual UV absorbing characteristics of the metallic oxide and the hydrophilic organic sunscreen.

Compositions containing sunscreens

Balanced emulsifier blends that provide a stable oil-in-water emulsion of preselected viscosity are disclosed. The emulsifier blend contains an acyl lactylate as the primary emulsifier and a nonionic surfactant as the coemulsifier. A method of preparing an oil-in-water emulsion having a preselected viscosity also is disclosed.

Balanced emulsifier blends for oil-in-water emulsions

Emulsifier composition is a mixture of polyglycerol fatty acid ester (n.gtoreq.4) and the lactylate of a fatty acid (C.gtoreq.8) or its salt and is used to manufacture a wide range of different O/W emulsions, e.g. sunscreen emulsions for cosmetics. The polyglycerol fatty acid ester preferably has an HLB value.ltoreq.8. The emulsifier composition can additionally contain a lipophilic emulsifier.

Emulsifier composition based on polyglycerol ester

The invention concerns a process for producing a water-in-oil emulsion comprising mixing an oil dispersion of particles of a metallic oxide having a primary particle size less than 0.2 micron with one or more emulsifiers and an aqueous phase. The method enables the production of such emulsions containing relatively small quantities of emulsifiers and a novel emulsion made available by the invention contains less than 1% by weight of emulsifiers, 10 to 60% by weight of an oil phase and at least 40% by weight of an aqueous phase. The emulsions so formed are useful in preparing UV absorbing compositions such as sunscreens, skin protectants, moisturisers and after-sun lotions.

Water-in-oil emulsions

The invention concerns a process for producing a water-in-oil emulsion comprising mixing an oil dispersion of particles of a metallic oxide having a primary particle size less than 0.2 micron with one or more emulsifiers and an aqueous phase. The method enables the production of such emulsions containing relatively small quantities of emulsifiers and a novel emulsion made available by the invention contains less than 1% by weight of emulsifiers, 10 to 60% by weight of an oil phase and at least 40% by weight of an aqueous phase. The emulsions so formed are useful in preparing UV absorbing compositions such as sunscreens, skin protectants, moisturizers and after-sun lotions.

An oil-in-water emulsion containing 0.5% to 30% metallic oxides having a particle size of less than 0.2 micron, less than 10% total emulsifier, 5% to 30% of an oil phase and at least 60% of an aqueous phase is provided. The invention also makes available a method of preparing such emulsions in which the emulsion is formed by use of a dispersion in water of the metallic oxide particles. By comparison with previously known emulsions of this type relatively small quantities of emulsifiers are used and it is possible to use an emulsion system with a low HLB value (e.g. less than 6). Preferably no hydrophilic emulsifiers are used. The emulsions are suitable for preparing UV-absorbing compositions such as sunscreens, moisturisers and after-sun lotions. The ability to use no, or little, hydrophilic emulsifiers is advantageous since, in, general, these emulsifiers are not biodegradable whereas hydrophobic emulsifiers generally are biodegradable.

Oil-in-water emulsions

An oil-in-water emulsion containing 0.5% to 30% metallic oxides having a particle size of less than 0.2 micron, less than 10% total emulsifier, 5% to 30% of an oil phase and at least 60% of an aqueous phase is provided. The invention also makes available a method of preparing such emulsions in which the emulsion is formed by use of a dispersion in water of the metallic oxide particles. By comparison with previously known emulsions of this type relatively small quantities of emulsifiers are used and it is possible to use an emulsion system with a low HLB value (e.g. less than 6). Preferably no hydrophilic emulsifiers are used. The emulsions are suitable for preparing UV-absorbing compositions such as sunscreens, moisturizers and after-sun lotions. The ability to use no, or little, hydrophilic emulsifiers is advantageous since, in, general, these emulsifiers are not biodegradable whereas hydrophobic emulsifiers generally are biodegradable.

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Velbert, Germany

Gerd H Dahms