Institut Francais Du Pe'trole

Institut Francais Du Petrole, Des Carburants Et Lubrifiants Et

Georges Cohen

Alexandre Rojey

Paul Mikitenko

Bernard A Juguin

Sigismond Franckowiak

Pierre Baumgartner

The invention relates to a process for hydrocarbon fractionation and extraction making it possible to obtain a petrol with an improved octane number and a kerosene with an improved smoke point. According to the invention a charge with a final boiling point of at least 220.degree. C. is fractionated into three fractions:

Process of fractionation and extraction of hydrocarbons allowing

A heat exchanger composed of stacked perforated sheets forming two series of channels for at least two fluids, with a hot fluid and a cold fluid, the heat being transferred through the sheets. A distribution system is provided at each end and includes (a) a series of grooves communicating with an external duct, and (b) passages passing throughout a distribution plate and communicating with an external duct.

Compact heat exchanger

Cold or heat are produced by an absorption process comprising an absorption step, a desorption step, a rectification step, a condensation step and a vaporization step. The process operates at a lower pressure level and at a higher performance rate than the conventional absorption processes. This result is obtained by condensing the vapor phase from the rectification zone in admixture with a dilute solution of the working fluid and by supplying the absorption solution to an intermediary point of the rectification zone.

Cold and/or heat production involving an absorption cycle and its use

Cold and/or heat are produced by a process operated according to the absorption technique and which comprises at least two successive absorption steps of the solute vapor in a solvent. At least one part of the heat evolved in the first absorption step is used to partially vaporize the solution recovered from the second absorption step, said second absorption step being operated at a lower temperature than the first absorption step. The solution recovered from said second absorption step is brought to higher pressure and partially vaporized with use of the heat evolved in the first absorption step. The resultant solution is then desorbed in a countercurrent contact zone wherein the solution is contacted with a vapor phase generated by heating of this solution.

Process for producing cold and/or heat with use of an absorption cycle

A solvent phase of low solute content is contacted with a solute gas phase for absorption of the solute; effluent gas is condensed in admixture with a portion of the solvent phase which has not been fed to the absorption zone. Overall thermal yield is increased.

Absorbers used in absorption heat pumps and refrigerators

An improvement to absorption heat pumps and refrigerators, which comprises supplying of a first fraction S.sub.1 of a solution S subjected to a desorption step, to a heating and vaporization zone E where the solution S.sub.1 is progressively heated and vaporized in a temperature interval .DELTA. between an initial temperature T.sub.i, and a final temperature T.sub.f, by heat exchange with a fluid external to the desorption zone, while a vapor phase V' and optionally, a liquid phase L' are produced, which phases are separated from each other, and a second fraction S.sub.2 of the solution S is fed to a desorption zone D in which the fraction S.sub.2 and vapor phase V' are contacted to obtain a liquid phase L', phases L' and L' forming the phase L which is recycled to the absorption step.

Desorption step in absorption heat pumps and refrigerators

Process for producing heat at a temperature level higher than that of an available heat source comprising vaporizing a working fluid of at least two components of different boiling points by heat exchange with said heat source within a first temperature range, compressing at least a portion of the obtained vapor and condensing at least a portion of the compressed vapor in a temperature range whose highest temperature is higher than the highest temperature of said first range while transferring condensation heat to an external medium other than said heat source, expanding the condensed liquid fraction and using it as said working fluid.

Heating process using a heat pump and a fluid mixture

Process for producing aromatic hydrocarbons, particularly benzene and/or toluene from a feed charge containing saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, by catalytic treatment of said charge with hydrogen, fractionation of the resulting product to separate a fraction containing benzene and/or toluene, extractive distillation of at least one aromatic hydrocarbon in a column, by means of an extraction solvent from which said hydrocarbon is subsequently separated, and recycling to the reaction zone of at least one portion of the products recovered at the top of said extractive distillation column and containing essentially C.sub.6 and C.sub.7 saturated hydrocarbons.

Growing community of inventors

Le Pecq, France

Georges Cohen