The Lummus Company

Lummus Crest, Inc.

Abb Lummus Crest, Inc.

Alusuisse Italia S.p.a.

Other

Allied Corporation

Exelus, Inc.

George D Suciu

Ali M Khonsari

Giancarlo Stefani

Joon T Kwon

Carlo Fumagalli

John E Paustian

Jamin Chen

Atef M Shaban

Morgan C Sze

Chuen Yuan Yeh

William B Fisher

Lamberto Crescentini

Mitrajit Mukherjee

Anatoly Alexander

Andrei Rhoe

John Young

Kelly Ann Coley

Gary L Hamilton

James P Nehlsen

Joseph A Pisani

John F Young

Atef Shaban

James Nehlsen

A method of producing a high octane alkylate from ethylene and isobutane by reacting ethylene and isobutane under catalytic conversion conditions. The ethylene and isobutane are contacted with a first catalytic material comprising a dimerization catalyst (i.e, for dimerizing ethylene) and a second catalytic material comprising an alkylation catalyst. The first and second catalytic materials are separate and distinct from each other. A high octane alkylate is recovered as a result of reacting the ethylene and isobutane in the presence of the first and second catalytic materials.

Production of a high octane alkylate from ethylene and isobutene

A method is provided for producing a solid acid catalyst having a structure including a metal core having essentially an entire outer surface covered by a layer of metal oxide including a multitude of active sites provided with Lewis Acidity. The method involves an oxidizing step to form a layer of metal oxide and a halogenating step to produce a metal oxide layer with multiple active sites exhibiting Lewis Acidity.

Method of making solid acid catalysts with metal cores

A process for upgrading gasolines and other hydrocarbon mixtures. The hydrocarbon mixture is contacted with a large pore zeolite catalyst in order to crack n-paraffins to form olefins and lower molecular weight n-paraffins, to cause the olefins to react with benzene in order to form alkylbenzenes, and to catalyze the isomerization of the n-paraffins to form i-paraffins. Preferably, all of the above reactions occur in a single reactant mixture in the presence of a zeolite catalyst having ten and/or twelve membered ring-type structures. The process of the invention reduces the benzene quantity of the hydrocarbon mixture and increases its octane number.

Process for upgrading gasolines and other hydrocarbon mixtures

A process for producing bleached pulp from a fibrous plant material (e.g., wood), wherein the material is contacted with an alcohol solvent in a pulping zone to extract lignin from the fibrous plant material. The resulting pulp is then treated with a hydroperoxide or peroxide bleaching agent in a bleaching zone to form bleached pulp. Alcohol formed from the hydroperoxide or peroxide during the bleaching process may be recycled to the pulping zone. A preferred alcohol is tert-butyl alcohol, while a preferred hydroperoxide is tert-butyl hydroperoxide.

Process of pulping and bleaching fibrous plant material with tert-butyl

A process for reactivating alkylation catalyst which comprises contacting alkylation catalyst with hydrogen and benzene in the essential absence of olefin. The reactivation process may be conducted under conditions (eg., temperature, pressure) similar to that employed in an alkylation reaction. This process enables one to reactivate the catalyst in situ in a relatively short time, thus minimizing disruption of the alkylation operation.

Reactivation of alkylation catalysts

Crude phenol containing methyl benzofuran and other impurities is distilled in the presence of water to recover a phenol bottoms having a reduced quantity of impurities. The water-phenol overhead is cooled to separate a water phase essentially free of methyl benzofuran, which is recycled to the distillation. The organic phase may then be further distilled, in the presence of water, as previously described, to eventually recover a reduced quantity of phenol in which impurities are concentrated.

Phenol purification

Crude phenol, containing AMS by-product, and MBF impurity, is distilled in the presence of water to separate MBF impurity.

Production of high purity phenol by steam distillation

A process for preventing backmixing in a fluidized bed vessel wherein a gaseous fluid phase and fluidized solids are moved co-currently through a plurality of fluid bed compartments in substantially plug flow. The vessel may be used for production of maleic anhydride.

Process for preventing backmixing in a fluidized bed vessel

A mixed oxide catalyst precursor comprising vanadium and phosphorus treated in finely divided form with phosphoric acid and water soluble compound of aluminum and/or boron to improve resistance to attrition.

Process for making maleic anhydride

Phenol feed to a steam distilling column, containing alpha-methylstyrene and mesityl oxide, is treated with a base, without acidification, and the heavy phenol product is acidified and distilled in a high purity column to recover high purity phenol as a sidestream and lighter components as overhead. Acidification after steam distilling, rather than prior to steam distilling, increases phenol recovery by reducing the overhead pasteurizing cut from the high purity column.

Production of high purity phenol

A process for oxidizing a hydrocarbon to maleic anhydride using a mixed oxide catalyst of vanadium and phosphorous prepared by a procedure including pretreating the dried catalyst precursor of the said mixed oxides in finely divided form with an acid solution.

Production of maleic anhydride

Solvent refining of a residual oil is accomplished with a refining solvent containing methanol and propanol, preferably isopropanol. The solvent produces high yields of a high quality refined oil, as well as a pumpable pitch fraction.

Solvent for refining of residues

Phenol containing MBF impurity is distilled in the presence of water and an extraction solvent for MBF (preferably AMS and/or cumene) to recover a phenol bottoms having reduced impurities. The use of solvent permits a reduction in the amount of water used, which reduces the amount of phenol in the overhead, thereby lowering costs.

Production of high purity phenol by distillation with steam and a solvent

Catalysts containing mixed oxides of vanadium, phosphorus, and aluminum

Mixed oxide catalyst of vanadium and phosphorus prepared by a procedure including pretreating the dried catalyst precursor of the said mixed oxides in finely divided form with an acid solution.

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Ridgewood, NJ, United States of America

George D Suciu