Sulzer Brothers Limited

Asea Brown Boveri Ag

Alstom (switzerland) Ltd

Abb Management Ag

Georg Ziegler

Erhard Friedrich Liebig

Wolf-Stephan Wilke

Hamid Olia

Hans R&uuml;egg

Rudolf Herzog

Oliver Riccius

After the economizer, an injection water pipe branches off the connecting pipe between economizer and evaporator in order to control the steam temperature. The injection water pipe is provided with a control device for controlling the injection water flow. The injection water flowing through the injection water pipe is injected into the steam coming from the evaporator at a mixing point located before the superheater. In order to control the position of the control device in the injection water pipe, the enthalpy at the superheater outlet is calculated from the parameters pressure and temperature and is compared with a desired enthalpy resulting from the desired parameters.

Method and device for controlling the temperature at the outlet of a steam superheater

The invention relates to a steam generator (,) for superheated steam for incineration plants with corrosive flue gases, essentially comprising a radiation section (,) and a convection section (,), having at least one superheater (,) and having plates (,) arranged on the inside of at least one wall (,) of the radiation section (,), a space (,) being provided between the plates (,) and the wall (,) of the radiation section (,), and at least part of the superheater (,) being arranged as a wall superheater (,) in the space (,) in the radiation section (,). The steam generator is distinguished by the fact that the space (,) contains a noncorrosive gaseous atmosphere which is at a higher pressure than the pressure of the gases in the combustion chamber (,). In this way, it is possible to reach a high superheater temperature without corrosion to the final superheater, so that the superheater can be made from inexpensive material.

Steam generator for superheated steam for incineration plants with corrosive flue gases

The invention relates to a steam generator, which consists of a combustion chamber (1), a radiation part (2) and a convection part (3) and which has at least two vertical gas passes (4, 5) following the combustion chamber (1), in each case with a 180.degree. deflection of the flue gas (12), the combustion chamber (1) and the gas pass (4) being separated from one another by means of a first partition (14) and the two gas passes (4, 5) being separated from one another by means of a second partition (6). It is defined in that the second partition (6) is designed, at its lower end, in such a way that the passage area for the flue gas (12) from the vertical pass (4) with downward flow to the vertical pass (5) with upward flow has a variable value over the width, the passage area being smaller in the middle than on the outside. The secondary flow occurring during deflection is thereby reinforced, in the wall region the vortices of said secondary flow rotating opposite to the direction of the main flow deflection. The discharge of dust is considerably improved in this way.

Steam generator with integrated dust separator

In a steam generator (1) having, downstream of the fire-box (7), a radiant part and, subsequent thereto, a convective part, the latter essentially comprising, connected in series on the flue-gas side, contact heat exchanger (18), superheater (9) and economizer (2), the steam generator (1) being used in a circuit for the direct selective catalytic reduction (SCR process) of the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas (19), the economizer (2) consists of two parts. An NOx catalyst (5) is arranged between the two parts (2a, 2b), the economizer (2a) arranged upstream of the catalyst (5) in the direction of flow of the gas (19) being subdivided into at least two sections (10a, 10b), through which, on the one hand, the flow passes in series on the flue-gas side and, on the other hand, the working medium to be heated flows in parallel from bottom to top, and at least one section (10a) always being connected via lines (11a, 12) to the drum (13) and the other section(s) (10b) being able to be shut off as desired from the water circulation via lines (11b) which can be shut off.

Steam generator

In a steam generator having a convective part arranged downstream of the furnace chamber and essentially consisting of final superheater (1), pre-superheater, evaporator and economizer connected in series on the flue-gas side, a further contact heat exchanger (5) having a plurality of tube banks (10) is arranged upstream of the final superheater (1). This contact heat exchanger (5) is connected to the steam drum (6) in such a way that it can be operated as both an evaporator and a superheater. The working medium to be heated flows in parallel from the bottom to the top through the tube banks (10), as a rule arranged vertically or inclined, of the contact heat exchanger in the evaporator circuit and flows in series through said tube banks (10) of the heat exchanger in the superheater circuit.

The hot-gas cooling plant has a gas outlet line releasably connected between the radiant cooler and the convection cooler. The gas outlet line is curved to extend from an upper region of the radiant cooler to the top end of the convection cooler. Flange connections are used to connect the gas outlet line to the pressure vessels of the coolers. Cooling tubes are also provided within the gas outlet line for cooling the flow of gas therethrough.

Hot-gas cooling plant

The gas cooler has a pair of coaxial flues for the cooling of a synthesis gas wherein the flues are resiliently mounted independently of each other. The gas flow connection at the top of the pressure vessel is sized to permit the inner flue to be lifted out of the vessel for cleaning and repair purposes. In addition, the outer flue can be constructed of interconnected wall elements which may also be disconnected for discrete removal through the top of the vessel for cleaning and repair purposes.

Gas cooler for synthesis gas

Each heat-exchanger surface is comprised of parallel coolant-carrying tubes and at least one soot-blowing tube which can be supplied with a soot-blowing medium and which has at least one nozzle for the egress of the soot-blowing medium. A protective tube connected to the heat-exchanger surface is disposed before and parallel to the soot-blowing tube on the heat-receiving side of the wall and is flowed through by the same coolant as flows through the heat-exchanger surface. The nozzle extend between the protective tube and the wall. The soot-blowing tube has satisfactory heating protection and the coolant in the protective tube has the same exit temperature as the other tubes of the heat-exchanger heating surface.

Heat exchanger with a soot blower

The synthesis gas cooler is provided with a movable platform in the space between the inner and outer flue. The platform may be constructed in segments with separate cable and winch means provided for raising and lowering of the platform segments via suspension structures. The suspension structures may also be secured in a raised position by bars which pass through fittings at the upper end of the suspension structures and which are supported in a partition above the movable platform.

Heat exchanger with adjustable platform for cleaning and repairing

The gas cooler has a downcomer bounded by radiant cooling walls and a waterbath at the end of the downcomer. The depth of the waterbath is several times its horizontal extent and the waterbath is flowed through downwardly by water. The bath is connected by way of a pump, heat exchanger and a feed line to a water circuit. Means are provided to control the water temperature at its entry into the waterbath so that the entry temperature is maintained at a value somewhere between the dew point of the synthesis gas and the evaporation point of water at the working pressure of the synthesis gas. The result is substantial obviation of evaporation of water from the waterbath and the associated heat losses.

Gas cooler for a synthetic gas

The heat exchanger includes a cylindrical pressure vessel in which a faller column having heat exchange surfaces and at least one riser column having further heat exchange surfaces are mounted. The riser column walls extend around the walls of the faller column. The top part of the pressure vessel is connected to a bottom part in a dis-connectable manner with the riser column walls being suspended in the bottom part. The walls of the faller column with all the heating surfaces disposed therein can be withdrawn from the space around which the riser column walls extend for servicing.

Heat exchanger for cooling a hot gas

The hot gas cooler has a cooling insert of tubes in the pressure vessel. At the hot gas entry end, the cooling insert is connected, to a hot gas source. The insert interior communicates with the gap between the insert and the pressure vessel for pressure compensation. The pressure-compensating communication is disposed near the hot gas entry and extends by way of an additional cooling path. In the event of a gas-side leakage of the cooling insert, hot gas cannot flow into the gap between the insert and the pressure vessel.

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Winterthur, Switzerland

Georg Ziegler