Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft

Siemens Aktiengesell Schaft

Balcke-durr Aktiengesellschaft

Georg Losel

Herbert Tratz

Werner Emsperger

Reiner Engelhardt

Werner Schwarzott

Hermann Bruckner

Werner Kraupa

Rudolf Pieper

Egon Schneider

Karl H Gersch

A method for heating a low temperature carbonization drum includes generating a low temperature carbonization gas in the drum; combusting a partial flow of the low temperature carbonization gas for generating a heating gas; conducting the heating gas in a heating gas circuit; preheating the cooled heating gas flowing out of the drum; and then returning a controllable partial flow of the cooled heating gas to the drum while re-admixing the controllable partial flow with the heating gas. A device for heating the low temperature carbonization drum includes a heating gas circuit having an inflow line and an outflow line connected to the drum generating low temperature carbonization gas; the heating gas circuit having a combustion chamber for receiving a partial flow of the low temperature carbonization gas from the drum and generating a heating gas to be delivered to the drum; and the heating gas circuit having a heat exchanger connected upstream of the combustion chamber for preheating the heating gas being cooled in the drum. A low temperature carbonization/combustion plant includes a combustion chamber of a combustion system receiving a remaining flow of the low temperature carbonization gas generated in the drum. The combustion system produces steam to be supplied to the heat exchanger.

Method and device for heating a low temperature carbonization drum and

A steam generator configuration, in particular of a low temperature carbonization-combustion plant, includes a supporting structure. A flue gas channel is disposed in the supporting structure and has a first vertical segment, a second at least approximately horizontal segment, and a third vertical segment being connected through the second segment to the first segment to form a structural unit. Supporting members suspend the first segment in the supporting structure in order to avoid restrictions to expansion and deformation of the flue gas channel as a result of thermal expansion. The supporting members are in an oblique or slanted position relative to the vertical in a cold condition. The oblique position essentially corresponds to a thermal expansion of the second horizontal segment in a hot condition. The supporting elements are parallel to the vertical in the hot condition. Thus, regardless of the operating state, the flue gas channel remains a structural unit that allows free thermal expansion in the vertical and horizontal directions.

Configuration of a steam generator in a supporting structure

A gas and steam turbine plant includes a coal gasification plant, a gas turbine connected downstream of the coal gasification plant, a steam turbine having a water-steam loop and a steam generator connected downstream of the gas turbine. The steam generator includes a preheater connected to the water-steam loop, a heater of a high-pressure stage connected downstream of the preheater, and a heater of a low-pressure stage connected upstream of the preheater. An outflow line leads into the coal gasification plant and is connected to the water-steam loop downstream of the preheater, as seen in water flow direction. A heat exchanger has a primary side integrated with the water-steam loop between the low-pressure stage and the high-pressure stage and a secondary side connected parallel to the outflow line.

Method for operating a gas and steam turbine plant and a plant for

A method and an apparatus for heating a carbonization drum is especially used for heating a carbonization drum for a low-temperature-carbonization combustion process. Heating gas heated in a heat exchanger is guided in a heating gas loop from the heat exchanger through the carbonization drum. A heat sink is provided for cooling the heating gas. In order to control an energy supply to the carbonization drum, the heating gas is guided back again at least partially and in a controlled fashion through a bypass line, in which the heat sink is disposed, to the heat exchanger, while bypassing the carbonization drum. The heating gas can also be delivered partially and in a controlled fashion through the heat sink to the carbonization drum. A distribution of the heating gas into a maximum of three paths is ensured by a configuration of lines and control devices.

Method and apparatus for heating a low-temperature-carbonization drum

A gas and steam turbine plant includes a coal gasification plant, a gas turbine connected downstream of the coal gasification plant, a steam turbine having a water-steam loop and a steam generator connected downstream of the gas turbine. The steam generator includes a preheater connected to the water-steam loop, a heater of a high-pressure stage connected downstream of the preheater, and a heater of a low-pressure stage connected upstream of the preheater. An outflow line leads into the coal gasification plant and is connected to the water-steam loop downstream of the preheater, as seen in water flow direction. A heat exchanger has a primary side integrated with the water-steam loop between the low-pressure stage and the high-pressure stage and a secondary side connected parallel to the outflow line. A method for operating the gas and steam turbine plant includes generating steam in the water-steam loop with heat contained in an expanded operating fluid of the gas turbine, heating the working fluid with gas, drawing preheated water for a coal gasification process from the water steam loop, and altering the temperature of the partial quantity in a loop coupled with the water-steam loop for adjusting a set-point temperature of the drawn water by mixing it with a partial quantity of the drawn water.

A combustion chamber for combusting a substance includes a burner and at least three successively disposed parts including a primary chamber, a secondary chamber and an ash discharge chamber. The burner is associated with and conducts a first air flow to the primary chamber. The primary chamber has an inlet for conducting a second air flow for substoichiometric combustion of a substance to be combusted at a temperature below an ash softening point and without clinker flow. The secondary chamber has an inlet for conducting a third air flow for brief, intensive, complete combustion of the substance discharged from the primary chamber with clinker flow, and the secondary chamber has walls and a material lining the walls being resistant to fluid clinker. A process for combusting a substance being at least partially formed of combustible material includes feeding an air flow to the substance for substoichiometrically combusting the substance at a temperature below an ash softening point without clinker flow but with formation of a residue, and subsequently admixing a further air flow with the residue of the substoichiometric combustion for completely combusting the residue and forming flue gas and flowing ash. Prepared pyrolysis residue and incompletely burned gas may be discharged from a pyrolysis reactor as the at least partially combustible material made by low-temperature carbonization of trash in a system for thermal trash disposal.

Combustion chamber and process for combusting at least partially

A combustion chamber with a fluidized bed furnace having a nozzle plate, a fuel feed above the nozzle plate, a primary air feed below the nozzle plate, an exhaust gas channel at an upper end of the combustion chamber, and heat-exchanging heating surfaces includes a cylindrical combustion chamber wall disposed vertically upright and having, in an upper region thereof, a plurality of secondary air nozzles disposed tangentially as well as downwardly inclined to the cylindrical wall for separating and returning unspent solid particles into a lower region of the fluidized bed, a device for directing a flow of gas and particles vertically upwardly in a central region of the combustion chamber and spirally downwardly along the cylindrical wall, and a device for impressing an upwardly increasing rotary flow about an axis of symmetry of the combustion chamber upon the gas flow.

Combustion chamber for a fluidized-bed furnace

An apparatus for drying steam in steam power generating stations, includes a plurality of cyclone separators having upper regions and lower ends, substantially tangential feed lines for a water-steam mixture leading to the upper regions of the cyclone separators, a water tank having an upper region and a lower end, respective discharge lines connected from the lower ends of the cyclone separators to the water tank, a water drain line connected to the lower end of the water tank, and equalizing lines respectively connected at an incline from the highest points of the upper regions of the water tank to a location of the upper regions of each of the cyclone separators above the feed lines.

Apparatus for drying steam in steam power generating stations

In a temperature holding device for water collecting vessels of steam generators operable in once-through and circulating operation, having a feed-water line leading to the once-through steam generator, an evaporator and a superheater heating surface in the feed-water line, water-steam separating vessels intermediate the evaporator and superheater heating surface, a return line for returning water from the separating vessel to the feed-water line, a circulating pump and a first valve arrangement in the return line, a warm-up line having one end connected to the feed-water line before the evaporator, and another end connected to the return line intermediate the circulating pump and first valve arrangement, and a second valve arrangement in the warm-up line. A common water collecting vessel connected to outlets on the water side of the separating vessels by partial lines of the return line, a steam line connected from the steam side of the common water collecting vessel to an input of the superheater heating surface, and a shut-off valve in the steam line being closable in once-through operation and openable in circulating operation.

Temperature holding device for water collecting vessels of once-through

Method of improving the permissible load-varying speed of a once-through steam generator having a water separating vessel connected between a heating surface of the once-through steam generator and a heating surface of a superheater with a valve connected into a steam delivery line extending from the water separating device to the superheater heating surface, the valve being openable during start-up and shut-down of the once-through steam generator, which includes closing the valve to such a limited extent, depending upon the temperature of the water separating vessel, that the temperature of the water separating vessel corresponds to boiling temperature of feedwater supplied to the once-through steam generator at a pressure at which a transition occurs with respect to pure once-through operation, and device for performing the foregoing method.

Method of improving the permissible load-varying speed of a once-through

An apparatus for suspension of a tube wall, particularly a combustion chamber wall, made for example of helical finned tubes which are welded gas-tight with one another extending horizontally or inclined, on an upper part of a steam generator made of vertical tubes, by means of vertically extending tie rods which are connected with the tube wall over welding bridges. Respectively pairs of tie rods which extend spaced by a small distance from one another are secured on the upper part of the steam generator by means of a common connection piece and are welded on their adjacent longitudinal edges over common welding bridges with the tube wall. The welding bridges are spaced from one another in the longitudinal direction of the tie rods.

Growing community of inventors

Uttenreuth, Germany

Georg Losel