Alcatel N.v.

Alcatel Alsthom Compagnie Generale D'electricite

Gebhard Thierer

Dieter Kopp

Dieter Baums

Michael Trompf

Hans Jurgen Matt

Helmut Seichter

Manfred Immendorfer

Gregor Rozinaj

Peter Fesseler

Neural networks are used to classify objects automatically by means of Doppler-broadened radar echo signals. The classification device KK contains a neural network (NET, NET2) which has an input layer (IL) of input nodes (IN1, . . . , IN57) for features (M) of the Doppler-broadened radar echo signals, and an output layer (OL) of output nodes (ON1, ON2, ON3) for predetermined classes to which the objects can be allocated. The neural network (NET, NET2) is adapted to the external conditions prevailing at the time of the classification operation. The adaptation takes place either via accessible input nodes (ZN1, ZN2) into which control information (SI) can be entered, and which cause the neural network (NET) to adapt to one or to several external influence factors, or via a selection device (SEL) which, from the parameters (P1, . . . , P4) of several neural networks stored in a memory (MEM), which are trained with training data under respectively different conditions of external influence factors, selects the one most similar to the prevailing conditions.

Device and method for classifying objects in an environmentally adaptive

To determine the degree of correspondence between a first and a second pattern, the first and the second pattern are mapped to n first (V11 to V1n) and m second (V21 to V2m) feature vectors respectively. For points ({1, 1} to {n, m}) in a subarea of a matrix formed by the n first (V11 to V1n) and m second (V21 to V2m) feature vectors, the distance of the respective first (V11 to V1n) and the second (V21 to V2m) feature vectors is computed, and from the mean distance along an optimum path by means of a DP algorithm. Data regarding the gradient of the respective optimum path are determined during the computation for boundary points of the subarea, and the subarea is dynamically reduced for further computations on the basis of these data. The mean distance is used as the degree of correspondence.

Pattern and speech recognition using gradient-based dynamical reduction

Coding digitized audio signals includes dividing an audio signal, consisting of a continuous sequence of sample values, into successive blocks of equal length, and performing overlapping windowing. The blocks are transformed into complex Fourier coefficients by means of a discrete Fourier transform, which complex Fourier coefficients are decomposed into magnitude values and phase values. The phase values are quantized with a linear quantization characteristic which becomes coarser going from low toward high frequencies. The magnitude values are combined into frequency bands which are oriented with regard to predetermined critical bands and become wider toward high frequencies. Quantization levels for each frequency band are fixed, taking into account a lower, frequency-dependent, absolute threshold of hearing, such that a range lying below the respective threshold of hearing is disregarded, and taking into account a relative threshold of hearing, such that ranges in the neighborhood of frequencies with large magnitude values are taken into account to a reduced extent. A number of sub-bands consisting of single values of the frequency bands are fixed, and the greatest single magnitude value of each sub-band is determined. Variable quantization of each frequency band is performed by quantizing the greatest magnitude value of a sub-band with a maximum available number of bits and all other magnitude values with a smaller number of bits.

Method of coding 32-kb/s audio signals

In a telephone switching system, a multifrequency code receiver unit is replaced by a voice-controlled dial signal receiver unit connected to the switching network via an adapter unit. The voice-controlled dial signal receiver unit contains a voice recognition unit, a voice output unit, and a control unit. A multifrequency code receiver is connected in parallel with the voice-controlled dial signal receiver unit and coupled to the adapter unit. The subscriber can enter dial information and service-feature-control information through the microphone of the handset of a telephone station and/or through a numeric keypad of the station. Instead of being informed of the respective line condition by tone signals, the subscriber receives this information in the form of speech from the voice output unit.

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Ditzingen, Germany

Gebhard Thierer