Mobil Oil Corporation

Gary J Green

Tsoung Y Yan

David S Shihabi

Dennis E Walsh

Joe E Penick

Harry A McVeigh

Frederick L Dryer

Stuart Damon Hellring

David O Marler

Albert B Schwartz

Amos A Avidan

Richard F Socha

Robert P Absil

Arthur A Chin

Emmerson Bowes

Billy K Huh

Tsoung-Y Yan

A process and apparatus for fluidized bed combustion using a dense phase combustion zone over a dilute phase combustion zone. When used to regenerate FCC catalyst containing coke with relatively large amounts of NO.sub.x precursors, the catalyst is added to and partially regenerated in the dense phase zone and then falls down into the dilute phase zone. Most of the combustion air is added to the dilute phase and rises into and fluidizes the dense phase zone. NO.sub.x formed in the dilute phase is reduced to N.sub.2 in the dense phase.

Fluidized bed combustion process

Emission of noxious nitrogen oxides with the flue gas from the regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking plant are reduced by incorporating into the circulating inventory of cracking catalyst separate additive particles that contain a copper-loaded zeolite material having a characteristic structure with a defined X-ray diffraction pattern. The preferred material of this type is zeolite MCM-22. The copper may be exchanged onto the zeolite or impregnated into the catalyst. In addition, the catalyst may include titanium or zirconium to provide stability and further improvements in stability may be obtained with the addition of rareearth metal cations, especially cerium or yttrium. NOX and CO emissions from the regenerator are reduced, and the gasoline produced in the unit may have an improved octane number.

Catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons

A circulating fluid bed combustion (CFBC) unit, which burns a carbon and nitrogen containing fuel to produce heat and flue gas comprising NO.sub.x, operates with reduced emissions of NO.sub.x from the flue gas by adding to the circulating fluid bed a catalytically effective amount of a DeNO.sub.x catalyst, such as bismuth oxide on a silica/alumina support. The DeNO.sub.x catalyst may circulate freely with the circulating inventory of particulates in the CFB, or can be disposed on a heavier particle which 'slips' and has an extended residence time in the combustion zone where the carbonaceous fuel is burned. A CO combustion promoter, such as Pt on silica/alumina may also be present.

Reducing NO.sub.x emissions from a circulating fluid bed combustor

Fluidized bed combustion process and apparatus

Emission of noxious nitrogen oxides with the flue gas from the regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking plant are reduced by incorporating into the circulating inventory of cracking catalyst separate additive particles that contain a copper-loaded zeolite. A particularly effective additive is provided by ion-exchanging ZSM-5 zeolite with cupric ion. With such preferred additive, CO emissions also are reduced, and the recovered gasoline has enhanced octane number.

Emission of noxious nitrogen oxides with the flue gas from the regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking plant are reduced by incorporating into the circulating inventory of cracking catalyst separate additive particles that contain a copper-loaded zeolite. A particularly effective additive is provided, for example, by treating a ZSM-5 zeolite in a matrix consisting predominantly of titania, zirconia or a mixture thereof with a solution containing both copper and rare earth cations to incorporate both of these elements with the zeolitic composition.

This invention relates to electromagnetically induced thermal activation method and apparatus for in-situ preparation of samples including zeolite catalyst. More particularly, the invention relates to preparation of samples for IR spectroscopic characterization analysis. The technique is based on electromagnetically introduced thermal treatment of a catalyst situated in a specially designed vacum cell which is housed in the sample compartment of an IR analyzer. The sample is selectively heated by adsorption of direct infrared radiation from a laser. The sample is supported on a negligible mass which preferably comprises a wire made of nichrome.

Method and apparatus for activating catalysts using electromagnetic

Improved zeolitic copper catalysts are prepared by incorporating with the catalyst a steam-stabilizing amount of titanium or zirconium compound. The novel compositions are particularly useful in treating wet exhaust gases to reduce the content of one or more pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons.

Zeolitic copper catalyst

Disclosed is apparatus comprising a means for injecting a controlled stream of hydrocarbon liquid into a concurrently flowing stream of gas in a Venturi forming droplets. Droplets are subsequently combusted in a gas stream. The level of radient emissions is measured photoelectrically. Results obtained are useful in predicting service life of combustor walls in jet engines and the like.

Apparatus and method for determining luminosity of hydrocarbon fuels

A continuous regenerator for the two-stage regeneration of hot coked fluid catalytic cracking catalyst, and a method for regenerating coked catalyst by combustion with air and with reduced emissions of nitrogen oxides, or with reduced emissions of any two or more of the pollutants which include nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and carbon monoxide.

Apparatus and method for regenerating coked fluid cracking catalyst

Combustible carbonaceous particles such as particles of sponge coke or coal are incorporated with the circulating inventory of cracking catalyst in a fluid catalytic cracking unit. The carbonaceous particles selectively sorb metal contaminants in the feed, thereby extending catalyst life, and they also serve to reduce NO.sub.x emissions in certain instances. The sorbed metals values may be recovered as the carbonaceous particles are burned.

Uniform droplets of a liquid are produced by positioning the end of a capillary tube in the throat of a venturi. Gas flowing through the venturi detaches droplets from the end of the capillary tube without requiring high volume gas flow or excessively high velocity of the droplets.

Droplet generating apparatus

Disclosed are methods and apparatus for determining phase transition temperatures and, more particularly, for determining cloud, fluidity, freezing, and haze points of hydrocarbon fuels and hydrocarbon/oxygenate fuel blends. The attenuation of laser light as it passes through the sample, then through a laser line filter, and then into a photodetector is used to determine the transition temperature.

Method and apparatus for determining phase transition temperature using

Methane is converted to higher, more reactive, hydrocarbon products by a diffusion flame. Methane is converted to C.sub.2 + products by pyrolysis in the interior of the flame with oxidizing gas flowing outside of the flame. More reactive products are withdrawn from the center of the flame by a probe tube and cooled by the flowing oxidizing gas to stop the reaction.

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Yardley, PA, United States of America

Gary J Green