Albemarle Corporation

Albemarble Corporation

Gary D Focht

W Dirk Klobucar

Tse-Chong Wu

Robert M Moore, Jr

R Woodrow Wilson, Jr

James E Torres

R Carl Herndon, Jr

Ronny W Lin

Robert H Allen

William J Layman, Jr

Kannappan C Chockalingam

Gary D Heidebrecht

Thorsten W Brockmann

Ranjit K Roy

Joseph D McLean

Karl R Jones

Yaping Zhong

Kannappan C Chockalingham

The process involves (a) continuously forming bromine chloride from separate feed streams of bromine and chlorine by maintaining said streams under automatic feed rate control whereby the streams are continuously proportioned to come together in equimolar amounts to form bromine chloride; (b) continuously forming an aqueous product having an active bromine content of at least 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), a pH of at least 7, and an atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine greater than 0.93:1 by continuously feeding into mixing apparatus separate feed streams of (1) bromine chloride formed in (a), and (2) an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid, under automatic feed rate control whereby the feed streams are continuously proportioned to come together in amounts that produce an aqueous product having an active bromine content of at least 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), a pH of at least 7, and an atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (1) and (2) greater than 0.93:1; and, (c) withdrawing said aqueous product from said mixing apparatus at a rate sufficient to enable the continuous feeding in (a) and (b) to be maintained.

Continuous processes for preparing concentrated aqueous liquid biocidal composition

The process involves (a) continuously forming bromine chloride from separate feed streams of bromine and chlorine by maintaining said streams under automatic feed rate control whereby the streams are continuously proportioned to come together to form bromine chloride; (b) continuously forming an aqueous product having an active bromine content of at least 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), a pH of at least 7, and an atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine greater than 0.93:1 by continuously or intermittently feeding into mixing apparatus separate feed streams of (1) bromine chloride formed in (a), and (2) an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid, under automatic feed rate control.

Processes for preparing concentrated aqueous liquid biocidal compositions

Meta-bromination with suppression of para-bromination is achieved by forming a reaction mixture comprised of (i) bromine chloride, (ii) a bromination catalyst, and (iii) a benzoyl halide, and maintaining the temperature of the resultant reaction mixture at one or more temperatures above 0&deg; C., but not greater than 30&deg; C. The bromine chloride is preferably formed in situ, most preferably by sparging gaseous chlorine into a mixture of bromine, finely-divided iron, and benzoyl chloride.

Process for producing 3-bromobenzoyl halides

Palladium-catalyzed arylation of an olefin (e.g., ethylene) with an aromatic halide (e.g., 2-bromo-6-methoxynaphthalene, m-bromobenzophenone, or 4-isobutyl-1-bromobenzene) is conducted in specified media. After a special acid or base phase separation procedure, palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of the olefinically-substituted aromatic intermediate is conducted in specified media using CO and water or an alcohol to form arylalkylcarboxylic acid or ester or substituted arylalkylcarboxylic acid or ester (e.g., racemic 2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid, 2-(3-benzoylphenyl)propionic acid, or 2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid). Catalyst recovery procedures enabling recycle of catalyst residues and efficient recovery of amine hydrogen halide scavenger and solvent used in the arylation reaction are described, as well as novel, highly efficient methods of conducting the carbonylation reaction. The technology is economical and suitable for use on an industrial scale whereby reaction mixtures can be efficiently separated into the desired component mixtures without need for excessive capital investment or tedious, time-consuming operations. High yields of high purity products can be achieved.

Preparation of carboxylic compounds and their derivatives

Arylolefinic compounds are prepared by reacting aryl halide with an olefinic compound in the presence of a polar liquid reaction medium containing (a) secondary or tertiary amine as a hydrogen halide acceptor (b) a catalyst system formed from (i) Pd or Pd(0) compound, and/or Pd(I) salt or Pd(II) salt, and (ii) a tertiary phosphine ligand, and (c) a reaction accelerating amount of water in the range of about 0.5 to about 5 weight percent of the total weight of the reaction mixture. The arylolefinic compounds can be converted to an arylcarboxylic acid by hydrocarboxylation with CO in a reaction medium freed of amine and containing water and a Pd catalyst system as above in which a copper component may be included, and which preferably includes an ether such as THF.

Preparation of olefinic compounds and carboxylic derivatives thereof

The co-formation of diarylalkane by-product in the chloroalkylation of an aromatic compound with an aldehyde is minimized by conducting the reaction in a continuous manner in a concentration with agitation and in the presence of both hydrogen sulfate and hydrogen chloride.

Chloroalkylation of aromatic compounds

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Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America

Gary D Focht