Other

Berthold Gmbh & Co. Kg

G&uuml;nter Knapp

Bernhard Platzer

Howard M Kingston

Michael Zischka

The present invention refers to an apparatus for carrying out wet chemical reactions under pressure comprising a pressure sure vessel in which a reaction liquid can be provided and which is adapted to be sealed in a pressure-tight manner by closure means. When the reaction liquid is heated, the pressure in the interior of the pressure vessel will increase; the stressability limit of the pressure vessel must, however, not be exceeded. The total pressure in the interior is composed of the partial pressures of the reaction liquid and of the reaction products. The reaction liquid must be maintained at so low a temperature that the sum of the partial pressures of the reaction liquid and of the gaseous reaction products does not exceed the maximum load value of the pressure vessel. For achieving a wet chemical reaction which is as fast and as efficient as possible, the highest possible temperature of the reaction liquid is, however, required. In accordance with the present invention these problems are solved by a rinsing device for rinsing the pressure vessel while removing gaseous reaction products from the pressurized pressure vessel and while maintaining a predetermined pressure therein. This has the effect that the gaseous reaction products are removed from the pressure vessel so that said gaseous reaction products will neither displace the reaction equilibrium nor influence the pressure conditions.

Apparatus for carrying out wet chemical reactions under pressure

The invention relates to a device for analyzing gaseous samples comprising a device for generating a plasma, a feeding device for the sample to be analyzed and at least one detector unit which in particular comprises at least one interference filter, a lens arrangement and a photodetector for detecting radiation, especially atomic emission or molecular emission, emitted by the sample to be analyzed. According to the invention, said device for generating the plasma is made up of two in particular ring- or disk-shaped parallel, interspaced electrodes, wherein each electrode has one essentially centrical, especially circular through-opening, and an isolator positioned between said electrodes, said isolator having a particularly circular through-opening for confining the plasma. In addition the invention provides for an optical unit, in particular a collimator lens, to be placed between said device for generating the plasma and the detector unit for forming a parallel ray beam.

Device for analyzing gaseous samples

In a process for triggering and/or carrying out chemical reactions by irradiating starting materials and, in particular, liquid starting materials with short-wave electromagnetic radiation emitted from at least one substance sending out short-wave electromagnetic radiation upon irradiation and excitation with long-wave electromagnetic radiation under operating conditions, the short-wave electromagnetic radiation is generated in a closed vessel arranged within the starting materials and containing the short-wave electromagnetic radiation emitting substance. A device for triggering and/or carrying out chemical reactions by irradiating with short-wave electromagnetic radiation starting materials and, in particular, liquid starting materials received in a receptacle, includes a generator for generating long-wave electromagnetic radiation as well as a vessel for receiving at least one substance sending out short-wave electromagnetic radiation upon irradiation and excitation with long-wave electromagnetic radiation under operating conditions. It is provided that the receptacle for the starting materials is designed to be permeable to long-wave electromagnetic radiation. The vessel receiving the short-wave electromagnetic radiation emitting substance, furthermore, is arranged within the receptacle and at least partially surrounded by the starting materials.

Growing community of inventors

Graz, Austria

Günter Knapp

Growing community of inventors

Graz, Austria

G&uuml;nter Knapp

Günter Knapp