Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.

Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation

Fumihiko Nagasaki

Yuji Takahashi

Keiichi Shimizu

Hirokazu Otake

Shigeru Kojima

Noriyuki Kitamura

Takuro Hiramatsu

Akiyoshi Ueda

Nanjou Aoike

Tomio Yamada

Tsutomu Kakitani

Renpei Hatano

Mitsuru Takase

Yutaka Takakura

Satoru Yamazaki

Katsuyata Ikura

Kimihiko Oohata

Hidemitsu Takahashi

Kenji Hagiwara

Katsuya Ooto

Hiroaki Shibasaki

Yutaka Ishii

A luminaire according to one embodiment includes a DC power supply circuit, a switching power supply, and a lighting load. The DC power supply circuit converts an AC voltage controlled in phase to a DC voltage. The switching power supply is connected to the DC power supply circuit, and is controlled so that an input current becomes a constant current. The lighting load is connected as a load circuit of the switching power supply.

Luminaire

The invention provides novel processes for preparing efficiently compounds of general formula (1) (wherein R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C14 hydrocarbyl bearing alicyclic skeleton, or the like) and initermediates thereof. Compounds of general formula (I) can be prepared by subjecting compounds of general formula (II) and/or salts thereof to cyclization hydrolysis in an aqueous basic solution. Further, compounds of general formula (II) can be prepared from industrially easily available diaminomaleonitrile in a high yield.

Processes for the preparation of 4(5)-amino-5(4)-carboxamidoimidazoles and intermediates thereof

A rectification device rectifies an input voltage from an AC power source. First and second switching devices are arranged between a pair of output terminals of the rectification device and alternately turned on/off. A series circuit of a first capacitor and an inductor is arranged between the two terminals of one of the first and second switching devices so as to perform a smoothing operation with respect to the frequency of an output from the rectification device. A second capacitor serves to form a resonance circuit in cooperation with the inductor in accordance with the ON/OFF operations of the first and second switching devices. The capacitance of the second capacitor is smaller than that of the first capacitor.

Power supply apparatus having high power-factor and low

A compound having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents halogen or methyl;

Benzoylurea derivatives

Process for producing the 3-chloro-1-formyl-4-phenylpyrroles

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Kanagawa, Japan

Fumihiko Nagasaki