Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Corporation

Merck Patent Gesellschaft MIT Beschrankter Haftung

Sharp Corporation

Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd.

Daiso Co., Ltd.

Chisso Corporation

Other

Nippon Sheet Glass Company, Limited

Ushio Denki Kabushiki Kaisha

Kanto Kagaku Kabushiki Kaisha

Sharp Kabushiki Kaishi

Japan Electronic Industry Development Association

Nippon Sheet Glass

Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha & Chisso Corp.

Fumiaki Funada

Masataka Matsuura

Tomio Wada

Toshiaki Takamatsu

Hiroshi Hamada

Mitsuhiro Koden

Yutaka Ishii

Tomoaki Kuratate

Shigehiro Minezaki

Shuichi Kozaki

Noriko Watanabe

Shuichi Kohzaki

Kazuhiko Sakaguchi

Kei Sasaki

Masako Okada

Eike Poetsch

Herbert Plach

Hiroshi Numata

Tohru Kitamura

Syuichi Kozaki

Makoto Shiomi

Yoshitaka Yamamoto

Hisashi Uede

Bernhard Rieger

Naofumi Kimura

Keisaku Nonomura

Hirohisa Tanaka

Hiroshi Kuwagaki

Yoshikazu Takehira

Yutaka Shiomi

Shuuhei Yasuda

Shunpei Yamazaki

Toru Takayama

Hongyong Zhang

Volker Reiffenrath

Reinhard Hittich

Tatsuo Morita

Kenjiro Hamanaka

Thomas Geelhaar

Hiroaki Kato

Kunihiko Yamamoto

Katunobu Awane

Hideo Saito

Toshiyuki Hirai

Naoya Kasai

Shuhei Yasuda

Kenichi Nakagawa

Keiichiro Shimizu

Shyuichi Kozaki

Shohei Naemura

Kiyoshi Toda

Masao Yoshikawa

Shinichi Ogawa

Jun Koyama

Hideomi Suzawa

Yutaka Takafuji

Bernhard Scheuble

Masaya Okamoto

Naoaki Yamaguchi

Fusayuki Takeshita

Hiroyuki Nemoto

Kenji Furukawa

Makoto Takeda

Hiroshi Nakanishi

Takashi Kishimoto

Hiroshi Take

Hideo Ichinose

Tadanori Hishida

Masako Nakamura

Kiyoshi Nakazawa

Sadatoshi Takechi

Takamasa Oyama

Takashi Shibatani

Masahiro Oikawa

Tsunenori Fujii

Osamu Inoue

Kohhei Kishi

Yukiko Ichimura

Atsushi Sugiura

Hiromi Inoue

Kouji Tanaka

Keizo Ito

Shuichi Kouzaki

Kazuhiko Tsuchiya

Masataka Matsura

Shoji Yoshii

Ulrich Finkienzeller

Kazuhiro Shibata

Ishii Yutaka

Hiroshi Uede

Wada Tomio

Kenichi Makagawa

Tatuo Uchida

Method of forming an active layer for TFTs without plasma-damaging the side surfaces of the active layer. The method is started with forming a crystalline silicon film on a glass substrate. A resist mask is placed on the silicon film. The silicon film is etched with an etchant gas consisting mainly of a halogen fluoride gas, thus forming the active layer. During this process, the etchant gas is not changed into a plasma to prevent the side surfaces of the active layer from being plasma-damaged. ClF,can be used as the halogen fluoride gas.

Method of manufacturing a semiconductor device

A thin film transistor where source and drain electrodes are film laminates including at least two layers. A first layer film of the laminate, which is formed to a thickness of 10 to 700 .ANG. is in ohmic contact with underlying semiconductor film. A second layer film, formed on the first layer film has a thickness of more than about 2000 .ANG. and is a material having a sufficient adhesion strength even when formed at a temperature which is less than the temperature corresponding to the materials vapor pressure. Further, the materials used for the source and drain electrodes can be formed into thin films by ordinary sputtering or vacuum deposition techniques, low in cost, and readily available. A thin film transistor according to the present invention is formed on a substrate by the steps of: forming a gate electrode on the substrate; oxidizing the gate electrode to form a gate insulating film, the gate electrode and the gate insulating film forming a step; forming a thin film semiconductor on the gate insulating film; forming a first layer film portion of a source and drain electrode film laminate on the thin film semiconductor and in ohmic contact with the thin film semiconductor; and forming a second layer film portion of the source and drain electrode film laminate, the second layer film being an adhesion layer, convering the first layer film, and having a sufficient thickness to provide a continuous film across the step.

Method of manufacturing a thin-film transistor with reinforced drain and

An active matrix liquid crystal display having a high aperture ratio is provided. Retaining capacitors are created between a black matrix and pixel electrodes via a dielectric layer made from an organic resinous material or inorganic material. Those regions of the black matrix which cover TFTs are fully utilized. Therefore, wider area can be used to display an image than heretofore. In the present invention, the difference in relative dielectric constant between different dielectric layers is employed. Therefore, retaining capacitors can be created without the need to take account of parasitic capacitance.

Electro-optical device and method of fabricating same

An image display apparatus is disclosed which includes: an optical system including a light source and at least one projection lens; a display means for forming a display image, the display means including a non-luminescent display panel and a microlens array disposed on the light-incidence side of the display panel; and at least one projection lens for projecting the display image; wherein the display panel and the microlens array are combined with each other by means of an adhesive made of a transparent material. In cases where the microlens array is provided with color filters which are arranged so as to correspond to the microlenses of this array, the image display apparatus can provide a bright display of color images with an improved contrast. Moreover, when the display panel and the microlens array are combined with each other by means of an adhesive containing spacers, the image display apparatus has a high thermal reliability.

Image display apparatus

In an active matrix type liquid-crystal display device, in a peripheral circuit portion, there is arranged a TFT having a high mobility and capable of allowing a large amount of on-state current to flow. In a pixel portion, there is arranged a TFT having a small off-state current. These TFTs having different characteristics are constituted by using crystalline silicon film whose crystal has grown in a direction parallel with a substrate. That is, an angle formed between a crystal growing direction and a carrier moving direction are made different from each other, thereby to control a resistance imposed on the carriers when moving to determine the characteristics of the TFT. For example, when the crystal growing direction coincides with the carrier moving direction, high mobility can be given to the carriers. Further, when the crystal growing direction is arranged perpendicular to the carrier moving direction, the off-state current can be lowered.

Thin film transistors for the peripheral circuit portion and the pixel

Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device which comprises first and second transparent substrates disposed one above the other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed therebetween and having pixels. The second transparent substrate includes a microlens array therein, which has microlenses for converging light on the respective pixels. The microlenses are so positioned that their focal points are located in the vicinity of the inner surface of the second transparent substrate, which is the surface on the side provided with the liquid crystal layer. Since the microlens array is included in one of the two transparent substrates, the focal length of each microlens can be made shorter, resulting in an improved effective aperture ratio.

Liquid crystal display device with microlenses having a focal point

Method of manufacturing semiconductor device having different

A light source device emits light for positional alignment and light for adhesion toward the optical devices. A position detecting device receives the light for positional alignment from the optical devices and optically detects a positional displacement of the optical devices. A positional alignment mechanism moves the optical devices with respect to each other in accordance with a detecting result of the position detecting device, thereby positionally aligning the optical devices. After the optical devices are positionally aligned, the light for adhesion is radiated to a photo-curing adhesive resin interposed between the optical devices, thereby adhering the optical devices.

Optical device assemble apparatus

A ferroelectric liquid crystal device having a pair of substrates each provided with voltage applying means, an orientation control layer formed on at least one of the substrates, and a layer of ferroelectric liquid crystal composition disposed between the pair of substrates, the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition comprising at least one compound (a) having an optically active group of the formula (I): ##STR1## at least one compound (b) which is reverse to the compound (a) in the direction of a helical pitch induced in a nematic phase and at least one liquid crystal compound (c) exhibiting a smectic C phase, the liquid crystal composition exhibiting at least a smectic C phase, smectic A phase and nematic phase.

Ferroelectric liquid crystal display

The goggle type display apparatus of this invention comprises a first image generating unit for providing an image for the left eye and a second image generating unit for providing an image for the right eye, each of the first image generating unit and the second image generating unit comprising: a polarization beam splitter for polarizing light emitted from a light source; and a reflection type display device including a substrate, a switching circuit formed on the substrate, a display medium for modulating the light polarized by the polarization beam splitter to provide the light with image information, and an electrode layer electrically connected to the switching circuit for applying a voltage to the display medium, the electrode layer reflecting the light incident thereto after passing through the display medium.

Goggle type display apparatus

A liquid crystal display device comprising: a first substrate having a signal electrode and a scanning electrode insulated from each other through an insulating layer, said first substrate being further provided with a switching transistor and a pixel electrode both in association with an intersection of said signal electrode and said scanning electrode; a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal material of a positive dielectric anisotropy dispersed or impregnated in a transparent fluoro-type polymer of a fluoroalkyl acrylate or metacrylate or its copolymer with an alkyl acrylate or metacrylate; and a second substrate having a counter electrode to be placed at least opposite to said pixel electrode, said first and second substrate being disposed as opposed to each other so as to sandwich said liquid crystal layer.

Liquid crystal display device with liquid crystal dispersed or

The invention relates to a nematic liquid-crystal composition for active matrix displays with high voltage holding ratio and extremely good low temperature stability.

Nematic liquid-crystal composition for active matrix application

A ferroelectric liquid crystal device having a pair of substrates each provided with voltage application means, an orientation control layer formed on at least one of the substrates, and a layer of ferroelectric liquid crystal composition formed between the pair of substrates, the device being characterized in that the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition comprises at least one compound (a) having an optically active group of the formula (I): ##STR1## and at least one compound (b) which is reverse to the compound (a) in the direction of a helical pitch induced in a nematic phase, the liquid crystal composition exhibiting at least a smectic C phase, smectic A phase and nematic phase at least 20 .mu.m in helical pitch.

Ferroelectric liquid crystal device

An image display apparatus includes a display panel unit having a plurality of pixels, and a flat-plate microlens array of a refraction index distribution type. The microlens array is constituted by forming a plurality of microlenses for converging illuminating light onto the respective ones of the pixels, in a substrate by a diffusion process. In the diffusion process, diffusion fronts of the neighboring microlenses of the flat-plate microlens array are fused into each other so as to form one continuous curved surface within the substrate.

Image display apparatus with microlens plate having mutually fused

Growing community of inventors

Yamatokoriyama, Japan

Fumiaki Funada